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The Sarawat Mountains or the Sarat is a mountain range
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
 running parallel to the western coast of the Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula , Arabia, Arabistan, and the Arabian subcontinent is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia. The area is an important part of the Middle East and plays a critically important geopolitics role because of its vast reserves of petroleum and natural gas....
 and is among the Peninsula's most prominent geographical features. The Sarawat start from the border of Jordan
Jordan

Jordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern part of the Syrian Desert down to the Gulf of Aqaba....
 in the north to the Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Aden

The Gulf of Aden is located in the Arabian Sea between Yemen on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula and Somalia in the Horn of Africa. In the northwest, it connects with the Red Sea through the Bab-el-Mandeb strait....
 in the south, running through Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA , is an Arab country and the largest country of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south....
 and Yemen
Yemen

Yemen , officially the Republic of Yemen is an Arab country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen has an estimated population of more than 23 million people and is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east....
. The range's northern half, known as Sarat al-Hejaz rarely rises about 2,100 meters, while the middle and southern portions (Sarat 'Asir
'Asir

?Asir is a provinces of Saudi Arabia of Saudi Arabia located in the southwest of the country. It has an area of 81,000 km? and an estimated population of 1,563,000....
 and Sarat al-Yemen
Yemen

Yemen , officially the Republic of Yemen is an Arab country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen has an estimated population of more than 23 million people and is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east....
, respectively) can reach heights of over 3,300 meters.

Geologically, the Sarawat are part of the Arabian Shield, and are made up mostly of volcanic rock
Volcanic rock

Volcanic rock is an igneous rock of Volcano origin.Texture Volcanic rocks are usually fine-grained or aphanitic to glassy in texture....
.






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The Sarawat Mountains or the Sarat is a mountain range
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
 running parallel to the western coast of the Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula , Arabia, Arabistan, and the Arabian subcontinent is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia. The area is an important part of the Middle East and plays a critically important geopolitics role because of its vast reserves of petroleum and natural gas....
 and is among the Peninsula's most prominent geographical features. The Sarawat start from the border of Jordan
Jordan

Jordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern part of the Syrian Desert down to the Gulf of Aqaba....
 in the north to the Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Aden

The Gulf of Aden is located in the Arabian Sea between Yemen on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula and Somalia in the Horn of Africa. In the northwest, it connects with the Red Sea through the Bab-el-Mandeb strait....
 in the south, running through Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA , is an Arab country and the largest country of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south....
 and Yemen
Yemen

Yemen , officially the Republic of Yemen is an Arab country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen has an estimated population of more than 23 million people and is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east....
. The range's northern half, known as Sarat al-Hejaz rarely rises about 2,100 meters, while the middle and southern portions (Sarat 'Asir
'Asir

?Asir is a provinces of Saudi Arabia of Saudi Arabia located in the southwest of the country. It has an area of 81,000 km? and an estimated population of 1,563,000....
 and Sarat al-Yemen
Yemen

Yemen , officially the Republic of Yemen is an Arab country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen has an estimated population of more than 23 million people and is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east....
, respectively) can reach heights of over 3,300 meters.

Geologically, the Sarawat are part of the Arabian Shield, and are made up mostly of volcanic rock
Volcanic rock

Volcanic rock is an igneous rock of Volcano origin.Texture Volcanic rocks are usually fine-grained or aphanitic to glassy in texture....
. The western slopes end abruptly near the Red Sea
Red Sea

The Red Sea is a salt water inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. The connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb sound and the Gulf of Aden....
 coast, while the eastern side of the mountain range slopes downward more gently and is intersected by wadis that support agriculture
Agriculture

Agriculture refers to the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of civilization, with the animal husbandry of domestication animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more Population density and Social stratification societies....
, especially in the southern reaches of the Sarawat, where the mountains face the monsoons.

Among the cities located within the Sarawat are the Muslim
Muslim

:A Muslim , , is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah . Literally, the word means "one who submits "....
 holy city of Mecca
Mecca

Mecca , also spelled Makkah , Makka is a city in Saudi Arabia. Home to the Masjid al-Haram, it is the holy city in Islam and plays an important role in the faith....
, which is located in a valley in approximately the middle of the Sarawat mountain range, and the Yemeni capital, San'a, located near some of the Sarawat's highest peaks.

This mountain range is the largest in the Arabian Penisula, with its highest peak at 3,666 meters in Yemen, near the capital San'a. These mountains are mainly rocky and some can contain vegitation, unlike the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Many of the peaks are fairly young and jagged, but some are smoother from weathering.