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Sapindales
 
 
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Sapindales is a botanical name
Botanical name

A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature and, if the plant is a cultigen, the additional cultivar and/or Group epithets must conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants....
 for an order of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s. Well-known members of Sapindales include citrus
Citrus

Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of the world....
; maple
Maple

Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as Maple. Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or included in the family Sapindaceae....
s, horse-chestnuts, lychee
Lychee

The Lychee , also spelled Litchi or Laichi and Lichu, Chinese language: ??, Hanyu Pinyin: L?zhi, is the sole member of the genus Litchi in the soapberry family Sapindaceae....
s and rambutan
Rambutan

The rambutan is a medium-sized tropical tree in the family Sapindaceae, and the fruit of this tree. It is native to Indonesia and Southeast Asia, although its precise natural distribution is unknown....
s; mango
Mango

Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae....
s and cashew
Cashew

The cashew is a tree in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The plant is native to northeastern Brazil. Its English language name derives from the Portuguese language name for the fruit of the cashew tree, caju, which in turn derives from the indigenous Tupi language name, acaj?....
s; frankincense
Frankincense

Frankincense, also called olibanum , is an Aroma compound resin obtained from trees of the genus Boswellia, particularly Boswellia sacra ....
 and myrrh
Myrrh

Myrrh is a reddish-brown resinous material, the dried Plant sap of a number of trees, but primarily from Commiphora myrrha, native to Yemen, Somalia, the eastern parts of Ethiopia and Commiphora gileadensis, native to Jordan....
; and mahogany
Mahogany

The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored wood, originally the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West Indian or Cuban mahogany....
.

The APG II system
APG II system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in...
 of 2003 includes it in the clade
Clade

A clade is a term used in modern alpha taxonomy, the scientific classification of living and fossil organisms, to describe a monophyletic group, defined as a group consisting of a single common ancestor and all its descendants.The term "monophyletic group" is used in this article in the conventional sense of "an a...
 eurosids II (in rosids
Rosids

In the APG II system for the classification of the angiosperms the name rosids refers to a clade, meaning a monophyletic group of plants. This clade is one of the two main groups in the eudicots, the other being the asterids....
, in eudicots
Eudicots

Eudicots and Eudicotyledons are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors....
) including the following families:

(with "+ ..." = optional segregate of the preceding family)

The Cronquist system
Cronquist system

A list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants . This system was developed by Arthur Cronquist in his texts An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants and The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants ....
 of 1981 used a somewhat different circumscription, including the following families:

The difference with the APG II system is not as large as may appear, as the plants in the families Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae stay in this order at APG II (both included in family Sapindaceae).






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Sapindales is a botanical name
Botanical name

A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature and, if the plant is a cultigen, the additional cultivar and/or Group epithets must conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants....
 for an order of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s. Well-known members of Sapindales include citrus
Citrus

Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of the world....
; maple
Maple

Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as Maple. Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or included in the family Sapindaceae....
s, horse-chestnuts, lychee
Lychee

The Lychee , also spelled Litchi or Laichi and Lichu, Chinese language: ??, Hanyu Pinyin: L?zhi, is the sole member of the genus Litchi in the soapberry family Sapindaceae....
s and rambutan
Rambutan

The rambutan is a medium-sized tropical tree in the family Sapindaceae, and the fruit of this tree. It is native to Indonesia and Southeast Asia, although its precise natural distribution is unknown....
s; mango
Mango

Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae....
s and cashew
Cashew

The cashew is a tree in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The plant is native to northeastern Brazil. Its English language name derives from the Portuguese language name for the fruit of the cashew tree, caju, which in turn derives from the indigenous Tupi language name, acaj?....
s; frankincense
Frankincense

Frankincense, also called olibanum , is an Aroma compound resin obtained from trees of the genus Boswellia, particularly Boswellia sacra ....
 and myrrh
Myrrh

Myrrh is a reddish-brown resinous material, the dried Plant sap of a number of trees, but primarily from Commiphora myrrha, native to Yemen, Somalia, the eastern parts of Ethiopia and Commiphora gileadensis, native to Jordan....
; and mahogany
Mahogany

The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored wood, originally the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West Indian or Cuban mahogany....
.

The APG II system
APG II system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in...
 of 2003 includes it in the clade
Clade

A clade is a term used in modern alpha taxonomy, the scientific classification of living and fossil organisms, to describe a monophyletic group, defined as a group consisting of a single common ancestor and all its descendants.The term "monophyletic group" is used in this article in the conventional sense of "an a...
 eurosids II (in rosids
Rosids

In the APG II system for the classification of the angiosperms the name rosids refers to a clade, meaning a monophyletic group of plants. This clade is one of the two main groups in the eudicots, the other being the asterids....
, in eudicots
Eudicots

Eudicots and Eudicotyledons are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors....
) including the following families:
  • Anacardiaceae
    Anacardiaceae

    Anacardiaceae is a Family of flowering plants bearing fruits that are drupes and in some cases producing urushiol, an Irritation. Its 82 genera include several of economic importance....
  • Biebersteiniaceae
  • Burseraceae
    Burseraceae

    Burseraceae is a moderately sized family of 17-18 genus and about 540 species of flowering plants. The actual numbers differ according to the time period in which a given source is written describing this family....
  • Kirkiaceae
    Kirkiaceae

    Kirkiaceae is a family of flowering plant in the order Sapindales. It comprises two genera, Kirkia and Pleikirkia, totalling six species....
  • Meliaceae
    Meliaceae

    The Meliaceae, or the Mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs in the order Sapindales,They are characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules, and by syncarpous, apparently bisexual flowers borne in panicles, cymes, spikes, or clusters....
  • Nitrariaceae
    Nitrariaceae

    Nitrariaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales. It comprises three genera, Nitraria, Peganum and Tetradiclis, totalling 16 species....
     (+ Peganaceae and Tetradiclidaceae)
  • Rutaceae
    Rutaceae

    Rutaceae, commonly known as the Rue or Citrus family, is a family of plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents....
  • Sapindaceae
    Sapindaceae

    Sapindaceae, also known as the soapberry family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales. There are about 140-150 genera with 1400-2000 species, including maple, Aesculus and lychee....
  • Simaroubaceae
    Simaroubaceae

    The Simaroubaceae is a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off....


(with "+ ..." = optional segregate of the preceding family)

The Cronquist system
Cronquist system

A list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants . This system was developed by Arthur Cronquist in his texts An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants and The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants ....
 of 1981 used a somewhat different circumscription, including the following families:
  • Staphyleaceae
    Staphyleaceae

    Staphyleaceae is a small family of five genera of flowering plants in the order Crossosomatales, native to the Northern Hemisphere and also in South America....
  • Melianthaceae
    Melianthaceae

    The Melianthaceae is a family of flowering plants. The APG II system includes them within the rosid clade. All members of the Melianthaceae proper are trees or shrubs found in tropical and southern Africa....
  • Bretschneideraceae
  • Akaniaceae
    Akaniaceae

    Akaniaceae is a family of flowering plants in order Brassicales. It comprises two monotypic genera, Akania and Bretschneidera....
  • Sapindaceae
    Sapindaceae

    Sapindaceae, also known as the soapberry family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales. There are about 140-150 genera with 1400-2000 species, including maple, Aesculus and lychee....
  • Hippocastanaceae
    Hippocastanaceae

    Hippocastanaceae is the name given to a small group of trees and shrubs, when this group is treated as a familiy. Its most widespread genus is Aesculus ....
  • Aceraceae
    Aceraceae

    Aceraceae is a family of flowering plants also called the Maple Family. It contains two to four genera, depending upon the circumscription, of some 120 species of trees and shrubs....
  • Burseraceae
    Burseraceae

    Burseraceae is a moderately sized family of 17-18 genus and about 540 species of flowering plants. The actual numbers differ according to the time period in which a given source is written describing this family....
  • Anacardiaceae
    Anacardiaceae

    Anacardiaceae is a Family of flowering plants bearing fruits that are drupes and in some cases producing urushiol, an Irritation. Its 82 genera include several of economic importance....
  • Julianiaceae
  • Simaroubaceae
    Simaroubaceae

    The Simaroubaceae is a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off....
  • Cneoraceae
  • Meliaceae
    Meliaceae

    The Meliaceae, or the Mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs in the order Sapindales,They are characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules, and by syncarpous, apparently bisexual flowers borne in panicles, cymes, spikes, or clusters....
  • Rutaceae
    Rutaceae

    Rutaceae, commonly known as the Rue or Citrus family, is a family of plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents....
  • Zygophyllaceae
    Zygophyllaceae

    The Zygophyllaceae, of about 250 species, are a family of flowering plants, also known as the bean-caper or caltrop family.According to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group , the heterogeneous family Zygophyllaceae is unplaced to order, but included in the Eurosids I as a sister to a clade composed of several orders....


The difference with the APG II system is not as large as may appear, as the plants in the families Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae stay in this order at APG II (both included in family Sapindaceae). The species now comprising the family Nitrariaceae in APG II also belonged to this order in the Cronquist system as part of the family Zygophyllaceae, while those now in the family Kirkiaceae were present as part of the family Simaroubaceae.