San Lorenzo fuori le Mura: Facts, Discussion Forum, and Encyclopedia Article

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San Lorenzo fuori le Mura

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	San Lorenzo fuori le Mura
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	Topics San Lorenzo fuori le Mura Topic Home The basilicaBasilica The Latin word basilica , was originally used to describe a Roman public building , usually located at the centre of a Roman... of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura — also known in the English languageEnglish language English is a widely distributed language that originated in England but is now the primary language in numerous countries.... as Saint Lawrence outside the Walls — is one of the most important basilica churchesChurches of Rome The Churches of Rome are very many, over 900. ... and one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of RomeFacts About Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome The Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome are seven churches in Rome, which are visited by pilgrims in order to gain indulgences.... . The basilica is the shrineShrine A shrine, from the Latin scrinium is originally a container, usually in precious materials, especially for a relic and o... tombTomb A tomb is a place of burial for the remains of the dead.... of the church's namesake, Saint LawrenceSaint Lawrence Saint Lawrence was one of the seven deacons of Rome who were martyred under the persecution of Roman Emperor Valerian in 258... , one of the first seven deaconDeacon Deacon is a role in the Christian Church which is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among the... s of RomeFacts About Rome Rome is the capital of Italy and of its region, called Latium.... martyrMartyr In the classical Christian view, a martyr is an innocent Christian who, without seeking death , is murdered or put to death ... ed in 258258 Events... . Pope Pius IXPope Pius IX Pope Pius IX , born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, reigned as Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from his election in ... , awaiting canonizationCanonization Canonization is the process of declaring someone a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that ... into sainthood, is also buried at the basilica. Before the present-day basilica was constructed, the estate upon which it sits was once home to a small oratoryOratory (worship) Overview In Christianity, an oratory is a room for prayer.... built by Emperor Constantine IConstantine I Gaius Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinusantine is best remembered in modern times for the Edict of Milan in 313, which f... . The emperor built it over the site on which it was believed that Saint Lawrence was executed. In the 580s580s Centuries: 5th century - 6th century - 7th century... , Pope Pelagius IIPope Pelagius II Pelagius II was pope from 579 to 590.... commissioned the construction of a church over the site, in honor of the martyr. In the 13th century13th century As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300.... , Pope Honorius IIIPope Honorius III Pope Honorius III , born Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.... commissioned the construction of another church in front of the older structure. It was adorned with frescoFresco A fresco is a term for several related painting types.... es depicting the lives of Saint Lawrence, and the first martyred deacon Saint StephenSaint Stephen Saint Stephen is the *Protomartyr, or first martyr, of Christianity and is venerated as a saint of the Roman Cathol... , who is interred with Lawrence in the confessio under the high altarAltar An altar* is any structure upon which sacrifices or other offerings are offered for religious purposes.... . The two structures were united as part of a program of urban renewal. Excavations have revealed several other crypts of various people, buried below street level. Saint HilariusPope Hilarius Pope Hilarius was Pope from 461 to February 28, 468).... is buried here. The portico, c. 1220, has Cosmatesque decoration by the Vassaletti family of craftsmen. The 13th century frescoes, which have been recently reconstructed, depict scenes from the lives of St Stephen and St Lawrence, both deacons and martyrs. There are two ancient sarcophagi in the portico. Of special interest is a Christian one, possibly decorated in the 7th century on an older sarcophagus, with a relief depicting putti picking grapes. While vines and grapes are symbols of the Eucharist, this is not likely here. Two Romanesque stone lions were moved here from the old entrance. The campanile was built in the 12th century. Just inside the entrance is the tomb of Guglielmo Cardinal Fieschi, died 1256, but entombed in an ancient sarcophagus, incidentally decorated with a relief depicting a pagan marriage feast. The choir enclosure and pulpit has Cosmatesque decoration, and there is also a fine Cosmatesque Paschal candlestick made in the 12th or 13th century. The antique Ionic capital on the column directly behind the pulpit has carvings of a frog and a lizard. On the triumphal arch are Byzantine mosaics from the 6th century, depicting Christ with saints. The confessio is below the high altar, and can be entered from the nave. Here, St Lawrence and St Stephen are enshrined. The latter was brought here from Constantinople by Pope Pelagius II when he restored the church. Behind the high altar is a papal altar with an inscription naming the makers, of the Cosmati family, and dating it to 1148. Recent history In relatively more recent history, the Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura was home to the Latin Patriarch of JerusalemFacts About Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is the title given to the Latin Rite Roman Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem.... from 1374 to 1847. In 1943, the church was bombed during World War IIWorld War II World War II, or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict fought between the Allied Powers and the Axis Powers ,... . Restoration lasted until 1948, allowing some 19th century accretions to be removed; however, the frescoes on the facade were lost. ItalianPrime minister of Italy Overview In Italy, the President of the Council of Ministers is the country's prime minister or head of government, and occupie... Prime Minister Alcide De GasperiAlcide De Gasperi Alcide Degasperi was an Italian statesman and politician.... , a founding father of the European UnionEuropean Union The European Union is an intergovernmental and supranational union of 25 democratic member states.... , has a tomb near the entrance sculpted by Giacomo ManzùGiacomo Manzù Giacomo Manz? was the best known Italian sculptor of the 20th century.... . External /H3>