Salamandridae is a
familyIn biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of
salamanderSalamander is a common name of approximately 500 species of amphibians. They are typically characterized by a superficially lizard-like appearance, with their slender bodies, short noses, and long tails. All known fossils and extinct species fall under the order Caudata, while sometimes the extant...
s consisting of
true salamanders and
newtA newt is an aquatic amphibian of the family Salamandridae, although not all aquatic salamanders are considered newts. Newts are classified in the subfamily Pleurodelinae of the family Salamandridae, and are found in North America, Europe and Asia...
s. Currently, 74
speciesIn biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
(with more expected) have been identified in the northern hemisphere -
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
,
AsiaAsia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
, the northern tip of
AfricaAfrica is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
and
North AmericaNorth America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
. Salamandrids are distinguished from other salamanders by the lack of rib or costal grooves along the sides of the body and by their rough skin.
With a few exceptions, salamandrids have patterns of bright and contrasting colours. They have four well-developed limbs, with four toes on the forelimbs, and (in most cases) five toes on the hindlimbs. They vary from 7 centimetres (2.8 in) to 30 centimetres (11.8 in) in length.
The
Alpine salamanderThe Alpine Salamander is a shiny black salamander. It is found in the Central, Eastern and Dinaric Alps, at altitudes above 700 meters. The Western Alps are inhabited by a similar species Salamandra lanzai in only one small area. There are no differences in length between sexes and sex ratio...
and Lanza's fire salamander give birth to live young, without a
tadpoleA tadpole or polliwog is the wholly aquatic larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian, particularly that of a frog or toad.- Appellation :...
stage, but the other species lay their
eggsAn egg is an organic vessel in which an embryo first begins to develop. In most birds, reptiles, insects, molluscs, fish, and monotremes, an egg is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum, which is expelled from the body and permitted to develop outside the body until the developing...
in water. Some newts are neotenic, being able to reproduce before they are fully metamorphosed.
Taxonomy
The
generaIn biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
Chioglossa, Lyciasalamandra, Mertensiella and Salamandra are grouped in the subfamily Salamandrinae, the rest in Pleurodelinae. Those with a more thoroughly aquatic lifestyle are referred to as "newts", but this is not a formal taxonomic description.
Family
SALAMANDRIDAE
- Subfamily Pleurodelinae
- Genus Calotriton
Calotriton is a genus of newts native to the Pyrenees and Central Catalonia .These amphibians were formerly placed within genus Euproctus.-Species:* Calotriton arnoldi Carranza & Amat, 2005 - Montseny Brook Newt...
(Spanish Brook Newts) - 2 species
- Montseny Brook Newt (Calotriton arnoldii)
- Pyrenean Brook Newt
The Pyrenean Brook Salamander or Pyrenean Newt , Calotriton asper, is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in the Pyrenees of Andorra, France, and Spain. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, inland...
(Calotriton asper)
- Genus Cynops (Fire Belly Newts) - 7 species
- Chenggong Fire Belly Newt
Chenggong Fire Belly Newt is a species of newts of China.The Genus Cynops is due for a split. the Chinese species wil be one genus and the Japanese species another. Cynops chenggongenis is at the centre of all this. There is much debate about the validity of Cynops cyanurus and Cynops chenggongensis...
(Cynops chenggongensis )
- Chuxiong Fire-Bellied Newt
The Chuxiong Fire-bellied Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marches, and irrigated land.It is threatened by habitat loss.-...
(Cynops cyanurus)
- Japanese Sword-Tailed Newt (Cynops ensicauda)
- Chinese Fire Belly Newt
The Chinese Fire Belly Newt is a small black newt, with bright orange aposematic coloration on the ventral side. Cynops orientalis is commonly seen in pet stores, where it is frequently confused with the Japanese Fire Belly Newt due to similarities in size and coloration. C...
(Cynops orientalis)
- Dayang Fire Belly newt
The Dayang Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, rivers, freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, rural gardens, heavily degraded former...
(Cynops orphicus)
- Japanese Fire Belly Newt
The Japanese Fire Belly Newt is a common Asian newt. It is commonly confused with the Chinese Fire Belly Newt due to similarities in coloring and size, and most newts sold as Japanese Fire Bellys are likely to be the more commonly collected Chinese Fire Belly instead.-Description:This newt is...
(Cynops pyrrhogaster)
- Yunnan Lake Newt
The Yunnan Lake Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family, and is also known as Wolterstorff's Newt. It was only found near the Kunming Lake in Yunnan, China. It was found in shallow lake waters and adjacent freshwater habitats. Despite extensive surveys, it has not been seen...
(Cynops wolterstorffi)
- Genus Echinotriton
Echinotriton is a genus of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It contains the following species:* Anderson's Crocodile Newt * Chinhai Spiny Newt...
(Crocodile Newts) -2 species
- Anderson's Crocodile Newt
The Anderson's Crocodile Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in Japan and Taiwan....
(Echinotriton andersoni)
- Chinhai Spiny Newt
The Chinhai Spiny Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, freshwater marshes, and ponds.It is threatened by habitat loss....
(Echinotriton chinhaiensis)
- Genus Euproctus
Euproctus is a genus of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It contains the following species:* Euproctus montanus – Corsican Brook Salamander* Euproctus platycephalus – Sardinian Brook Salamander...
(Brook Salamanders) -3 species
- Pyrenean Brook Salamander
The Pyrenean Brook Salamander or Pyrenean Newt , Calotriton asper, is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in the Pyrenees of Andorra, France, and Spain. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, inland...
(Euproctus asper)
- Corsican Brook Salamander
The Corsican Brook Salamander or Corsican Mountain Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is endemic to Corsica, an island in the Mediterranean....
(Euproctus montanus)
- Sardinian Brook Salamander
The Sardinian Brook Salamander or Sardinian Mountain Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Sardinia, Italy....
(Euproctus platycephalus)
- Genus Lissotriton
Lissotriton is a genus of salamandrid newts that occur in Europe.-Species:*Bosca's Newt *Palmate Newt *Italian Newt *Carpathian Newt...
(Small bodied Newts) - 5 species
- Bosca's Newt
Bosca's newt , also known as the Iberian newt, is a species of newt in the Salamandridae family...
(Lissotriton boscai)
- Palmate Newt
The Palmate Newt is a species of newt found in most of Western Europe, including Great Britain. It is protected by law in all countries where it occurs, and is thought to be extremely rare to endangered in the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg and vulnerable in Spain and Poland but common...
(Lissotriton helveticus)
- Italian Newt
The Italian Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family. It is found only in Italy. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, temperate shrubland, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater...
(Lissotriton italicus)
- Carpathian Newt
The Carpathian Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine....
(Lissotriton montandoni)
- Smooth Newt
The Smooth Newt, also known as the Common Newt, Lissotriton vulgaris is the most common newt species of the Lissotriton genus of amphibians. L...
(Lissotriton vulgaris)
- Genus Mesotriton (Alpine Newts) - 1 species
- Alpine Newt
The Alpine Newt is a newt of the Salamander order Caudata in the class of Amphibians.-Description:...
(Mesotriton alpestris)
- Genus Neurergus
Neurergus is a genus of salamander, more specifically newt, in the Salamandridae family. They are found in the Middle East , and are bred in captivity for their bright colors. In nature they inhabit streams and small rivers, and the surrounding forest or shrublands...
(Spotted Newts) - 4 species
- Yellow-Spotted Newt
Neurergus crocatus is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in Iran, Iraq, and Turkey.Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(Neurergus crocatus)
- Kaiser's Spotted Newt
Kaiser's Spotted Newt , also known as the Luristan Newt or Emperor Spotted Newt , is a species of very colourful salamander in the Salamandridae family. It is endemic to the southern Zagros Mountains in Iran...
(Neurergus kaiseri)
- Kurdistan Spotted Newt
The Kurdistan Spotted Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in areas of Iran, possibly Iraq, and possibly Turkey....
(Neurergus microspilotus)
- Strauch's Spotted Newt
Strauch's Spotted Newt is a species of salamander, more specifically a newt, in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Turkey. Its natural habitat is in streams or small rivers, and the nearby forest or shrublands...
(Neurergus strauchii)
- Genus Notophthalmus
Notophthalmus is a genus of newts known commonly as North American newts. There are three species.- Species :*Black-Spotted Newt, Notophthalmus meridionalis *Striped Newt, Notophthalmus perstriatus...
(Eastern Newts) - 3 species
- Black-Spotted Newt
Notophthalmus meridionalis, commonly known as the Black-spotted Newt or Texas Newt, is a species of aquatic newt native to northeastern Mexico and southern Texas in the United States.- Description :...
(Notophthalmus meridionalis)
- Striped Newt (Notophthalmus perstriatus)
- Eastern Newt
The Eastern Newt or Red-spotted Newt is a common salamander of eastern North America. Eastern newts dwell in wet forests with small lakes or ponds. They can coexist in an aquatic environment with fish, however, their skin secretes a poisonous substance when the newt is threatened or injured...
(Notophthalmus viridescens)
- Genus Ommatotriton
Ommatotriton or Banded Newts is a genus of salamander in the Salamandridae family. It currently contains two species:*Northern Banded Newt *Southern Banded Newt...
(Banded Newts) - 2 species
- Northern Banded Newt (Ommatotriton ophryticus)
- Southern Banded Newt
The Southern Banded Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in Armenia, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Russian Federation, Syria, Turkey, and possibly Palestinian Territory, Occupied....
(Ommatotriton vittatus)
- Genus Pachytriton
Pachytriton or Paddle-Tail Newts is a genus of salamander in the Salamandridae family.2 species *Spotted Paddle-Tail Newt *Paddle-Tail Newt...
(Paddle-Tail Newts) - 2 species (with 4 more to be evaluated)
- Spotted Paddle-Tail Newt
The Spotted Paddle-tail Newt is an amphibian native to southeastern China and was named in 1876. A member of the family Salamandridae, it is closely related to the spotless paddle-tail newt...
(Pachytriton brevipes)
- Paddle-Tail Newt
The Paddletail Newt is a species of newt, sometimes sold as a household pet. They are found in China.- Description :Paddletail Newts are characterized by a flat body and a long, paddle-like tail. They range from black to brown to pale brown. They have orange markings along the bottom of their body...
(Pachytriton labiatus)
- probably 4 more species not yet described completely. Known as Pachytriton A, B,C & D.
- Genus Paramesotriton
Paramesotriton is a genus of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It contains the following species:* Spot-Tailed Warty Newt * Chinese Warty Newt...
(Warty Newts) -7 species
- Spot-Tailed Warty Newt
The Spot-Tailed Warty Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers....
(Paramesotriton caudopunctatus)
- Chinese Warty Newt
The Chinese Warty Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China, with a range extending from Chongqing to Hunan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi Provinces in Central China.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland...
(Paramesotriton chinensis)
- Tam Dao Warty Newt
The Tam Dao Salamander or Vietnamese Salamander is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Vietnam....
(Paramesotriton deloustali)
- Wanggao Warty Newt
The Wanggao Warty Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, and rivers.It is threatened by habitat...
(Paramesotriton fuzhongensis)
- Guangxi Warty Newt
The Guangxi Warty Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers....
(Paramesotriton guanxiensis)
- Hong Kong Warty Newt (Paramesotriton hongkongensis)
- Laos Warty Newt
Paramesotriton laoensis is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in the Saysomboun Special Zone and Phoukhout District in Xiangkhouang Province, Laos....
(Paramesotriton laoensis)
- Genus Pleurodeles
The Ribbed Newts is a group of three newt species:*Algerian Ribbed Newt *Edough Ribbed Newt *Iberian Ribbed Newt...
(Ribbed Newts) - 3 species
- Algerian Ribbed Newt
The Algerian Ribbed Newt or Triton D'Algerie is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family found in Algeria and Tunisia....
(Pleurodeles nebulosus)
- Edough Ribbed Newt (Pleurodeles poireti)
- Spanish Ribbed Newt (Pleurodeles waltl)
- Genus Salamandrina
The Spectacled Salamander is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Italy.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, and freshwater marshes.It is threatened by habitat loss....
(Spectacled Salamanders) -2 species
- Southern Spectacled Salamander
The Spectacled Salamander is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Italy.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, and freshwater marshes.It is threatened by habitat loss....
(Salamandrina terdigitata)
- Northern Spectacled Salamander (Salamandrina perspicillata)
- Genus Taricha
The genus Taricha consists of three species and four subspecies of Western Newts . All newts are part of the family Salamandridae...
(Western Newts / Pacific Newts) - 3 species
- Rough-Skinned Newt
The rough-skinned newt is a North American newt known for its strong poison.- Toxicity :Many newts produce toxins to avoid predation, but the toxins of the genus Taricha are particularly potent...
(Taricha granulosa)
- Red-Bellied Newt
The Red-bellied newt is a newt, native to coastal woodlands in northern California, which is terrestrial for most of its life.-Physical description:...
(Taricha rivularis)
- California Newt
The California newt is a newt. It is also referred to as the orange bellied newt. They can grow to be in length.- Physical description :T. torosa adult length can range from to...
(Taricha torosa)
- Genus Triturus
Triturus is a genus of newt, commonly known as the crested or marbled newts, depending on the species. They are found across most of Europe, parts of Russia and the Middle East...
(Crested Newts) -7species
- Italian Crested Newt
The Italian Crested Newt is a species of newt in the family Salamandridae.It is found in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands...
(Triturus carnifex)
- Northern Crested Newt (Triturus cristatus)
- Danube Crested Newt
The Danube Crested Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Ukraine, and possibly Slovenia.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, temperate...
(Triturus dobrogicus)
- Southern Crested Newt
The Southern Crested Newt is a terrestrial European newt. It is similar to the Great Crested Newt except larger and more robust.- Physical Characteristics :...
(Triturus karelinii)
- Marbled Newt
The Marbled Newt is a mainly terrestrial newt native to Europe.-Physical description:Marbled newts have dark brown or black bodies with irregular patterns of green. They have black bellies with off-white specks. Adult females have an orange stripe running down the back from the head to the tip of...
(Triturus marmoratus)
- Pygmy Marbled Newt (Triturus pygmaeus)
- Genus Tylototriton
Tylototriton is a genus of newt known as crocodile newts. There are eight known species in this genus.-Species:* Black Knobby Newt * Hainan Knobby Newt...
(Crocodile Newts) - 8 species
- Black Knobby Newt
The Black Knobby Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in China and Vietnam....
(Tylototriton asperrimus)
- Hainan Knobby Newt
The Hainan Knobby Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China....
(Tylototriton hainanensis)
- Red-Tailed Knobby Newt
The Red-tailed Knobby Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China....
(Tylototriton kweichowensis)
- Mandarin Newt (Tylototriton shanjing)
- Taliang Knobby Newt
The Taliang Knobby Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China....
(Tylototriton taliangensis)
- Himalayan Crocodile Newt
The Himalayan newt Tylototriton verrucosus is a species of newt found in Yunnan Province in China , northern Thailand, northern Vietnam, northern Burma, northeastern India, Bhutan and eastern Nepal.- Description :...
(Tylototriton verrucosus)
- Vietnamese Crocodile Newt (Tylototriton vietnamensis)
- Wenxian Knobby Newt
The Wenxian Knobby Newt is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in China.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marches, and ponds....
(Tylototriton wenxianensis)
- Subfamily Salamandrinae
- Genus Chioglossa
The Gold-Striped Salamander, Golden-Striped Salamander, Saramaganta or Píntega Rabilonga is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family...
- 1 species
- Gold-Striped Salamander
The Gold-Striped Salamander, Golden-Striped Salamander, Saramaganta or Píntega Rabilonga is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family...
(Chioglossa lusitanica)
- Genus Lyciasalamandra
Lyciasalamandra is a genus of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It contains the following species:* Lyciasalamandra antalyana* Lyciasalamandra atifi* Lyciasalamandra billae* Lyciasalamandra fazilae...
- 7 species
- Anatolia Lycian Salamander
Lyciasalamandra antalyana is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, and rocky areas.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(Lyciasalamandra antalyana)
- Atif's Lycian Salamander
Lyciasalamandra atifi is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rocky areas.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(Lyciasalamandra atifi)
- Bay Lycian Salamander
Lyciasalamandra billae is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitats are temperate forests and Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(Lyciasalamandra billae)
- Fazil Lycian Salamander (Lyciasalamandra fizilae)
- Marmaris Lycian Salamander
Lyciasalamandra flavimembris is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitats are temperate forests and Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(Lyciasalamandra flavimembris)
- Karpathos Lycian Salamander
Lyciasalamandra helverseni is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found only in Greece.Its natural habitats are Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation and rocky areas.-References:...
(Lyciasalamandra helverseni)
- Luschan's Salamander
Luschan's Salamander or the Lycian Salamander is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.-Description:...
(Lyciasalamandra luschani)
- Genus Mertensiella - 1 species
- Caucasian Salamander
The Caucasian Salamander is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family.It is found in Georgia and Turkey.Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers....
(Mertensiella caucasica)
- Genus Salamandra
Salamandra is a genus of six species of salamanders localized in central and southern Europe, Northern Africa, and western Asia.-List of species:* Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883* Salamandra atra Laurenti, 1768 — Alpine Salamander...
(Fire Salamanders) - 6 species
- Algerian Fire Salamander (Salamandra algira)
- Alpine Salamander (Salamandra atra)
- Corsican Fire Salamander (Salamandra corsica)
- Near Eastern Fire Salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata)
- Lanza's Alpine Salamander (Salamandra lanzai)
- Fire Salamander
The fire salamander is probably the best-known salamander species in Europe. It is black with yellow spots or stripes to a varying degree; some specimens can be nearly completely black while on others the yellow is dominant. Shades of red and orange may sometimes appear, either replacing or mixing...
(Salamandra salamandra)
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