Saskatchewan

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Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan () is a prairie province in Canada

Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
, which has an area of 588,276.09 square kilometres (227,134.67 sq mi) and a population of 1,015,895 (according to 2008 estimates), mostly living in the southern half of the province. Of these, 233,923 live in the province's largest city, Saskatoon

Saskatoon

Saskatoon is a city located in central Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River, with a metropolitan area population of 233,923. Saskatoon is the most populous city in the province of Saskatchewan, and has been since the mid-1980s when it surpassed the provincial capital of Regina, Saskatchewan....
, while 194,971 live in the provincial capital, Regina

Regina, Saskatchewan

Regina is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. The city is the second largest in the province , and is a cultural and commercial metropole for both southern Saskatchewan and adjacent areas in the neighbouring American states of North Dakota and Montana....
. Other major cities, in order of size, are Prince Albert

Prince Albert, Saskatchewan

Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is situated in the centre of the province on the banks along the Saskatchewan River....
, Moose Jaw

Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan

Moose Jaw is a city in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada on the Moose Jaw River, 71 km west of Regina, Saskatchewan. Residents of Moose Jaw are known as Moose Javians....
, Yorkton

Yorkton, Saskatchewan

File:YorktonSK.jpgYorkton is a city in the south-east of Saskatchewan, Canada, near the Manitoba border. The Yorkton Short Film and Video Festival has been held there every year since 1947....
, Swift Current

Swift Current, Saskatchewan

Swift Current is a small city in Southwest Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Saskatchewan provincial highway 1 west from Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan and east from Medicine Hat, Alberta....
, and North Battleford

North Battleford, Saskatchewan

North Battleford is a small city in west central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located directly across the North Saskatchewan River from the town of Battleford, Saskatchewan....
.

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Encyclopedia

Saskatchewan () is a prairie province in Canada

Canada

Saskatoon

Regina, Saskatchewan

Prince Albert, Saskatchewan

Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is situated in the centre of the province on the banks along the Saskatchewan River....
, Moose Jaw

Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan

Moose Jaw is a city in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada on the Moose Jaw River, 71 km west of Regina, Saskatchewan. Residents of Moose Jaw are known as Moose Javians....
, Yorkton

Yorkton, Saskatchewan

Swift Current, Saskatchewan

North Battleford, Saskatchewan

North Battleford is a small city in west central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located directly across the North Saskatchewan River from the town of Battleford, Saskatchewan....
. The province's name comes from the Saskatchewan River

Saskatchewan River

The Saskatchewan River is a major river in Canada, approximately 550 km long, flowing roughly eastward across Saskatchewan and Manitoba to drain into Lake Winnipeg....
, whose name comes from its Cree

Cree language

Cree is the name for a group of closely-related Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 117,000 people across Canada, from the Northwest Territories to Labrador, making it by far the most spoken Native American languages in Canada....
designation: kisiskaciwani-sipiy, meaning "swift flowing river".

Geography

From a great scale, Saskatchewan appears to be somewhat a quadrilateral

Quadrilateral

In geometry, a quadrilateral is a polygon with four 'sides' or edges and four vertices or corners. Sometimes, the term quadrangle is used, for analogy with triangle, and sometimes tetragon for consistency with pentagon , hexagon and so on....
. However, because of its size, the 49th parallel boundary and the 60th northern border appear curved. Additionally, the eastern boundary of the province is partially crooked rather than following a line of longitude, as correction lines were devised by surveyors prior to the homestead program (1880–1928). Saskatchewan is bounded on the west by Alberta

Alberta

Alberta is one of Canada Canadian Prairies Provinces and territories of Canada. It became a province on September 1, 1905.Alberta is located in western Canada, bounded by the provinces of British Columbia to the west and Saskatchewan to the east, the Northwest Territories to the north, and the U.S....
, on the north by the Northwest Territories

Northwest Territories

The Northwest Territories are a provinces and territories of Canada of Canada.Located in northern Canada, it borders Canada's two other territories, Yukon to the west and Nunavut to the east, and three provinces: British Columbia to the southwest, Alberta and Saskatchewan to the south....
, on the east by Manitoba

Manitoba

U.S. state

A U.S. state is any one of the 50 state of the United States that share sovereignty with the federal government of the United States . Because of this shared sovereignty, an United States is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of Domicile ....
of Montana

Montana

Montana is a U.S. state in the Western United States. The western third of the state contains numerous mountain ranges; other 'island' ranges are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains....
and North Dakota

North Dakota

North Dakota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States and Western United States regions of the United States of America. North Dakota is the 19th largest state by area in the US; it is the 48th most populous, with just over 640,000 residents as of 2006....
. Saskatchewan has the distinction of being the only Canadian province for which no borders correspond to physical geographic features (i.e. they are straight lines of latitude and longitude). Saskatchewan is also one of only two provinces that is land-locked, the other one being Alberta.

Saskatchewan contains two major natural regions: the Canadian Shield

Canadian Shield

The Canadian Shield — also called the Laurentian Plateau, or Bouclier Canadien — is a massive shield covered by a thin layer of soil that forms the nucleus of the North American craton....
in the north and the Interior Plains

Interior Plains

The Interior Plains is a vast physiographic region that spreads across the Laurentia of North America. This area was originally formed when cratons collided and welded together 1.9–1.8 billion years ago in the Trans-Hudson orogeny during the Paleoproterozoic....
in the south. Northern Saskatchewan is mostly covered by boreal forest except for the Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes, the largest active sand dunes in the world north of 58°, adjacent to the southern shore of Lake Athabasca

Lake Athabasca

Lake Athabasca is located in the northwest corner of Saskatchewan and the northeast corner of Alberta between 58th parallel north and 60th parallel north....
. Southern Saskatchewan contains another area with sand dunes known as the "Great Sand Hills" covering over . The Cypress Hills, located in the southwestern corner of Saskatchewan and Killdeer Badlands (Grasslands National Park) are areas of the province that remained unglaciated during the last glaciation period

Wisconsin glaciation

The last glacial period was the most recent glacial period within the Quaternary glaciation, occurring in the Pleistocene epoch. It began about 110,000 years ago and ended between 10,000 and 15,000 Before Present....
. The province's highest point at 1,468 metres (4,816 ft) is located in the Cypress Hills. The lowest point is the shore of Lake Athabasca, at 213 metres (700 ft). The province has fourteen major drainage basin

Drainage basin

A drainage basin is an extent of land where water from rain or snow melt drains downhill into a body of water, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea or ocean....
s made up of various rivers and watersheds draining into the Arctic Ocean

Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic North Pole region, is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceanic divisions....
,Hudson Bay

Hudson Bay

Hudson Bay is a large , relatively shallow body of water in northeastern Canada. It is approximately 850 miles long and 650 miles wide. It drains a very large area that includes parts of Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Alberta, most of Manitoba, parts of North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Montana, and the southeastern area of Nunavut...
, and the Gulf of Mexico

Gulf of Mexico

The Gulf of Mexico is the ninth largest body of water in the world. Considered a smaller part of the Atlantic Ocean, it is an oceanic basin largely surrounded by the North American continent and the island of Cuba....
.

Climate

Saskatchewan lies far from any significant body of water. This, combined with its northerly latitude gives it a cold summer version of humid continental climate

Humid continental climate

The humid continental climate is a climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate climates of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between North Pole and Tropics air masses....
(Köppen type Dfb) in the central and most of the eastern part, drying off to a semi-arid

Semi-arid

A Semi-arid climate or steppe climate generally describes climate regions that receive low annual rainfall . A more precise definition is given by the K?ppen climate classification that treats steppe climates as intermediates between the desert climates and humid climates in ecological characteristics and agricultural potential....
steppe climate (Köppen type BSk) in the southern and southwestern part of the province. The northern parts of Saskatchewan — from about La Ronge

La Ronge, Saskatchewan

La Ronge is a community of about 3500 people in List of communities in Northern Saskatchewan, Canada, 250 km north of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan....
northward — have a subarctic climate

Subarctic climate

Regions having a subarctic climate are characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and short, cool to mild summers. It is found on large landmasses, away from the moderating effects of an ocean, generally at latitudes from 50? to 70?N....
(Köppen Dfc). Summers can be very hot, with temperatures sometimes above 32 °C (90 °F) during the day, and humidity decreasing from northeast to southwest. Warm southern winds blow from the United States

United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
during much of July and August. While winters can be bitterly cold, with high temperatures not breaking -17 °C (0 °F) for weeks at a time, warm chinook winds often blow from the west, bringing periods of mild weather. Annual precipitation averages 30 to 45 centimetres (12 to 18 in) annually across the province, with the bulk of rain falling in June, July, and August.

Average Temperatures in Cities

City	July	January
Estevan	27/13	-9/-20
Flin Flon	23/13	-17/-26
Humboldt	24/11	-12/-23
Lloydminster	23/11	-10/-19
Melfort	24/11	-14/-23
Melville	25/11	-12/-23
Moose Jaw	26/12	-8/-19
North Battleford	24/11	-12/-22
Regina	26/11	-10/-22
Saskatoon	25/11	-12/-22
Swift Current	25/11	-7/-17
Weyburn	26/12	-10/-21
Yorkton	24/11	-13/-23

History

Prior to Europe

Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
an settlement, Saskatchewan was populated by various indigenous peoples of North America including members of the Athabaskan, Algonquian, Atsina, Cree

Cree

Cree is one of the largest group of indigenous peoples in North America, located mainly across Canada and historically in the United States from Minnesota westward but are found today in Montana....
, Saulteaux

Saulteaux

The Saulteaux are a First Nation in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, Canada....
and Sioux

Sioux

Sioux are a Native Americans in the United States and First Nations people. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or any of the nation's many dialects....
tribes. The first European to enter Saskatchewan was Henry Kelsey

Henry Kelsey

Henry Kelsey , aka the Boy Kelsey, was an England fur trader, explorer, and sailor who played an important role in establishing the Hudson's Bay Company....
in 1690, who travelled up the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading fur with the province's indigenous peoples. The first permanent European settlement was a Hudson's Bay Company

Hudson's Bay Company

The Hudson's Bay Company , abbreviated HBC, is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and is one of the oldest in the world. The company was incorporated by British royal charter in 1670 as The Governor and Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson's Bay; it is now domiciled in Canada and has adopted the mo...
post at Cumberland House

Cumberland House, Saskatchewan

Cumberland House is an isolated community in north-eastern Saskatchewan on the Saskatchewan River. It is perhaps best known as being the oldest community in Saskatchewan....
founded by Samuel Hearne

Samuel Hearne

Samuel Hearne, , was born in London, England and did extensive exploration of northern North America.In 1756,he was eleven when he entered the navy , and was some time with Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood; at the end of the Seven Years' War , he took service with the Hudson's Bay Company....
in 1774. In the late 1850s and early 1860s, scientific expeditions led by John Palliser

John Palliser

John Palliser was an Ireland-born geographer and List of explorers. Born in Dublin, Ireland, he was the son of Colonel Wray Palliser and a brother of Major Sir William Palliser , all descendants of Dr William Palliser, Archbishop of Cashel ....
and Henry Youle Hind

Henry Youle Hind

Henry Youle Hind was a Canada geologist and List of explorers. He was born in Nottingham, England, England, and immigrated to Toronto, Ontario, Ontario in 1846....
explored the prairie region of the province.

In the 1870s, the Government of Canada formed the North-West Territories to administer the vast territory between British Columbia

British Columbia

British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's Provinces and territories of Canada and is famed for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu ....
and Manitoba

Manitoba

Manitoba is a prairie provinces in Canada, which has an area of 647,797 square kilometres and a population of 1,207,959 , with more than half located within the Winnipeg Capital Region ....
. The government also entered into a series of numbered treaties with the indigenous peoples of the area, which serve as the basis of the relationship between First Nations

First Nations

First Nations is a term of ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor M?tis people....
, as they are called today, and the Crown.

In 1885, post-Confederation Canada's first "naval battle" was fought in Saskatchewan, when a steamship engaged the Métis

Métis people (Canada)

The M?tis are descendants of marriages of Cree, Inuit, Ojibway, Algonquin, Saulteaux, Menominee, and other indigenous peoples of the Americas to Europeans and other ethnicities from around the world, and are one of three officially-recognized Aboriginal peoples in Canada, the other two being the First Nations and Inuit....
at Batoche in the North-West Rebellion

North-West Rebellion

The North-West Rebellion of 1885 was a brief and unsuccessful Rebellion by the M?tis people people of the District of Saskatchewan under Louis Riel against the Dominion of Canada, which they believed had failed to address their concerns for the survival of their people....
.

A seminal event in the history of what was to become Western Canada was the 1874 "March West" of the federal government's new North-West Mounted Police. Despite poor equipment and lack of provisions, the men on the march persevered and established a federal presence in the new territory. Historians have argued that had this expedition been unsuccessful, then the expansionist United States

Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny is the historical belief that the United States was destined and divinely ordained by God in Christianityto expand across the North American continent, from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific Ocean....
would have been sorely tempted to expand into the political vacuum. And even had it not, then the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway

Canadian Pacific Railway

The Canadian Pacific Railway , known as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a Canada Class I railroad operated by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited....
would have been delayed or taken a different, more northerly route, stunting the early growth of towns like Brandon, Regina, Medicine Hat and Calgary — had these existed at all. Failure to construct the railway could also have forced British Columbia

British Columbia

British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's Provinces and territories of Canada and is famed for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu ....
to join the United States.

Settlement of the province started to take off as the Canadian Pacific Railway was built in the early 1880s, and the Canadian government divided up the land by the Dominion Land Survey

Dominion Land Survey

The Dominion Land Survey is the method used to divide most of Western Canada into one-square-mile sections for agricultural and other purposes....
and gave free land to any willing settlers.

The North-West Mounted Police set up several posts and forts across Saskatchewan including Fort Walsh

Fort Walsh

Fort Walsh National Historic Site of Canada is a part of the Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park. As a National historic site the area possesses national historical significance....
in the Cypress Hills, and Wood Mountain Post in south central Saskatchewan near the United States border.

In 1876, following the Battle of Little Bighorn Lakota

Lakota

The Lakota are a Native Americans in the United States tribe. They are part of a confederation of seven related Sioux tribes and speak Lakota language, one of the three major dialects of the Sioux language....
chief Sitting Bull

Sitting Bull

Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota people Sioux holy man, born near the Grand River in South Dakota and killed by reservation police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him and prevent him from supporting the Ghost Dance movement....
led several thousand of his people to Wood Mountain. Wood Mountain Reserve was founded in 1914.

Many Métis people, who had not been signatories to a treaty, had moved to the Southbranch Settlement

Southbranch Settlement

Southbranch Settlement was the name ascribed to a series of French Metis settlements on the Canadian prairies in the 19th Century, in what is today the province of Saskatchewan....
and Prince Albert

Prince Albert, Saskatchewan

Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is situated in the centre of the province on the banks along the Saskatchewan River....
district north of present-day Saskatoon following the Red River Resistance in Manitoba in 1870. In the early 1880s, the Canadian government refused to hear the Métis' grievances, which stemmed from land-use issues. Finally, in 1885, the Métis, led by Louis Riel

Louis Riel

Louis David Riel was a Politics of Canada, a founder of the province of Manitoba, and leader of the M?tis people people of the Canadian prairies....
, staged the North-West Rebellion

North-West Rebellion

Canadian Prairies

The Canadian Prairies is a list of regions of Canada of Canada, specifically in Western Canada, which may correspond to several different definitions, natural or political....
by the new Canadian Pacific Railway. Riel surrendered and was convicted of treason in a packed Regina courtroom. He was hanged on November 16, 1885.

As more settlers came to the prairies on the railway, the population grew, and Saskatchewan became a province on September 1, 1905; inauguration day was held September 4.

The Homestead Act permitted settlers to acquire ¼ mi² of land to homestead and offered an additional quarter upon establishing a homestead. Immigration peaked in 1910, and in spite of the initial difficulties of frontier life, distance from towns, sod homes, and backbreaking labour, a prosperous agrarian society was established.

In 1913, the was established as Saskatchewan's first ranchers' organization. Three objectives were laid out at the founding convention in 1913 have served as a guide: to watch over legislation; to forward the interests of the Stock Growers in every honourable and legitimate way; and to suggest to parliament legislation to meet changing conditions and requirements. Its farming equivalent, the Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association, was the dominant political force in the province until the 1920s and had close ties with the governing Liberal party.

In the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan is the name of several past and present secret domestic militant organizations in the United States, originating in the southern states and eventually having national scope, that are best known for advocating white supremacy and acting as terrorists while hidden behind conical hats, masks and white robes....
imported from the U.S. and Ontario and gained brief popularity in WASP

White Anglo-Saxon Protestant

White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, commonly abbreviated to the acronym WASP, is a sociology and culture pejorative ethnonym that originated in the United States of America....
nativist circles in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Klan, briefly allied with the provincial Conservative party because of their mutual dislike for Premier James G. "Jimmy" Gardiner and his Liberals (who ferociously fought the Klan) enjoyed about two years of prominence, then disappeared, the victim of widespread political and media opposition plus scandals involving their own funds.

In 1970, the first annual Canadian Western Agribition was held in Regina. This farm industry trade show, with a heavy emphasis on livestock, is rated as one of the five top livestock shows in North America, along with those in Houston

Houston, Texas

Houston is the fourth-largest city in the United States of America and the largest city within the state of Texas. As of the 2007 U.S. Census estimate, the city has a population of 2.2 million within an area of 600 square miles ....
, Denver

Denver, Colorado

Denver is the Capital and the Colorado municipalities of the state of Colorado, in the United States. Denver is a consolidated city-county located in the South Platte River on the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains....
, Louisville

Louisville, Kentucky

Louisville is Kentucky's largest city and county seat of Jefferson County, Kentucky. The city's estimated population as of 2006 is listed as 557,789, with a population of 1,233,733 in the Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area....
and Toronto

Toronto

Toronto is the List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population in Canada and the Provinces and territories of Canada Provincial and territorial capitals of Canada of Ontario....
.

Demographics

According to the 2006 Canadian census, the largest ethnic group in Saskatchewan is German (30.0%), followed by English

English people

The English are a nation and ethnic group native to England who speak English language in England. The English identity as a people is of early medieval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Anglecynn....
(26.5%), Scottish

Scottish people

The Scots people are a nation and an ethnic group indigenous to Scotland.Historically, as an ethnic group, they emerged from an amalgamation of Celts, Picts, Gaels and Brythons....
(19.2%), Irish

Irish people

The Irish people are a Western European ethnic group who originate in Ireland, in north western Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolgs, Tuatha D? Danann and the Milesians ?the last group supposedly representing the "pure" Gaelic a...
(15.3%), Ukrainian (13.6%), French

French people

French people can refer to:* The legal residents and citizens of France, regardless of ancestry. For a legal discussion, see French nationality law....
(12.4%), First Nations

First Nations

First Nations is a term of ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor M?tis people....
(12.1%), Norwegian

Norwegian people

Norwegians See also History of Norway and Demography of Norway.There are about 4.4 million ethnic Norwegians living in Norway today. The Norwegians are a Scandinavian ethnic group, descendants of the Norsemen , and Celts....
(7.2%), Polish (6.0%), Métis

Métis people (Canada)

Dutch people

The Dutch are the people native to the Netherlands, a country in north-western Europe.Dutch people, or descendants of Dutch people, are also found in migrant communities world wide,See the Dutch #Dutch diaspora. and form a mentionable part of the population of Canada,Australia, South Africa and the United States....
(3.7%), Russian (3.7%) and Swedish

Swedish people

Swedes are people from Sweden or of Swedish decent. Unlike the United States, United Kingdom, and Australian Censuses, Statistics Sweden does not classify the Swedish population by race or ethnicity....
(3.5%) - although 18.1% of all respondents also identified their ethnicity as "Canadian".

Year	Population	Five-year % change	Ten-year % change	Rank among provinces
1901	91,279	n/a	n/a	8
1911	492,432	n/a	439.5	3
1921	757,510	n/a	53.8	3
1931	921,785	n/a	21.7	3
1941	895,992	n/a
3
1951	831,728	n/a
5
1956	880,665	5.9	n/a	5
1961	925,181	5.1	11.2	5
1966	955,344	3.3	8.5	6
1971	926,242
0.1	6
1976	921,325
3.6	6
1981	968,313	5.1	4.5	6
1986	1,009,613	4.3	9.6	6
1991	988,928
2.1	6
1996	976,615
6
2001	978,933	0.2
6
2006	985,386	0.7	0.9	6

Religion

The largest denominations by number of adherents according to the 2001 census were the Roman Catholic Church

Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic Church, officially known as the Catholic Church is the world's largest Christianity Ecclesia , representing over half of all Christians and one-sixth of the world population....
with 286,815 (30 %); the United Church of Canada

United Church of Canada

The United Church of Canada, one of the largest Christian churches in Canada, is an evangelical Protestant denomination with strong Methodist and Presbyterian roots....
with 187,450 (20 %); and the Lutherans

Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada

The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada is Canada's largest Lutheran denomination, with 182,077 baptized members in 624 congregations. It is a member of the Lutheran World Federation, the Canadian Council of Churches, and the World Council of Churches....
with 78,520 (8 %).

Economy

Saskatchewan's economy is associated with agriculture

Agriculture

Agriculture refers to the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of civilization, with the animal husbandry of domestication animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more Population density and Social stratification societies....
; however, increasing diversification has meant that now agriculture, forestry

Forestry

Forestry is the art and science of managing forests, tree plantations, and related natural resources. Silviculture, a related science, involves the growing and tending of trees and forests....
, fishing

Fishing

Fishing is the activity of catching fish. Fishing techniques include Fish net, Fish trap, Spearfishing, angling and Gathering seafood by hand. The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as different types of shellfish, squid, octopus, turtles, Edible frog and some edible marine invertebrates....
, and hunting

Hunting

Hunting is the practice of pursuing living animals for food, recreation, or trade. In present-day use, the term refers to lawful hunting, as distinguished from poaching, which is the killing, trapping or capture of the hunted species contrary to law....
together make up only 6.8% of the province's GDP. Saskatchewan grows 45% of Canada's grain. Wheat

Wheat

Wheat , is a worldwide cultivated Poaceae from the Levant region of the Middle East. Globally, after maize, wheat is the second most-produced food among the cereal just above rice....
is the most familiar crop and perhaps the one stereotypically associated with the province, but other grains like canola

Canola

Canola is one of two cultivars of rapeseed or Field mustard . Their seeds are used to produce edible oil that is fit for human consumption because it has lower levels of erucic acid than traditional rapeseed oils and to produce livestock feed because it has reduced levels of the toxin glucosin....
, flax

Flax

Flax is a member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae. It is native to the region extending from the eastern Mediterranean region to India and was probably first domesticated in the Fertile Crescent....
, rye

Rye

Rye is a Poaceae grown extensively as a grain and forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe and is closely related to barley and wheat. Rye grain is used for flour, rye bread, rye beer, some rye whiskey, some vodkas, and animal fodder....
, oat

Oat

The common oat is a species of Cereal Agriculture for its seed, which is known by the same name . While oats are suitable for human consumption as oatmeal and rolled oats, one of the most common uses is as livestock feed....
s, pea

Pea

A pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the legume Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas. Although treated as a vegetable in cooking, it is botanically a fruit....
s, lentil

Lentil

The lentil or daal or pulse is a bushy annual plant of the Fabaceae family, grown for its lens-shaped seeds. It is about 15 inches tall and the seeds grow in pods, usually with two seeds in each....
s, canary seed, and barley

Barley

Barley is an annual plant cereal grain derived from the grass Hordeum vulgare. It serves as a major animal feed crop, with smaller amounts used for malting and in health food, as well as the making of alcoholic beverages beer and whisky....
are also produced. Beef cattle production in the province is only exceeded by Alberta. Mining

Mining

Mining is the extraction of value minerals or other geology materials from the earth, usually from an ore body, vein or seam. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, Sodium chloride and potash....
is also a major industry in the province, with Saskatchewan being the world leader in potash

Potash

Potash is the common name given to potassium carbonate and various mined and manufactured salts that contain the element potassium in water-soluble form....
and uranium

Uranium

Uranium is a silvery-gray metallic chemical element in the actinide series of the periodic table that has the chemical symbol U and atomic number 92....
exports. In the northern part of the province, forestry is significant.

Oil

Oil

An oil is a chemical substance that is in a viscosity liquid state at room temperature or slightly warmer, and is both hydrophobic and lipophilic ....
and natural gas

Natural gas

Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
production is also a very important part of Saskatchewan's economy, although the oil industry is larger. Only Alberta exceeds the province in overall oil production. Heavy crude is extracted in the Lloydminster-Kerrobert-Kindersley areas. Light crude is found in the Kindersley-Swift Current areas as well as the Weyburn-Estevan fields. Natural gas is found almost entirely in the western part of Saskatchewan, from the Primrose Lake area through Lloydminster, Unity, Kindersley, Leader, and around Maple Creek areas.

Saskatchewan's GDP in 2006 was approximately C$45.922 billion, with economic sectors breaking down in the following way:

%	Sector
17.1	finance, insurance, real estate, leasing
13.0	mining, petroleum
11.9	education, health, social services
11.7	wholesale and retail trade
9.1	transportation, communications, utilities
7.7	manufacturing
6.8	agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting
6.5	business services
5.8	government services
5.1	construction
5.3	other

A list of the companies includes The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, Federated Cooperatives Ltd. and IPSCO.

Major Saskatchewan-based Crown corporations are Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI)

Saskatchewan Government Insurance

Created in 1945, Saskatchewan Government Insurance is a provincial Crown corporation that has been developed over the years into two linked operations....
, SaskTel

SaskTel

Saskatchewan Telecommunications is a provincial Crown Corporation operating under the authority of the Saskatchewan Telecommunications Act.SaskTel provides telecommunications services to 13 cities, 535 smaller communities and surrounding rural areas, including 49,000 farms....
, SaskEnergy

SaskEnergy

SaskEnergy is a Crown corporation of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan which delivers natural gas to 92% of the province through a 65,000 kilometre distribution system to over 327,000 customers....
(the province's main supplier of natural gas), and SaskPower

SaskPower

SaskPower is the principal supplier of electricity in Saskatchewan, Canada.A Crown corporation owned by the Government of Saskatchewan, SaskPower has the exclusive right and the exclusive obligation to supply electricity in the province, except in the city of Swift Current and most of the city of Saskatoon....
. Bombardier

Bombardier

Bombardier Inc. is a Canadian companies list of conglomerates, founded by Joseph-Armand Bombardier as L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limit?e in 1942, at Valcourt , Quebec in the Eastern Townships, Quebec....
runs the NATO Flying Training Centre at 15 Wing, near Moose Jaw. Bombardier was awarded a long-term contract in the late 1990s for $2.8 billion from the federal government

Politics of Canada

The politics of Canada function within a framework of constitutional monarchy and a federation of Parliament of Canada with strong Democracy traditions....
for the purchase of military aircraft and the running of the training facility.

Provincial finances

Fiscal Year	Population²	Public Debt³	Budget Surplus	GFSF Balance	Pers. Inc. Tax Revenue	Corp. Inc./Cap. Tax Revenue	Sales tax Revenue	Resource Revenue	Health Expense
2009¹	N/A	4,146,880	2,318,200	1,952,200	2,095,100⁴	1,120,600	1,087,300	4,394,800	3,825,333
2008	1,012,044	6,824,323	1,282,869	1,528,934	1,938,258	1,104,245	995,995	2,325,116	3,504,333
2007	992,238	7,244,938	397,394	887,500	1,668,538	1,067,459	1,079,794	1,694,252	3,202,965
2006	985,386	7,197,223	539,466	887,500	1,447,905	918,279	1,112,350	1,721,100	2,990,625
2005	991,884	7,545,574	765,117	748,500	1,329,081	638,968	985,079	1,474,191	2,773,961
2004	N/A	8,031,637
366,000	1,245,763	682,052	854,480	1,140,962	2,515,823
2003	N/A	7,821,426	82,860	577,000	1,429,757	557,360	813,932	1,243,649	2,342,835
2002	N/A	7,561,899
495,000	1,196,410	508,542	770,984	903,044	2,199,723

The Tabulated Data covers the previous fiscal year (e.g. 2008 covers April 1, 2007 - March 31, 2008). All data is in $1,000s.

¹ These values reflect estimates made after the mid-year fiscal update (April 1 - September 30).

² These values reflect the estimated population at the end of the previous fiscal year.

³ These values reflect the debt of the General Revenue Fund alone. It does not reflect the debt of Government Service Organizations (Health Authorities, Crop Insurance Corporation, etc.) or Government Service Enterprises (Crown Corporations).

⁴ This value does not reflect a $334,000 personal income tax cut announced on October 21, 2008.

Source: Government of Saskatchewan.

Government and politics

Saskatchewan has the same form of government as the other Canadian provinces with a lieutenant-governor

Lieutenant-Governor (Canada)

In Canada, the Lieutenant-Governor , is the Monarchy of Canada's representative in a Provinces and territories of Canada, much as the Governor General of Canada is the sovereign's representative in the federal jurisdiction....
(who is the representative of the Crown in Right of Saskatchewan

Monarchy in Saskatchewan

The Monarchy in Saskatchewan is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the Sovereignty and head of state of the Canada Provinces and territories of Canada of Saskatchewan, forming the core of the province's Westminster system Parliamentary system democracy....
), premier

Premier

A premier is a title for the head of government in some countries.In many nations, the title "premier" is used interchangeably with "prime minister": for example, the "Italy Premier" is the same person as the "Italian President of the Council of Ministers"....
, and a unicameral legislature

Legislature

Legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to create and change laws. The law created by a legislature is called legislation or statutory law....
.

For many years, Saskatchewan has been one of Canada's more progressive provinces, reflecting many of its citizens' feelings of alienation from the interests of large capital. In 1944 Tommy Douglas

Tommy Douglas

Thomas Clement "Tommy" Douglas, Queen's Privy Council for Canada, Order of Canada, Saskatchewan Order of Merit was a Scotland-born Baptist minister who became a prominent Canada Social democracy politician....
became premier of the first avowedly socialist

Socialism

Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating public or state ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods, and a society characterized by equality for all individuals, with a fair or Egalitarianism method of compensation....
regional government in North America. Most of his Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) represented rural and small-town ridings. Under his Cooperative Commonwealth Federation government, Saskatchewan became the first province to have Medicare

Medicare (Canada)

The term medicare is the unofficial name for Canada's universal health care. The formal terminology for the insurance system is provided by the Canada Health Act and the health insurance legislation of the individual provinces and territories....
. In 1961, Douglas left provincial politics to become the first leader of the federal New Democratic Party

New Democratic Party

The New Democratic Party is a political party in Canada with a progressivism social democracy philosophy that contests elections at both the federal and provincial levels....
.

Provincial politics in Saskatchewan is dominated by the New Democrats and the Saskatchewan Party

Saskatchewan Party

The Saskatchewan Party is a centre-right political party in the Canada Provinces and territories of Canada of Saskatchewan. The party was established in 1997 by a coalition of former Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan and Saskatchewan Liberal Party party members and supporters who sought to remove the Saskatchewan New Democratic...
. Numerous smaller political parties also run candidates in provincial elections, including the Liberal Party, the Green Party

Green Party of Saskatchewan

The Green Party of Saskatchewan is a left-leaning Green Party political party in the Canada province of Saskatchewan.It was founded in 1998 as the New Green Alliance by environmental and social justice activists frustrated by the social democratic Saskatchewan New Democratic Party's move to the right under Roy Romanow....
and the Progressive Conservative Party

Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan

The Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan is a right-of-centre political party in the Canada province of Saskatchewan. Prior to 1942, it was known as the Conservative Party of Saskatchewan....
, but none is currently represented in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan

The 25th Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan was in power from 2003 until November 20, 2007. It was controlled by the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party under Premier of Saskatchewan Lorne Calvert....
. After 16 years of New Democratic governments under premiers Roy Romanow

Roy Romanow

Roy John Romanow, Queen's Privy Council for Canada, Order of Canada#Officer, Queen's Counsel, Saskatchewan Order of Merit is a Canada politician and former Premier of Saskatchewan ....
and Lorne Calvert

Lorne Calvert

Lorne Albert Calvert, Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan is the former premier of the Canada province of Saskatchewan and current leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition....
, the recent 2007 provincial election

Saskatchewan general election, 2007

The 26th Saskatchewan general election was held on November 7, 2007; the drop the writ on October 10, 2007. The election determined the composition of the 26th Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan....
was won by the Saskatchewan Party under Brad Wall

Brad Wall

Bradley John Wall, Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan is a Canada politician, leader of the Saskatchewan Party, and the current premier of Saskatchewan of Saskatchewan as of November 21, 2007....
.

Federally, the province has been a stronghold of the New Democratic Party, although recent elections have been dominated by the Conservative Party

Conservative Party of Canada

The Conservative Party of Canada , colloquially known as the Tories, is a major political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada....
. Of the 14 federal constituencies in Saskatchewan, 12 were won by members of the Conservative Party of Canada in 2006, and 13 of 14 were won by Conservatives in 2004, while the federal New Democratic Party has been shut out of the province for two consecutive elections. Since the resignation of Gary Merasty

Gary Merasty

Gary Merasty, BEd, MEd, is a Canadian politician and former Liberal Party of Canada Member of Parliament for Desneth?Missinippi?Churchill River in northern Saskatchewan....
from the House of Commons, the only Liberal Member of Parliament in the province is former Finance Minister Ralph Goodale

Ralph Goodale

Ralph Edward Goodale, Queen's Privy Council for Canada, Member of Parliament was Canada's Minister of Finance from 2003 to 2006 and continues to be a Liberal Party of Canada Member of Parliament....
.

Politically, the province is characterized by a dramatic urban

Urban area

An urban area is an area with an increased Population density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be city, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlet ....
-rural

Rural

Rural areas are large and isolated areas of a country, often with low populations. Today, 75 percent of the United States' inhabitants live in suburban and urban areas, but cities occupy only 2 percent of the country....
split — the federal and provincial New Democratic Party dominate in the cities, while the Saskatchewan Party and the federal Conservatives are stronger in the rural parts of the province. While both Saskatoon and Regina (Saskatchewan's largest cities) are roughly twice the population of an urban riding in Canada, both are split into multiple ridings that blend them with rural communities.

Municipalities

Ten largest municipalities by population

Municipality	1996	2001	2006	2008
Saskatoon	193,653	196,861	202,340
Regina Regina, Saskatchewan Regina is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. The city is the second largest in the province , and is a cultural and commercial metropole for both southern Saskatchewan and adjacent areas in the neighbouring American states of North Dakota and Montana....	180,404	178,225	179,246	179,248
Prince Albert Prince Albert, Saskatchewan Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is situated in the centre of the province on the banks along the Saskatchewan River....	34,777	34,291	34,138
Moose Jaw Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan Moose Jaw is a city in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada on the Moose Jaw River, 71 km west of Regina, Saskatchewan. Residents of Moose Jaw are known as Moose Javians....	32,973	32,131	32,132
Yorkton Yorkton, Saskatchewan File:YorktonSK.jpgYorkton is a city in the south-east of Saskatchewan, Canada, near the Manitoba border. The Yorkton Short Film and Video Festival has been held there every year since 1947....	15,154	15,107	15,038
Swift Current Swift Current, Saskatchewan Swift Current is a small city in Southwest Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Saskatchewan provincial highway 1 west from Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan and east from Medicine Hat, Alberta....	14,890	14,821	14,946
North Battleford North Battleford, Saskatchewan North Battleford is a small city in west central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located directly across the North Saskatchewan River from the town of Battleford, Saskatchewan....	14,051	13,692	13,190
Estevan Estevan, Saskatchewan Estevan is the eighth largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located at , which is near the southeastern corner of the province. The Souris River runs by the city....	10,752	10,242	10,084
Weyburn Weyburn, Saskatchewan Weyburn is a city in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located on the Souris River southeast of the provincial capital of Regina, Saskatchewan and is north of the border with the United States....	9,723	9,534	9,433
Corman Park Corman Park No. 344, Saskatchewan The Rural Municipality of Corman Park No. 344, Saskatchewan is located around the city of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. R.M. of Corman Park No. 344 started as a 3 x 3 township square RM, and expanded to a very large R.M....	7,142	8,043	8,349

This list does not include Lloydminster

Lloydminster

Lloydminster is a Canada city which has the unusual geography distinction of straddling a provincial border. Unlike most such cases , Lloydminster is not a pair of twin cities on opposite sides of a border which merely share the same name, but is actually incorporated as a single city with a single municipal administration....
, which has a total population of 24,028 but straddles the Alberta-Saskatchewan border. As of 2006, only 8,118 people lived on the Saskatchewan side, which would make it Saskatchewan's 11th largest municipality. All of the listed communities are considered cities by the province, with the exception of Corman Park, which is a rural municipality. Municipalities in the province with a population of 5,000 or more can receive official city status.

Education

The first education on the prairies was learned within the family group of the first nation or early fur trading family settlers. There were only a few missionary or trading post schools established in Rupert's Land

Rupert's Land

Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land", was a territory in British North America, consisting of the List of Hudson Bay rivers, that was owned by the Hudson's Bay Company for 200 years from 1670 to 1870....
later known as the North West Territories

Territorial evolution of Canada

This is a timeline of the territorial evolution of the borders of Canada, listing each change to the internal and external borders of the country....
.

The first 76 North West Territories school districts and the first Board of Education meeting formed in 1886. The pioneering boom formed ethnic bloc settlements

Block Settlement

A block settlement is particular type of land distribution which allows settlers with the same ethnicity to form small colonies. They are the rural equivalent to urban List of named ethnic enclaves in North American cities....
. Communities were seeking education for their children similar to the schools of their home land. Log cabins, and dwellings were constructed for the assembly of the community, school, church, dances and meetings.

The roaring twenties

Roaring Twenties

Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the 1920s, principally in North America, that emphasizes the period's social, artistic, and cultural dynamism....
and established farmers who have successfully proved up on their homesteads helped provide funding to standardize education. Text books, normal schools for formally educated teachers, school curricula, state of the art school house architectural plans, provided continuity throughout the province. English as the school language helped to provide economic stability because one community could communicate with another and goods could be traded and sold in a common language. The number of one-room school house districts across Saskatchewan totalled approximately 5,000 at the height of the one-room school house educational system in the late 1940s.

Following World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
, the transition from many one room school houses to fewer and larger consolidated modern technological town and city schools occurred as a means of ensuring technical education. School buses, highways, and family vehicles create ease and accessibility of a population shift to larger towns and cities. Combines and tractors mean that the farmer could successfully manage more than a quarter section of land, so there was a shift from family farms and subsistence crops to cash crops grown on many sections of land.

School vouchers have been newly proposed as a means of allowing competition between rural schools and making the operation of co-operative schools practicable in rural areas.

Provincial symbols

Flag

Saskatchewan's flag was officially dedicated on September 22, 1969. The flag features the Armorial Bearing (Coat-of-Arms) in the upper quarter nearest the staff, with the floral emblem, the Prairie Lily, in the fly. The upper green (in forest green) half of the flag represents the northern Saskatchewan forest lands, while the gold lower half symbolizes the southern prairie wheat fields. A province-wide competition was held to design the flag, and drew over 4,000 entries. The winning design was by Anthony Drake, then living in Hodgeville

Hodgeville, Saskatchewan

Hodgeville is a village in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, located approximately 34 km south of the Trans Canada Highway, 97 km southeast of Swift Current....
.

Saskatchewan's heraldic shield contains a red lion on a yellow field, reversing the conventional heraldic colours, indicating the prairie fires of this region during the pre-settlement North-West Territories.

Tartan

Saskatchewan's official tartan

Tartan

Tartan is a pattern consisting of criss-crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colours. Tartans originated in woven cloth, now used in many other materials....
was registered with the Court of Lord Lyon King of Arms in Scotland

Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
in 1961. It has seven colours: gold, brown, green, red, yellow, white and black.

Centennial celebrations

In 2005, Saskatchewan celebrated its centennial. To honour it the Royal Canadian Mint

Royal Canadian Mint

The Royal Canadian Mint produces all of Canada's circulation coins, and manufactures circulation coins on behalf of other nations. The mint also designs and manufactures: collector coins; gold, silver, palladium, and platinum bullion coins; customized medals, token s, trade dollar watches, and, for a brief time, high end jewellery featurin...
issued a commemorative five-dollar coin depicting Canada's wheat fields as well as a circulation 25-cent coin

Quarter (Canadian coin)

The quarter is a Canadian coin, valued at 25 cent s or one-fourth of a Canadian dollar. It is a small, circular coin of silver colour. According to the Royal Canadian Mint, the official name for the coin is the 25-cent piece, but in practice the term quarter is nearly universal....
of a similar design. Queen Elizabeth II

Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom

Elizabeth II is the queen regnant of sixteen independent states known as the Commonwealth realms: Monarchy of the United Kingdom, Monarchy of Canada, Monarchy of Australia, Monarchy of New Zealand, Monarchy of Jamaica, Monarchy of Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Monarchy of the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Sain...
and the Duke of Edinburgh

Duke of Edinburgh

The Duke of Edinburgh is a dukedom associated with Edinburgh, Scotland. There have been three creations since 1726 . The current holder is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, the husband of and royal consort to Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom....
visited Regina, Saskatoon and Lumsden

Lumsden, Saskatchewan

Lumsden is a town in the Qu'Appelle Valley in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, 31 km northwest of Regina, Saskatchewan. The town functions as both a farming community and an unofficial suburb of Regina....
, and the Saskatchewan-reared Joni Mitchell

Joni Mitchell

Joni Mitchell, Order of Canada is a Canada musician, songwriter, and Painting.Mitchell began singing in small nightclubs in her native Western Canada and then busking on the streets of Toronto....
issued an album in Saskatchewan's honour.

Healthcare

Saskatchewan's medical health system is widely and inaccurately characterised as "socialized medicine": medical practitioners in Saskatchewan, as in other Canadian provinces, are not civil servants but remit their accounts to the publicly funded Saskatchewan Medical Care Insurance Plan rather than to patients. Unlike in Medicare in Australia

Medicare (Australia)

Medicare is Australia's publicly-funded universal health care system, operated by the government authority Medicare Australia. Medicare is intended to provide affordable treatment by doctors and in public hospitals for all resident citizens and permanent residents except for those on Norfolk Island....
and private medicine in the UK, Saskatchewan sets a statutory tariff for medical services which may not be exceeded.

Popular culture

Canadian television sitcoms Corner Gas
Corner Gas

Corner Gas is a Television in Canada television sitcom created by Brent Butt. It airs on CTV Television Network in Canada, WGN America in the United States, and Special Broadcasting Service in Australia....
and Little Mosque on the Prairie
Little Mosque on the Prairie

Little Mosque on the Prairie is a Canada sitcom on CBC Television, created by Zarqa Nawaz and produced by WestWind Pictures. It is shot in Toronto and Regina, Saskatchewan....
, are both set in small Saskatchewan towns. The novels of W. O. Mitchell

W. O. Mitchell

William Ormond Mitchell, Queen's Privy Council for Canada , Order of Canada , Doctor of Letters better known as W.O. Mitchell was a Canada writer....
, Sinclair Ross

Sinclair Ross

James Sinclair Ross, Order of Canada was a Canadian banker and author, best known for his fiction about life in the Canadian prairies.Ross was born on a Homesteading near Shellbrook, Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan....
, Frederick Philip Grove

Frederick Philip Grove

The Canadian author Frederick Philip Grove was actually a Germany-Canada author after the fact: he was born Felix Paul Greve in Radomno, West Prussia , and grew up in Hamburg....
, Guy Vanderhaeghe

Guy Vanderhaeghe

Guy Clarence Vanderhaeghe, Order of Canada, Saskatchewan Order of Merit, is a Canada fiction author.Born in Esterhazy, Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Vanderhaeghe received his Bachelor of Arts degree with great distinction in 1971, High Honours in History in 1972 and Master of Arts in History in 1975, all from the University of Saskatchewan....
, Michael Helm

Michael Helm

Michael Helm is a Canada novelist. Helm was born in Eston, Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, and studied literature at the University of Toronto after receiving a degree in English at the University of Saskatchewan....
and Gail Bowen

Gail Bowen

Gail Dianne Bowen, n?e Bartholomew is a Canada playwright and writer of Mystery fiction novels.Born in Toronto, Ontario, Ontario, Bowen was educated at the University of Toronto, the University of Waterloo and the University of Saskatchewan....
are also frequently set in Saskatchewan, as are children's novels of Farley Mowatt. The English naturalist "Grey Owl

Grey Owl

Grey Owl was the name Archibald Belaney adopted when he took upon a First Nations identity as an adult. He was a writer and became one of Canada's first Conservation ethic....
" spent much of his life living and studying in what is now Prince Albert National Park

Prince Albert National Park

Prince Albert National Park covers 3,874 km? in central Saskatchewan, Canada and is located 200 kilometres north of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Though declared a national park March 24, 1927, it had its official opening ceremeonies on August 10, 1928 performed by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King....
.

The Arrogant Worms

The Arrogant Worms

The Arrogant Worms are a Canada musical comedy trio that parodies many musical genres. They are well known for their humorous on-stage banter in addition to their music....
song The Last Saskatchewan Pirate about a disgruntled farmer who takes up piracy on the namesake river, mentions various parts of the Province such as Saskatoon, Regina and Moose Jaw. Popular Québécois

Québécois

The French language word 'Qu?b?cois' I would now like to ask you about your ethnic ancestry, heritage or background. What were the ethnic or cultural origins of your ancestors? 2) In addition to "Canadian", what were the other ethnic or cultural origins of your ancestors on first coming to North America?" This survey did not list possibl...
band Les Trois Accords

Les Trois Accords

Les Trois Accords is a rock/pop band from Drummondville, Quebec, Quebec. The band launched its first album Gros Mammouth Album in 2003. Some of the notable songs, taken from that album, include "Hawa?enne", "Saskatchewan" and "Lucille"....
recorded a song in French

French language

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
called Saskatchewan on their first album Gros Mammouth Album

Gros Mammouth Album

Gros Mammouth Album is the first album by Qu?b?cois rock/pop band Les Trois Accords released in 2003 and re-released in 2004 as Gros Mammouth Album Turbo featuring two new tracks, 'Loin d'ici' and 'Turbo sympathique'....
. It was the third single of that album and met moderate success in French Canada

French Canada

French Canada is a term to distinguish the French-speaking population of Canada from English Canada....
.

The Saskatchewan Roughriders

Saskatchewan Roughriders

The Saskatchewan Roughriders are a Canadian Football League team based in Regina, Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, founded in 1910 in sports. They play their home games at Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field....
are the province's only major professional sports franchise, and are extremely popular across Saskatchewan. The team's fans are also found to congregate on game days throughout Canada, and collectively they are known as "Rider Nation".

Arts and culture

Museums and galleries

MacKenzie Art Gallery
Norman MacKenzie Art Gallery

The Norman MacKenzie Art Gallery is located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. The MacKenzie Art Gallery has over 100,000 square feet of space, with eight galleries totaling 24,000 square feet....
Mendel Art Gallery
Mendel Art Gallery

File:MendelSaskatoon.jpgFile:ThroughTheGateMendel.jpgThe Mendel Art Gallery is a major creative cultural centre in City Park, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, opened in 1964....
Shurniak Art Gallery
RCMP Heritage Centre
RCMP Heritage Centre

The RCMP Heritage Centre was officially opened May 23, 2007 in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is owned and operated by an independent nonprofit organization called the Mounted Police Heritage Centre and showcases a number of exhibits featuring the collection of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police....
Saskatchewan Western Development Museum
Saskatchewan Western Development Museum

The Saskatchewan Western Development Museum is a network of four museums in Saskatchewan, Canada preserving and recording the social and economic development of the Provinces and territories of Canada....

Artist-Run centres

AKA Gallery
PAVED Arts
PAVED Arts

PAVED Arts is a new media art Artist run centre located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada that focuses on what it calls the 'PAVED Arts' arts: photography, audio, video, electronic and digital....
Neutral Ground Artist-Run Centre and Soil Digital Media Suite, Regina
The Gallery on Sherbrooke, Wolseley
Wolseley

Wolseley can refer to:...

Artists

Dr William Hobbs, prairie and railways painter.
Joe Fafard
Joe Fafard

Joseph Fafard is a Canada Sculpture.Born in Sainte-Marthe, Saskatchewan, he received a B.S.A from the University of Manitoba in 1966 and a M.F.A....
, sculptor
Rod and Denyse Simair, crystalline porceline artists, winners of multiple worldwide awards

Law and order

Police agencies

Estevan Police Service
File Hills First Nation Police Service
Luseland Police Service
Moose Jaw Police Service
Prince Albert Police Service
Regina Police Service
Regina Police Service

Regina Police Service, formed in 1892, is the municipal police force for the City of Regina, Saskatchewan.During the late 1890?s, Regina was capital of the Northwest Territories, though not more than a collection of frame buildings and tents....
RM of Corman Park Police Service
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Royal Canadian Mounted Police

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is the federal police, national police, and paramilitary police force of Canada, and one of the most recognized of its kind in the world....
Saskatoon Police Service
Saskatoon Police Service

Saskatoon Police Service is the municipal police force in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Police Chief Clive Weighill is currently the head of the force....
Weyburn Police Service

Correctional facilities

* Pine Grove Correctional Centre

Prince Albert Correctional Centre
Regina Correctional Centre
Regina Paul Dojack Youth Centre
Saskatchewan Penitentiary
Saskatoon correctional centre
Saskatoon Correctional Centre

The Saskatoon Correctional Centre is an adult male, provincial prison located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is one of four provincial correctional centres in the province including the Regina Correctional Centre, the Prince Albert Correctional Centre and the only female institution, the Pine Grove Correctional Centre....
Saskatoon Kilburn Hall

Saskatchewan

Geography

Climate

Average Temperatures in Cities

History

Demographics

Religion

Economy

Provincial finances

Government and politics

Municipalities

Education

Provincial symbols

Flag

Tartan

Centennial celebrations

Healthcare

Popular culture

Arts and culture

Law and order

See also

External links