Schools of History
Encyclopedia
There are many Schools of History, each reflecting different historiographical
approaches to the subject.
Note that a "School" of History
is neither a physical structure nor an educational establishment, but is a term applied to a group of like-minded academics.
Historians may or may not "officially" subscribe to one or more schools. They may also lean toward one, or, over the course of a career, change their stance.
Some schools have become largely defunct, due to being discredited.
Historiography
Historiography refers either to the study of the history and methodology of history as a discipline, or to a body of historical work on a specialized topic...
approaches to the subject.
Note that a "School" of History
History
History is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...
is neither a physical structure nor an educational establishment, but is a term applied to a group of like-minded academics.
Historians may or may not "officially" subscribe to one or more schools. They may also lean toward one, or, over the course of a career, change their stance.
Some schools have become largely defunct, due to being discredited.
Schools based on differing philosophies
- Annales SchoolAnnales SchoolThe Annales School is a group of historians associated with a style of historiography developed by French historians in the 20th century. It is named after its scholarly journal Annales d'histoire économique et sociale, which remains the main source of scholarship, along with many books and...
- Marxist historiographyMarxist historiographyMarxist or historical materialist historiography is a school of historiography influenced by Marxism. The chief tenets of Marxist historiography are the centrality of social class and economic constraints in determining historical outcomes....
- Whig historyWhig historyWhig history is the approach to historiography which presents the past as an inevitable progression towards ever greater liberty and enlightenment, culminating in modern forms of liberal democracy and constitutional monarchy. In general, Whig historians stress the rise of constitutional government,...
Schools focusing on history through another discipline
- Historical school of economicsHistorical school of economicsThe Historical school of economics was an approach to academic economics and to public administration that emerged in 19th century in Germany, and held sway there until well into the 20th century....
- German Historical SchoolGerman Historical SchoolThe German Historical School of Law is a 19th century intellectual movement in the study of German law. With Romanticism as its background, it emphasized the historical limitations of the law...
(law)
See also
- HistoricismHistoricismHistoricism is a mode of thinking that assigns a central and basic significance to a specific context, such as historical period, geographical place and local culture. As such it is in contrast to individualist theories of knowledges such as empiricism and rationalism, which neglect the role of...
- HistoriographyHistoriographyHistoriography refers either to the study of the history and methodology of history as a discipline, or to a body of historical work on a specialized topic...