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Schlager
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Schlager (German Schlager, literally "hitter" or, more loosely translated, "a hit") is a style of popular music that is prevalent in Central and Northern Europe, in particular Sweden, Switzerland, Austria and Germany, but also to a lesser extent in Baltic States, France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Typical schlager tracks are either sweet, highly sentimental ballads with a simple, catchy melody or light pop tunes. Lyrics typically center on love, relationships and feelings.
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Encyclopedia
Schlager (German Schlager, literally "hitter" or, more loosely translated, "a hit") is a style of popular music that is prevalent in Central and Northern Europe, in particular Sweden, Switzerland, Austria and Germany, but also to a lesser extent in Baltic States, France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Typical schlager tracks are either sweet, highly sentimental ballads with a simple, catchy melody or light pop tunes. Lyrics typically center on love, relationships and feelings. The northern variant of schlager, notably in Finland, has taken elements from Nordic and Slavic folk songs, with texts tending towards melancholic and elegiac themes. Musically the Schlager has some similarities to other styles like Easy Listening-Music.
The style has been frequently represented at the Eurovision Song Contest, and has been popular since it started in 1956, even though it is increasingly replaced by other pop music styles. While at one time music of this style was also fairly popular in the UK and USA, due to the constant change of fashion in popular culture, since the 1970s schlager has fallen out of favour.
Finland
A particular feature of Finnish schlager music ("Iskelmä") are the so-called "translated schlagers" ("Käännösiskelmä"), being songs translated into Finnish from other languages. There are also noteworthy Finnish schlager-lyricist including Junnu Vainio.
The roots of Finnish schlager tradition have been retrospectively traced into interwar period, when popular singers included Georg Malmstén and Matti Jurva. A particularly important song was opera-singer Ture Ara's smash hit "Emma" in 1929. Later schlagerstars in Finland include Jari Sillanpää, Kari Tapio, Eino Grön, Katri Helena, Tapani Kansa, Annikki Tähti, Kirka, Ilkka "Danny" Lipsanen, Olavi Virta, Marion Rung, Reijo Taipale, Teuvo Valo and Topi Sorsakoski. Currently popular schlager bands include Yölintu and Finlanders.
Schlager tradition has had and still has a very important place in Finnish popular music and its melodic language has influenced also Finnish rock. The schlagermusic has most of the time shared its audience with Finnish tango music, both being popular among middle aged people and some younger adults,also.
Germany and Austria
During the mid-to-late 1990s and into the early 2000s, however, German-language schlager saw an extensive revival in Germany. Even reputable dance clubs would put in a stretch of schlager titles during the course of an evening, and numerous new bands specialising in covering original '70s schlager tunes as well as performing "new" '70s-ish material were formed. In Hamburg, schlager fans still (as of 2006) gather annually by the tens of thousands and dress up in freakish '70s wear for a street parade called Schlager Move. This revival has always been associated with ironic kitsch and, to a certain extent, gay culture (see Camp).
Stylistically, schlager continues to influence the German "party pop" genre to this day, i.e., the music most often heard in après-ski bars and Majorcan mass discos.
Contemporary schlager is often mingled with Volkstümliche Musik.
Sweden
In Sweden schlager has been a popular form of music since at least the 1970s, even though it has had its up and downs. It still enjoys a large place in Swedish culture, although it is often considered to be too "popular and commercial" by many people.
The Swedish Melodifestivalen that selects the Swedish competitor at the Eurovision Song Contest is popularly called Schlagerfestivalen (The Schlager Festival) since it has traditionally been characterized by schlager songs. The amount of schlager has decreased somewhat in recent years, but schlager songs are the most frequent single genre to win the competition - for example, "Evighet" (English language title: "Invincible") in 2006 by Carola, and "Hero" by Charlotte Perrelli in 2008. Melodifestivalen is the single most popular TV program in Sweden. It occurs annually, and in 2006 an estimated 47% of the Swedish population watched the final. In Sweden, "schlager" is often used to refer to Eurovision participating songs.
Two characterizing features of Swedish schlager songs are that they almost invariably contain a pronounced key change before the final chorus, and they usually last almost exactly three minutes - the maximum length permitted at the Eurovision Song Contest.
Yugoslavia
Yugoslav schlagers started to appear in late 40s. One of the pioneers of schlagers is Darko Kraljevic, born in Zagreb, lived in Belgrade. He is best known by his hits "Camac na Tisi", sang by Lola Novakovic, big hit in revolutionary Hungary, and music made for the film Ljubav i moda (Love and Fashion) such as "Devojko mala", later covered by Yugoslavian band VIS Idoli. Kraljevic's schlagers symbolized the entrance of western European culture and capitalism into liberal communism in Yugoslavia.
See also
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