Saturn IB

	Email		Print
	Bookmark		Link

Saturn IB

The Saturn IB was an uprated version of the Saturn I

Saturn I

The Saturn I was the United States' first dedicated "space launcher," a rocket designed specifically to launch cargo into Earth's orbit. Most of the rocket's power came from a "clustered" lower stage consisting of tanks taken from older rocket designs and strapped together to make a single larger booster....
, which featured a much more powerful second stage, the S-IVB

S-IVB

The S-IVB was built by the Douglas Aircraft Company and served as the third stage on the Saturn V and second stage on the Saturn IB. It had one J-2 engine....
. Unlike the earlier Saturn I, the IB had enough throw weight to launch the Apollo Command/Service Module

Apollo Command/Service Module

The Command/Service Module was a spacecraft built for NASA by North American Aviation. It was one of the two spacecraft that were utilized for the Apollo program, along with the Apollo Lunar Module, to land astronauts on the Moon....
or Lunar Module

Apollo Lunar Module

The Apollo Lunar Module was the Lander portion of the Apollo spacecraft built for the United States Apollo program by Grumman to achieve the transit from cislunar orbit to the surface and back....
into Earth orbit, which made it invaluable for testing the Apollo spacecraft while the larger Saturn V

Saturn V

The Saturn V was a multistage rocket liquid-fuel expendable launch system rocket used by NASA's Apollo program and Skylab programs from 1967 until 1973....
needed to send them to the moon was still being developed. The Saturn IB was later used for manned Skylab

Skylab

Skylab was the first space station the United States launched into orbit, and the second space station ever visited by a human crew. The 100 ton space station was in Earth's orbit from 1973 to 1979, and it was visited by crews three times in 1973 and 1974....
flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project

mission_name = ASTP Apollo|insignia = ASTPpatch.png|crew_size = 3|command_module = CMmass |spacecraft_mass = total...
.

Discussion

Ask a question about 'Saturn IB'

Start a new discussion about 'Saturn IB'

Answer questions from other users

Full Discussion Forum

Encyclopedia

The Saturn IB was an uprated version of the Saturn I

Saturn I

S-IVB

Apollo Command/Service Module

Apollo Lunar Module

Saturn V

Skylab

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project

mission_name = ASTP Apollo|insignia = ASTPpatch.png|crew_size = 3|command_module = CMmass |spacecraft_mass = total...
. The final production run (such as Skylab launch vehicles) did not have the alternating black and white tanks on the first stage that were hallmarks of the earlier runs.

Data

Parameter	S-IB - 1st Stage	S-IVB - 2nd Stage	Instrument Unit	Apollo Spacecraft
Height (m)	25.5	17.8	1.00	24
Diameter (m)	6.6	6.6	6.6	3.9
Gross mass (kg)	458,107	119,920	1,980	20,788
Empty mass (kg)	45,267	13,311	225	14,098
Engines	Eight - H-1	One - J-2	-	One SPS
Thrust (kN)	7,582	1,020	-	97.86
I_sp (s)	288	421	-	314
I_sp (kN·s/kg)	2.82	4.13	-	3.08
Burn duration (s)	150	470	-	635
Propellant	LOX/RP-1	LOX/LH2	-	N2O4/UDMH

Launch events

Launch Event	Time (s)	Altitude (km)	Range (km)
Ignition Command	-3.02	.	.
First Motion	-0.19	.	.
Liftoff	0.00	.	.
Initiate Pitch Maneuver	10.0	.	.
Initiate Roll Maneuver	10.0	.	.
End Roll Maneuver	38.0	.	.
Mach One	62.18	7.63	.
Max Q	75.5	12.16	.
Freeze Tilt	134.40	.	.
Inboard Engine Cutoff	140.65	.	.
Outboard Engine Cutoff	144.32	.	.
Ullage Rockets Ignition	145.37	.	.
S-IB / S-IVB Separation	145.59	.	.
S-IVB Ignition	146.97	.	.
Ullage Rocket Burnout	148.33	.	.
Ullage Rocket Jettison	156.58	.	.
Jettison LES	163.28	.	.
Start Pitch Over	613.95	.	.
S-IVB Cutoff	616.76	.	.
Orbit Insertion	626.76	.	.
Start S/C Sep Sequence	663.11	.	.
Spacecraft Separation	728.31	.	.

S-IB stage

The S-IB stage is an eight engine booster for Earth orbital missions. It is composed of nine propellant containers, eight fins, a thrust structure assembly, eight H-1

H-1 (rocket engine)

The H-1 engine is a 200,000 lbf thrust LOX/RP-1 engine, used alone in the first stages of some Thor and the Jupiter . It is derived from the Navaho missile, and was simplified and improved for use in the S-IB first stage of the Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets....
rocket engine

Rocket engine

A rocket engine or simply rocket is a jet engineRocket Propulsion Elements; 7th edition- chapter 1 that uses only propellant mass for forming its high speed propulsive Jet ....
s, and many other components. The propellant containers consist of eight Redstone tanks (Four holding LOX

Lox

RP-1

RP-1 is a highly refined form of kerosene outwardly similar to jet fuel, used as a rocket fuel. Although having a lower specific impulse than liquid hydrogen and thus less thrust per unit mass, RP-1 is cheaper, can be stored at room temperature, is far less of an explosive hazard and is far more dense....
.) clustered around a Jupiter rocket tank, which contains LOX

Lox

Lox is salmon Fillet that has been curing . In its most popular form, it is thinly sliced—less than in thickness—and, typically, served on a bagel, often with cream cheese and capers....
. The four outboard engines can gimbal, meaning they can be steered to properly guide the rocket. This requires a few more engine components.

Specifications

Height: 83.6 ft (25.5 m)
Diameter: 21.7 ft (6.6 m)
Number of fins: 8
Finspan: 18 ft (5.5 m)
Engines: 8 H-1
H-1 (rocket engine)

The H-1 engine is a 200,000 lbf thrust LOX/RP-1 engine, used alone in the first stages of some Thor and the Jupiter . It is derived from the Navaho missile, and was simplified and improved for use in the S-IB first stage of the Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets....
Thrust: 1,600,000 lbf (7.1 MN)
Fuel: RP-1
RP-1

RP-1 is a highly refined form of kerosene outwardly similar to jet fuel, used as a rocket fuel. Although having a lower specific impulse than liquid hydrogen and thus less thrust per unit mass, RP-1 is cheaper, can be stored at room temperature, is far less of an explosive hazard and is far more dense....
(Refined kerosene
Kerosene

Kerosene, sometimes spelled kerosine in scientific and industrial usage, also known as paraffin, is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid....
) 41,000 US gal (155 m³)
Oxidizer: Liquid oxygen
Oxygen

Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
(LOX
Lox

Lox is salmon Fillet that has been curing . In its most popular form, it is thinly sliced—less than in thickness—and, typically, served on a bagel, often with cream cheese and capers....
) 66,000 US gal (250 m³)
Burn time: 2.5 min
Burnout altitude: 42 miles (68 km)

S-IVB stage

The S-IVB stage is generally identical to the third stage of the Saturn V

Saturn V

The Saturn V was a multistage rocket liquid-fuel expendable launch system rocket used by NASA's Apollo program and Skylab programs from 1967 until 1973....
, with the notable exceptions of its interstage adapter, smaller auxiluary propulsion control modules, and its lack of an on-orbit engine restart capability. It is powered by a single J-2

J-2 (rocket engine)

Rocketdyne's J-2 was America's largest production liquid hydrogen fueled rocket engine before the Space Shuttle main engines , and is being revived in support of Project Constellation....
engine, which is gimballed for flight control. This stage has a "common bulkhead," meaning that the propellant and oxidizer tanks share a bulkhead. This saved about ten tons of weight and reduced vehicle length over ten feet.

Height: 58.4 ft (17.8 m)
Diameter: 21.7 ft (6.6 m)
Number of fins: 0
Engines: 1 J-2
Thrust: 200,000 lbf (890 kN)
Fuel: Liquid hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
(LH2) 64,000 US gal (242 m³)
Oxidizer: Liquid oxygen
Oxygen

Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
(LOX
Lox

Lox is salmon Fillet that has been curing . In its most popular form, it is thinly sliced—less than in thickness—and, typically, served on a bagel, often with cream cheese and capers....
) 20,000 US gal (76 m³)
Burn time: approx. 7 min
Burnout altitude (for Saturn IB): orbit

All Saturn IB launches

Serial Number	Mission	Launch Date	Notes
AS-201	AS-201 AS-201 AS-201 was the first flight of the Saturn IB launch vehicle....	February 26, 1966	1st test flight. Sub-orbital Command/Service Module test.
AS-203	AS-203 AS-203 AS-203 was an unmanned flight Saturn IB launch vehicle. It is sometimes informally called Apollo 2....	July 5, 1966	2nd test flight. Test of SIV-B stage. Tracked 4 orbits.
AS-202	AS-202 AS-202 AS-202 was a sub-orbital test flight of the Saturn IB and Apollo Command/Service Module. It is sometimes informally called Apollo 3....	August 25, 1966	3rd test flight. 2nd Sub-orbital Command/Service Module unmanned test.
AS-204	Apollo 5 Apollo 5 Apollo 5 was the first unmanned flight of the Apollo Lunar Module, which would later carry astronauts to the lunar surface....	January 22, 1968	Earth orbit unmanned test of Lunar Module. Launched on unused booster from Apollo 1 Apollo 1 Apollo 1 is the official name that was later given to the never-flown Apollo/Saturn 204 mission. Its command module was destroyed by fire during a test and training exercise on January 27 1967 at Pad 34 atop a Saturn IB rocket.... . 36 orbits.
AS-205	Apollo 7 Apollo 7 Apollo 7 was the first manned mission in the Apollo program to be launched. It was an eleven-day Earth-orbital mission, the first manned launch of the Saturn IB launch vehicle, and the first three-man American space mission....	October 11, 1968	Earth orbit test. Crew: Schirra Wally Schirra Walter Marty Schirra, Jr. was one of the original The Mercury Seven astronauts chosen for the Mercury program, America's first effort to put humans in space.... , Eisle Donn F. Eisele Donn Fulton Eisele , born in Columbus, Ohio, was a test pilot in the United States Air Force and a NASA astronaut.... , Cunningham Walter Cunningham Ronnie Walter "Walt" Cunningham is a retired United States astronaut. In 1968, he was the Apollo Lunar Module pilot in the Apollo 7 mission. He is NASA's second civilian astronaut, Fighter pilot, Col.... . 163 orbits. Last launch from Launch Complex 34 Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 34 Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 34 is a launch site at Merritt Island, Cape Canaveral, Florida. LC-34 and its twin to the north, LC-37, were used by NASA as part of the Project Apollo, to launch Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets....
AS-206	Skylab 2 Skylab 2 Skylab 2 was the first human spaceflight mission to Skylab, the first United States orbital space station. The mission was launched on a Saturn IB rocket and carried a three-person crew to the station....	May 25, 1973	First Skylab crew: Conrad, Kerwin, Weitz. 404 orbits. First launch from Launch Pad 39B using a Saturn V Saturn V The Saturn V was a multistage rocket liquid-fuel expendable launch system rocket used by NASA's Apollo program and Skylab programs from 1967 until 1973.... umbilical tower and a "milkstool" assembly to allow the rocket to be serviced using Saturn V Saturn V The Saturn V was a multistage rocket liquid-fuel expendable launch system rocket used by NASA's Apollo program and Skylab programs from 1967 until 1973.... launch tower and mobile service platform.
AS-207	Skylab 3 Skylab 3 Skylab 3 was the second human spaceflight mission to Skylab. The Skylab 3 mission started July 28, 1973, with the launch of three astronauts on the Saturn IB rocket, and lasted 59 days, 11 hours and 9 minutes....	July 28, 1973	Second Skylab crew: Bean, Garriott, Lousma. 838 orbits.
AS-208	Skylab 4 Skylab 4 Skylab 4 was the fourth Skylab mission and placed the third human spaceflight on board. It started November 16, 1973, with the launch of three astronauts on a Saturn IB rocket, and lasted 84 days, 1 hour and 16 minutes....	November 16, 1973	Third and final Skylab crew: Carr, Gibson, Pogue. 1,214 orbits
AS-209	Skylab Rescue Skylab Rescue The Skylab Rescue mission was a backup contingency for a rescue flight to the Skylab space station. The Saturn IB rocket, AS-208 was assembled in the Vehicle Assembly Building at Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 for possible use....	1973, 1974	Skylab Rescue Mission. Not flown. Currently on display at Kennedy Space Center, with Apollo FVV spacecraft mockup. First stage engines and Apollo FVV service module replaced with fabricated duplicates in 1993-1994 due to severe corrosion Corrosion Corrosion means the breaking down of essential properties in a material due to chemical reactions with its surroundings. In the most common use of the word, this means a loss of electrons of metals reacting with water and oxygen.... .
AS-210	ASTP	July 15, 1975	Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, Crew: Stafford, Slayton, Brand. 136 orbits. Last Saturn IB flight.
AS-211	Unused. First stage on display with the S-IVB Battleship Test Stage stacked in a launch ready condition at the Alabama Welcome Center on I-65 in Ardmore, AL. Second stage, the S-IVB, is on display as a Skylab mockup at the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in Huntsville, AL.
AS-212	Unused. Second stage, S-IVB, converted to Skylab Skylab Skylab was the first space station the United States launched into orbit, and the second space station ever visited by a human crew. The 100 ton space station was in Earth's orbit from 1973 to 1979, and it was visited by crews three times in 1973 and 1974.... space station.
AS-213	Only 1st stage built. Unused
AS-214	Only 1st stage built. Unused

External links

NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ' , 30th September 1972