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Sanhedrin (Talmud)

 

 
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Sanhedrin (Talmud)
 
 
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Sanhedrin (???????) is one of ten tractates of the Nezikin
Nezikin

For Jewish law on damages, see Damages Nezikin or Seder Nezikin is the fourth Seder of the Mishna . It deals largely with Jewish criminal and civil law and the Beth Din....
 (a section of the Talmud
Talmud

The Talmud is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Halakha, Jewish ethics, customs, and history. It is a central text of mainstream Judaism....
 that deals with damages, ie. civil and criminal proceedings). The Gemara
Gemara

The Gemara is the part of the Talmud that contains rabbinical commentaries and analysis of the Mishnah. After the Mishnah was published by Judah haNasi , the work was studied exhaustively by generation after generation of rabbis in Babylonia and the Land of Israel....
 of the tractate is noteworthy as precursors to the development of common law
Common law

Common law refers to law and the corresponding Legal systems of the world developed through legal opinion of courts and similar tribunals , rather than through statute law or Executive ....
 principles .

in the Nezikin, the Sanhedrin focuses on criminal law
Criminal law

The term criminal law, sometimes called penal law, refers to any of various bodies of rules in different jurisdictions whose common characteristic is the potential for unique and often severe impositions as punishment for failure to comply....
 and punishments. The tractate includes eleven chapters, addressing the following topics:
  1. The different levels of courts and which cases each level presides over
  2. Laws of the high priest and Jewish king and their involvement in court proceedings
  3. Civil suits: acceptable witnesses and judges and the general proceedings
  4. The difference between criminal and civil cases, general proceedings in criminal cases
  5. Court procedures, including examination of witnesses and the voting of the judges
  6. Procedures for execution after condemnation, especially stoning
  7. The 4 types of capital punishments, details of crimes which merit stoning
  8. The rebellious son, and other crimes for which the offender is killed before committing the actual prohibition, and the commandments which Jews are to die before violating.
  9. Details of crimes meriting capital punishment by burning or slaying; auxiliary punishments
  10. Details of crimes meriting capital punishment by choking
  11. The World to Come.






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    Sanhedrin (???????) is one of ten tractates of the Nezikin
    Nezikin

    For Jewish law on damages, see Damages Nezikin or Seder Nezikin is the fourth Seder of the Mishna . It deals largely with Jewish criminal and civil law and the Beth Din....
     (a section of the Talmud
    Talmud

    The Talmud is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Halakha, Jewish ethics, customs, and history. It is a central text of mainstream Judaism....
     that deals with damages, ie. civil and criminal proceedings). The Gemara
    Gemara

    The Gemara is the part of the Talmud that contains rabbinical commentaries and analysis of the Mishnah. After the Mishnah was published by Judah haNasi , the work was studied exhaustively by generation after generation of rabbis in Babylonia and the Land of Israel....
     of the tractate is noteworthy as precursors to the development of common law
    Common law

    Common law refers to law and the corresponding Legal systems of the world developed through legal opinion of courts and similar tribunals , rather than through statute law or Executive ....
     principles .

    Summary of Sanhedrin

    Within the Nezikin, the Sanhedrin focuses on criminal law
    Criminal law

    The term criminal law, sometimes called penal law, refers to any of various bodies of rules in different jurisdictions whose common characteristic is the potential for unique and often severe impositions as punishment for failure to comply....
     and punishments. The tractate includes eleven chapters, addressing the following topics:
    1. The different levels of courts and which cases each level presides over
    2. Laws of the high priest and Jewish king and their involvement in court proceedings
    3. Civil suits: acceptable witnesses and judges and the general proceedings
    4. The difference between criminal and civil cases, general proceedings in criminal cases
    5. Court procedures, including examination of witnesses and the voting of the judges
    6. Procedures for execution after condemnation, especially stoning
    7. The 4 types of capital punishments, details of crimes which merit stoning
    8. The rebellious son, and other crimes for which the offender is killed before committing the actual prohibition, and the commandments which Jews are to die before violating.
    9. Details of crimes meriting capital punishment by burning or slaying; auxiliary punishments
    10. Details of crimes meriting capital punishment by choking
    11. The World to Come. This chapter is known individually by Helek, one of its opening words.


    This is the order found in the Gemara, but the Mishna has the last 2 chapters reversed in order.

    External links

    • Jewish Virtual Library