Salaj County
Encyclopedia
Sălaj is a county
Counties of Romania
The 41 judeţe and the municipality of Bucharest comprise the official administrative divisions of Romania. They also represent the European Union' s NUTS-3 geocode statistical subdivision scheme of Romania.-Overview:...

 (județ
Judet
A județ is an administrative division in Romania, and was also used for some time in Moldova, before that country switched to raions.Județ translates into English as jurisdiction, but is commonly mistranslated as county .The territory of Romania is divided for administrative purposes into 41...

) of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

, in the historical regions
Historical regions of Romania
At various times during the late 19th and 20th centuries, Romania extended over the following historical regions:Wallachia:*Muntenia or Greater Wallachia: as part of Wallachia, joined Moldavia in 1859 to create modern Romania;...

 of Crișana
Crisana
Crișana is a geographical and historical region divided today between Romania and Hungary, named after the Criș River and its three tributaries: the Crișul Alb, Crișul Negru and Crișul Repede....

 and Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...

, with the capital city at Zalău
Zalau
Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

.

Geography

Sălaj county has a total area of 3864.38 square kilometres (1,492 sq mi).

It lies in the area between the Apuseni Mountains
Apuseni Mountains
The Apuseni Mountains is a mountain range in Transylvania, Romania, which belongs to the Western Carpathians, also called Occidentali in Romanian. Their name translates from Romanian as Mountains "of the sunset" i.e. "western". The highest peak is "Cucurbăta Mare" - 1849 metres, also called Bihor...

 and the Eastern Carpathians known as the Someș River Platform. The county is crossed by the Someș River
Somes River
The river Someş flows through Romania and Hungary.It rises from two headstreams, the Someşul Mare, in the Rodna Mountains in Bistriţa-Năsăud County and the Someşul Mic in the Apuseni Mountains of Cluj County...

. Some of the smaller rivers who flow through the county are: Crasna River
Crasna River (Tisza)
The Crasna or Kraszna is the name of a river in northwestern Romania and northeastern Hungary.The Crasna is a tributary of the Tisza River. Its source is in Transylvania, Romania, near the village of Crasna. It flows through the Romanian counties Sălaj and Satu Mare and the Hungarian county...

, Barcău
Barcau River (Cris)
The Barcău River or Bereteu River is a river which has its origin in Sălaj County, Romania. It has a length of 134 kilometers and a watershed area of 2,025 km²...

, Almaș
Almas River (Somes)
The Almaș River or Valea Fildului River is a tributary of the Someș River in Romania.-References:* Administrația Națională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - București* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - București 1971...

, Agrij
Agrij River
The Agrij River is a tributary of the Someş River in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971...

 and Sălaj
Salaj River
The Sălaj River is a tributary of the Someş River in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971* Trasee turistice judeţul Sălaj...

.

From a geographical point of view Salaj county is a zone of hills and depressions along the rivers Almaș
Almas River (Somes)
The Almaș River or Valea Fildului River is a tributary of the Someș River in Romania.-References:* Administrația Națională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - București* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - București 1971...

, Agrij
Agrij River
The Agrij River is a tributary of the Someş River in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971...

, Someș River
Somes River
The river Someş flows through Romania and Hungary.It rises from two headstreams, the Someşul Mare, in the Rodna Mountains in Bistriţa-Năsăud County and the Someşul Mic in the Apuseni Mountains of Cluj County...

, Sălaj
Salaj River
The Sălaj River is a tributary of the Someş River in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971* Trasee turistice judeţul Sălaj...

, Crasna River
Crasna River
The Crasna or Kraszna is the name of a river in northwestern Romania and northeastern Hungary.The Crasna is a tributary of the Tisza River. Its source is in Transylvania, Romania, near the village of Crasna. It flows through the Romanian counties Sălaj and Satu Mare and the Hungarian county...

 and Barcău River
Barcau River (Cris)
The Barcău River or Bereteu River is a river which has its origin in Sălaj County, Romania. It has a length of 134 kilometers and a watershed area of 2,025 km²...

. The mountains are represented in the south-west by two northern ramifications of the Eastern Carpathians: the Meses and Plopis peaks. Depressions cover an important part of the county’s territory and are important agricultural zones with numerous human settlements.

Neighbours

Sălaj county borders on Satu Mare and Maramureș counties to the North, Bihor county to the West and South-West and Cluj county to the South-West.
  • Bihor County
    Bihor County
    Bihor is a county of Romania, in Crişana, with capital city at Oradea. Together with Hajdú-Bihar County in Hungary it constitutes the Biharia Euroregion.-Demographics:...

     to the west.
  • Maramureș County
    Maramures County
    Maramureș is a county of Romania, in the Maramureș region. The county seat is Baia Mare.- History :* The 10th century frontier county of Borsova was founded by Stephen I of Hungary. Since then Máramaros served as the north-eastern border of the Hungarian Kingdom until 1920, the Trianon Peace...

     and Satu Mare County
    Satu Mare County
    Satu Mare County is a county of Romania. The capital city is Satu Mare. Besides Romanians , Satu Mare features a significant ethnic minority of Hungarians .-Demographics:...

     to the north.
  • Cluj County
    Cluj County
    Cluj ; is a county of Romania, in Transylvania, with the capital city at Cluj-Napoca.-Demographics:In 2007, it had a population of 692,316 and a population density of 104/km².*Romanians – 80%*Hungarians – 17.5%*Roma – 2.5%-Geography:...

     to the south and east.

Climate

As for climate, Salaj county is under the influence of masses of air coming from West having a moderate continental climate. The average annual temperature varies between 6°C and 9°C, depending on the zone while the highest temperature, in July, varies between 15°C and 20°C. Rainfalls quantitatively decrease towards the west where 700-800 ml/sq.m were recorded.

Demographics

In 2002, it had a population of 248,015 and the population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 64/km². Majority of the population lived in rural area (60,3%) and 39,7% lived in four cities: Zalău
Zalau
Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

, Şimleu Silvaniei
Simleu Silvaniei
Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

, Jibou
Jibou
Jibou is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004 it had a population of 11,658.Jibou is 20 km by road northwest of Zalău, close to the Someş River. Its major attractions are the old Wesselényi house, Botanical Gardens and spa baths...

, and Cehu Silvaniei
Cehu Silvaniei
Cehu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. Four villages are administered by the town: Horoatu Cehului , Motiş , Nadiş and Ulciug .-History of the town:...

.
  • Romanians
    Romanians
    The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....

     - 71.6%
  • Hungarians - 23%
  • Roma - 5%
  • Slovaks
    Slovaks
    The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...

     - 0.5%
  • Other or undeclared ethnicity - 0.1%

Date Year County population
1880 159,872
1890 180,145
1900 193,996
1910 230,140
December 29 1930 343.347
January 25 1948 262,580
February 21 1956 271,989
March 15 1966 263,103
January 5 1977 264,569
1989 268,776
January 1 1990 269,962
January 1 1991 269,963
January 1 1992 266,837
January 7 1992 266,797
January 1 1993 266,181
January 1 1994 264,990
January 1 1995 263,228
1995 262,873
January 1 1996 262,143
January 1 1997 260,413
January 1 1998 258,717
January 1 1999 257,718
January 1 2000 256,177
January 1 2001 255,535
January 1 2002 250,517
March 18 2002 248,015
January 1 2003 249,717
2003 249,194
January 1 2004 248,857
January 1 2005 246,209
2005 245,638
January 1 2006 246,413
July 1 2006 244,952
January 1 2007 243,614
July 1 2007 243,157
January 1 2008 242,854


In 1910, county had a population of 230,140 people. Population by language:
  • Romanian = 136,087
  • Hungarian = 87,312
  • Slovak = 3,727


According to 1930 census, the county had a population of 343.347 people, of which 56,2% Romanians, 31,4% Hungarians, 4,7% Germans, 3,9% Jews ş.a; after confesional criteria: 52,6% Greek Catholics, 25,4% Protestants, 12,2% Roman Catholics, 4,0% Jews, 4,4% Orthodox.

On July 1, 1995, the county had a population of 262,873 inhabitants of which 70,932 in Zalău
Zalau
Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

.

In 2005, Sălaj county has 245,638 inhabitants (120,278 men and 125,360 women). According to INSSE, on July 1, 2007, the population of Sălaj county was 243,157 inhabitants, of which 99,353 urban population and 143,804 rural population.

Tourism

The 77 wooden churches (16th-19th century) place this county among the first ones, with the Maramures county, as a such valuable historic and folk architectural monuments.

The main tourist attractions in the county are:
  • Museums in Zalău
    Zalau
    Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

     and Şimleu Silvaniei
    Simleu Silvaniei
    Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

  • Wooden churches in Fildu de Sus
    Fildu de Jos
    Fildu de Jos is a commune located in the southern part of Sălaj County, Romania. Fildu de Jos is the contact point between Almaş Basin, the Meses Mountains and the northern part of the Huedin Basin, and is situated at 57 km from Zalău...

    , Sânmihaiu Almaşului, Baica, Racâş
  • Báthory
    Báthory
    The Báthory were a Hungarian noble family of the Gutkeled clan. The family rose to significant influence in Central Europe during the late Middle Ages, holding high military, administrative and ecclesiastical positions in the Kingdom of Hungary...

     Castle in Şimleu Silvaniei
    Simleu Silvaniei
    Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

  • Báthory
    Báthory
    The Báthory were a Hungarian noble family of the Gutkeled clan. The family rose to significant influence in Central Europe during the late Middle Ages, holding high military, administrative and ecclesiastical positions in the Kingdom of Hungary...

     mansion (16th century) in Şimleu Silvaniei
    Simleu Silvaniei
    Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

  • Roman Catholic church (1532) in Şimleu Silvaniei
    Simleu Silvaniei
    Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

  • Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum
    Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum
    The Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum is located in Şimleu Silvaniei, Romania and was opened September 11, 2005. The museum is operated and maintained by the Jewish Architectural Heritage Foundation of New York and Asociata Memoralia Hebraica Nuşfalău - a Romanian NGO, with the...

     (Romania's first Holocaust Memorial Museum) in Şimleu Silvaniei
    Simleu Silvaniei
    Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

  • Wesselényi
    Wesselényi
    Wesselényi is a surname, and can refer to:*Ferenc Wesselényi*Miklós Wesselényi*Wesselényi conspiracy...

     Castle in Jibou
    Jibou
    Jibou is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004 it had a population of 11,658.Jibou is 20 km by road northwest of Zalău, close to the Someş River. Its major attractions are the old Wesselényi house, Botanical Gardens and spa baths...

  • Botanical Gardens in Jibou
    Jibou
    Jibou is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004 it had a population of 11,658.Jibou is 20 km by road northwest of Zalău, close to the Someş River. Its major attractions are the old Wesselényi house, Botanical Gardens and spa baths...

  • Spa baths in Jibou
    Jibou
    Jibou is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004 it had a population of 11,658.Jibou is 20 km by road northwest of Zalău, close to the Someş River. Its major attractions are the old Wesselényi house, Botanical Gardens and spa baths...

  • Jewish Cemetery in Cehu Silvaniei
    Cehu Silvaniei
    Cehu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. Four villages are administered by the town: Horoatu Cehului , Motiş , Nadiş and Ulciug .-History of the town:...

  • Memorial house and tomb of Simion Bărnuţiu
    Simion Barnutiu
    Simion Bărnuţiu was a Transylvanian-born Romanian historian, academic, philosopher, jurist, and liberal politician. A leader of the 1848 revolutionary movement of Transylvanian Romanians, he represented its Eastern Rite Catholic wing...

     in Bocşa
  • Porolissum
    Porolissum
    Porolissum was an ancient Roman city in Dacia. Established as a military camp in 106 during Trajan's Dacian Wars, the city quickly grew through trade with the native Dacians and became the capital of the province Dacia Porolissensis in 124. The site is one of the largest and best-preserved...

     (ancient Roman
    Roman Empire
    The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....

     city)
  • Ioan Sima Art Gallery
  • Zmeilor Garden are conglomerates of sands uniqe in Europe at Gâlgău-Almaşului
  • Over 350 historical monuments

Economy

The predominant industries in the county are:
  • Machine and automotive components
  • Food
  • Textiles
  • Wood, furniture and paper

History

Paintings dating back 12,000 years were discovered on the walls of a cave in Cuciulat, a settlement on the banks of the Someş River
Someş River
The river Someş flows through Romania and Hungary.It rises from two headstreams, the Someşul Mare, in the Rodna Mountains in Bistriţa-Năsăud County and the Someşul Mic in the Apuseni Mountains of Cluj County...

. They are the oldest paintings of the kind in this part of Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

. The oldest solid gold treasury ever unearthed in Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

, weighing 780 gr. and belonging to the Neolithic
Neolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...

, was found in Sălaj at Moigrad.

Lying in the north-western part of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

, at the crossing between the Western and Eastern Carpathians, Sălaj county has been known since ancient times as Tara Silvaniei, that is the Land of the Forests. Zalău
Zalau
Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

 was known as a market town as early as the 14th century and mentioned in a document as a town in 1473.

Under Austria Hungary

Sălaj County was formed in 1876, when the counties Kraszna (its center was Valkóváralja at first, later Szilágysomlyó) and Közép-Szolnok (Its center was Zilah) were united. Its territory is for a large part the same as that of the present Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

n county Sălaj County. Its area was 3815 km² around 1910. The capital of the county was Zilah (present-day Zalău
Zalau
Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

 in Romania).

In 1918 (confirmed by the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...

 1920), the county became part of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

. It was occupied by Hungary between 1940-1944 during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

. Most of it is now part of the Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

n county Sălaj County, except some areas in the north-west (presently in Satu Mare county) and north-east (presently in Maramureş
Maramures
Maramureș may refer to the following:*Maramureș, a geographical, historical, and ethno-cultural region in present-day Romania and Ukraine, that occupies the Maramureș Depression and Maramureș Mountains, a mountain range in North East Carpathians...

 county).

During the Kingdom of Romania
Kingdom of Romania
The Kingdom of Romania was the Romanian state based on a form of parliamentary monarchy between 13 March 1881 and 30 December 1947, specified by the first three Constitutions of Romania...

, Sălaj County was divided in 8 plăşi
Plasa
The Professional Lighting And Sound Association or PLASA is a UK-based trade organisation representing over 500 members worldwide.In addition to providing members with expert advice on a wide range of business and technical issues, PLASA also monitors legislative developments, alerting members to...

 (Plasa Carei, Plasa Cehu Silvaniei, Plasa Crasna, Plasa Jibou, Plasa Şimleu Silvaniei, Plasa Tăşnad, Plasa Valea lui Mihai and Plasa Zălau.

2008 elections

The Sălaj County Council, elected in the 2008 local government elections
Romanian local election, 2008
Local elections were held in Romania on June 1, 2008, with a runoff for mayors on June 15, 2008.On June 1 where elected:* all the villages, communes, cities, and municipal cluncils , and the Sectors Local Councils of Bucharest...

, with the following party composition:
    Party Seats 2008 Sălaj Council
  Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, is the main political organisation representing the ethnic Hungarians of Romania....

8                
  Social Democratic Party
Social Democratic Party (Romania)
The Social Democratic Party is the major social-democratic political party in Romania. It was formed in 1992, after the post-communist National Salvation Front broke apart. It adopted its present name after a merger with a minor social-democratic party in 2001. Since its formation, it has always...

8                
  National Liberal Party
National Liberal Party (Romania)
The National Liberal Party , abbreviated to PNL, is a centre-right liberal party in Romania. It is the third-largest party in the Romanian Parliament, with 53 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 22 in the Senate: behind the centre-right Democratic Liberal Party and the centre-left Social...

6                
  Democratic Liberal Party
Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)
The Democratic Liberal Party is a populist, centre-right party in Romania. It was formed on 15 December 2007, when the Democratic Party merged with the Liberal Democratic Party. From 2004 to 2007, the Democratic Party was part of the governing Justice and Truth Alliance...

6                

2004 elections

The Sălaj County Council, elected in the 2004 local government elections
Romanian local election, 2004
Local elections where held in Romania in late May 2004, and a runoff for mayors in early June 2004In late May where elected:* all the villages, communes, cities, and municipal cluncils , and the Sectors Local Councils of Bucharest...

, with the following party composition:
    Party Seats 2004 Sălaj Council
  Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, is the main political organisation representing the ethnic Hungarians of Romania....

8                
  Social Democratic Party
Social Democratic Party (Romania)
The Social Democratic Party is the major social-democratic political party in Romania. It was formed in 1992, after the post-communist National Salvation Front broke apart. It adopted its present name after a merger with a minor social-democratic party in 2001. Since its formation, it has always...

7                
  National Liberal Party
National Liberal Party (Romania)
The National Liberal Party , abbreviated to PNL, is a centre-right liberal party in Romania. It is the third-largest party in the Romanian Parliament, with 53 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 22 in the Senate: behind the centre-right Democratic Liberal Party and the centre-left Social...

8                
  Democratic Liberal Party
Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)
The Democratic Liberal Party is a populist, centre-right party in Romania. It was formed on 15 December 2007, when the Democratic Party merged with the Liberal Democratic Party. From 2004 to 2007, the Democratic Party was part of the governing Justice and Truth Alliance...

7                
  Greater Romania Party
Greater Romania Party
The Greater Romania Party is a Romanian radical right-wing, ultra-nationalist political party, led by Corneliu Vadim Tudor. The party is sometimes referred to in English as the Great Romania Party....

1                

Notable residents

  • Alexander Ratiu
    Alexander Ratiu
    Alexander Ratiu was a Romanian Greek-Catholic priest, political prisoner, and author.He was a priest in Giurtelecu Şimleului, Romania, and Plainfield, Illinois.- Education :...

  • Stephen V Báthory
    Stephen V Báthory
    Stephen Báthory of Ecsed was a Hungarian commander, 'dapiferorum regalium magister' , judge of the Royal Court and voivod of Transylvania...

    ,
  • Simion Bărnuţiu
    Simion Barnutiu
    Simion Bărnuţiu was a Transylvanian-born Romanian historian, academic, philosopher, jurist, and liberal politician. A leader of the 1848 revolutionary movement of Transylvanian Romanians, he represented its Eastern Rite Catholic wing...

    ,
  • Augustin Deac
    Augustin Deac
    Augustin Deac was an author and history professor.-Biography:Augustin Deac was born in Giurtelecu Şimleului, Transylvania, into a Greek Catholic family. His early school years were at Şimleul Silvaniei and Zalău...

    ,
  • Miklós Wesselényi
    Miklós Wesselényi
    Baron Miklós Wesselényi de Hadad , was a Hungarian statesman, leader of the upper house of the Diet, member of the Board of Academy of Sciences, hero of the 1838 Pest flood....

    ,
  • Îndreiu, priest in Giurtelecu Şimleului in the first half of 17th century, one of oldest hand bookbinders
    Bookbinding
    Bookbinding is the process of physically assembling a book from a number of folded or unfolded sheets of paper or other material. It usually involves attaching covers to the resulting text-block.-Origins of the book:...

     of Transylvania
    Transylvania
    Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...

  • Iuliu Maniu
    Iuliu Maniu
    Iuliu Maniu was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian politician. A leader of the National Party of Transylvania and Banat before and after World War I, he served as Prime Minister of Romania for three terms during 1928–1933, and, with Ion Mihalache, co-founded the National Peasants'...

    ,
  • Petri Mór
    Petri Mór
    Petri Mór was a teacher, school inspector and author in Transylvania.His masterwork is Szilágy vármegye monographiája .- Works :...

    ,
  • Ioan Lobonţiu was a priest and dean (protopop) in Giurtelecu Şimleului in the 19th century and 1848 revolutionary. On March 19, 1848 the dean Lobonţiu presided in Giurtelecu Şimleului the first meeting of the Revolution of 1848 in Transylvania
    Transylvania
    Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...

     and announced the emancipation of serfs.
  • Endre Ady
    Endre Ady
    Endre Ady was a Hungarian poet.-Biography:Ady was born in Érmindszent, Szilágy county . He belonged to an impoverished Calvinist noble family...

    ,
  • Béla Kun
    Béla Kun
    Béla Kun , born Béla Kohn, was a Hungarian Communist politician and a Bolshevik Revolutionary who led the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919.- Early life :...

    ,
  • Corneliu Coposu
    Corneliu Coposu
    -Early life:Coposu was born in Bobota, Sălaj County to the Romanian Greek-Catholic archpriest Valentin Coposu and his wife Aurelia Coposu...

    ,
  • Ioan Taloş, deputy of the Electoral circle of the Şimleu in the National Assembly and priest in Giurtelecul Şimleului in the first half of the 20th century.
  • Joe Pasternak
    Joe Pasternak
    thumb|right|250px|Pasterrnak receiving his star on [[Hollywood Boulevard]] from [[Johnny Grant |Johnny Grant]] with [[Gene Kelly]] on the left on July 29, 1991....

    ,
  • Alexandru Dragomir
    Alexandru Dragomir
    Alexandru Dragomir was a Romanian philosopher. He made his doctoral studies under Martin Heidegger's direction, in 1940.-Philosophy:...

  • Danil Graur or Daniel, teacher in Giurtelecul Şimleului, newspapers editor, and the inspector of the schools in Sălaj County (1918–1919).
  • Emil Pop
  • Alexandru Papiu Ilarian
    Alexandru Papiu Ilarian
    Alexandru Papiu-Ilarian was a Romanian revolutionary and lawyer.His father was a Greek-catholic priest, Ioan Pop. He grew up in Budiu de Câmpie, near Târgu Mureş, and finished high school in Cluj. He was active in the Revolution of 1848.He was a founder and president of the Transylvania Society,...

    ,
  • Iuliu Coroianu,
  • Grigore Lăpuşanu
    Grigore Lapusanu
    Grigore Lăpuşanu-Transilvan was a lawyer, politician, diplomat, and author.-Biography:...

  • Alexandru Koller
    Alexandru Koller
    Alexandru Koller , , is a former football player turned into a successful businessman....

  • George Pop de Băseşti
  • Iulian Andrei Domşa, prefect of Sălaj County and mayor in Zalău
    Zalau
    Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

     in the 20th century
  • Alimpiu Barboloviciu
    Alimpiu Barboloviciu
    Alimpiu Barbuloviciu was the Vicar Forane of the Greek Catholic Vicariate of Şimleu Silvaniei and the head of the branch of Astra in Sălaj County.- Biography :...


Administrative divisions

Sălaj County has 1 municipality, 3 towns and 58 communes; subdivided into 281 villages
  • Municipalities
    • Zalău
      Zalau
      Zalău is the seat of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004, its estimated population was 62,900.- Ancient times :Zalău is situated in the area inhabited by "Free Dacians", 8 kilometers away from the historical landmark of Porolissum, a well-preserved Roman Castrum with an imposing fortress,...

       - capital city; population: 64,123 (July 1, 2006), 63,860 (January 1, 2008)
  • Towns
    • Cehu Silvaniei
      Cehu Silvaniei
      Cehu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. Four villages are administered by the town: Horoatu Cehului , Motiş , Nadiş and Ulciug .-History of the town:...

       - population: 8,199 (July 1, 2006)
    • Jibou
      Jibou
      Jibou is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. In 2004 it had a population of 11,658.Jibou is 20 km by road northwest of Zalău, close to the Someş River. Its major attractions are the old Wesselényi house, Botanical Gardens and spa baths...

       - population: 11,457 (July 1, 2006)
    • Şimleu Silvaniei
      Simleu Silvaniei
      Şimleu Silvaniei is a town in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 16,066 people .Three villages are administered by the town: Bic , Cehei and Pusta .-History:...

       - population: 16,325 (July 1, 2006)


  • Communes
    • Agrij
      Agrij
      Agrij is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Agrij and Răstolţu Deşert. It was called Treznea-Agrij from 1988 to 1995, when Treznea and Bozna villages were split off to form Treznea Commune....

    • Almaşu
      Almasu
      Almaşu is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Almaşu, Băbiu, Cutiş, Jebucu, Mesteacănu, Petrinzel, Sfăraş, Stana and Ţăudu....

    • Băbeni
      Babeni
      Băbeni is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Băbeni, Ciocmani, Cliţ, Piroşa and Poieniţa.-References:...

    • Bălan
      Balan, Salaj
      Bălan is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bălan, Chechiş , Chendrea, Gălpâia and Gâlgău Almaşului. It is situated on the Almaş River, a tributary of the Someş River.-References:...

    • Bănişor
      Banisor
      Bănișor is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Ban, Bănișor and Peceiu....

    • Benesat
      Benesat
      Benesat is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Aluniş, Benesat and Biuşa....

    • Bobota
      Bobota
      Bobota is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Bobota, Derşida and Zalnoc....

    • Bocşa
      Bocşa, Sălaj
      Bocşa is a commune located in the northwest of Transylvania, in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Bocşa, Borla , Câmpia and Sălăjeni .-Tourism and sightseeing:...

    • Boghiş
      Boghis
      Boghiş is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. Established in 2005 by being split off from Nuşfalău, it is composed of two villages, Boghiş and Bozieş.-References:...

    • Buciumi
      Buciumi, Salaj
      Buciumi is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Bodia, Bogdana, Buciumi, Huta, Răstolţ and Sângeorgiu de Meseş.-References:...


    • Camăr
      Camar
      Camăr is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Camăr and Pădureni .At the 2002 census, 91.7% of inhabitants were Hungarians, 6.4% Romanians and 1.9% Roma...

    • Carastelec
      Carastelec
      Carastelec is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Carastelec and Dumuslău .At the 2002 census, 90.1% of inhabitants were Hungarians and 9.2% Romanians. 84.2% were Roman Catholic, 9.3% Romanian Orthodox, 3.4% Pentecostal and 2.8% Reformed....

    • Chieşd
      Chiesd
      Chieşd is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Chieşd, Colonia Sighetu Silvaniei and Sighetu Silvaniei....

    • Cizer
      Cizer
      Cizer is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Cizer, Plesca and Pria....

    • Coşeiu
      Coseiu
      Coşeiu is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Archid , Chilioara and Coşeiu....

    • Crasna
      Crasna, Salaj
      Crasna or Kraszna is a commune in Sălaj County, northwestern Romania. It lies 14 km northwest of Zalău and 11 km southeast of Şimleu Silvaniei, on the Crasna River. It has 6,373 inhabitants...

    • Creaca
      Creaca
      Creaca is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania.-Villages:The commune is composed of nine villages: Borza , Brebi , Brusturi , Ciglean , Creaca, Jac , Lupoaia , Prodăneşti and Viile Jacului...

    • Crişeni
    • Cristolţ
      Cristolt
      Cristolţ is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Cristolţ, Muncel , Poiana Onţii and Văleni ....

    • Cuzăplac
      Cuzaplac
      Cuzăplac is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Cubleşu, Cuzăplac, Gălăşeni, Mierţa, Petrindu, Ruginoasa, Stoboru and Tămaşa....


    • Dobrin
      Dobrin, Salaj
      Dobrin is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Deleni , Doba , Dobrin, Naimon , Sâncraiu Silvaniei and Verveghiu ....

    • Dragu
      Dragu
      Dragu is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Adalin, Dragu, Fântânele, Ugruţiu and Voivodeni....

    • Fildu de Jos
      Fildu de Jos
      Fildu de Jos is a commune located in the southern part of Sălaj County, Romania. Fildu de Jos is the contact point between Almaş Basin, the Meses Mountains and the northern part of the Huedin Basin, and is situated at 57 km from Zalău...

    • Gâlgău
      Gâlgau
      Gâlgău is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Bârsău Mare, Căpâlna, Chizeni, Dobrocina, Fodora, Frâncenii de Piatră, Gâlgău, Glod and Gura Vlădesei.-References:...

    • Gârbou
      Gârbou
      Gârbou is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Bezded, Călacea, Cernuc, Fabrica, Gârbou, Popteleac and Solomon....

    • Halmăşd
      Halmasd
      Halmăşd is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Aleuş, Cerişa, Drighiu, Fufez and Halmăşd....

    • Hereclean
      Hereclean
      Hereclean is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Badon, Bocşiţa, Dioşod, Guruslău, Hereclean and Panic....

    • Hida
      Hida, Salaj
      Hida is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Baica , Hida, Miluani , Păduriş , Racâş , Sânpetru Almaşului , Stupini and Trestia .-Miluani:The village of Miluani had 112 inhabitants in 2002 and is famous for its grain and sunflower...

    • Horoatu Crasnei
      Horoatu Crasnei
      Horoatu Crasnei is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania.-Villages:The commune is composed of four villages: Horoatu Crasnei, Hurez , Stârciu and Şeredeiu .-Stârciu:...

    • Ileanda
      Ileanda
      Ileanda is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of thirteen villages: Bizuşa-Băi , Bârsăuţa , Dăbiceni , Dolheni , Ileanda, Luminişu , Măleni , Negreni , Perii Vadului , Podişu , Răstoci , Rogna...


    • Ip
      Ip, Salaj
      Ip or Ipp is a commune in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Cosniciu de Jos, Cosniciu de Sus, Ip, Zăuan and Zăuan-Băi.The commune was the site of the 1940 Ip massacre....

    • Letca
      Letca
      Letca is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Ciula, Cuciulat, Cozla, Letca, Lemniu, Purcăreţ, Şoimuşeni, Topliţa and Vălişoara....

    • Lozna
      Lozna, Salaj
      Lozna is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Cormeniş, Lozna, Preluci, Valea Leşului and Valea Loznei.-References:...

    • Măerişte
      Măerişte
      -Geography:The commune, with an area of 74.97 km2 , is in the north-west part of the county, in the hydrographic basin of the Crasna River. It is composed of six villages: Criştelec, Doh, Giurtelecu Şimleului, Măerişte , Mălădia and Uileacu Şimleului.-Tourism:Among the commune's tourist sites are...

    • Marca
      Marca, Salaj
      Marca is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Leşmir, Marca, Marca-Huta, Porţ and Şumal....

    • Meseşenii de Jos
      Mesesenii de Jos
      Meseşenii de Jos is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Aghireş, Fetindia, Meseşenii de Jos and Meseşenii de Sus....

    • Mirşid
      Mirsid
      Mirşid is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Firminiş, Mirşid, Moigrad-Porolissum and Popeni....

    • Năpradea
      Napradea
      Năpradea is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Cheud, Năpradea, Someş-Guruslău, Traniş and Vădurele....

    • Nuşfalău
      Nusfalau
      Nuşfalău is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Bilghez and Nuşfalău; Boghiş and Bozieş split off in 2005 to form Boghiş commune....

    • Pericei
      Pericei
      Pericei is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Bădăcin, Pericei, Periceiu Mic and Sici....


    • Plopiş
      Plopis
      Plopiş is a commune in Sălaj County, Romania.Plopiş may refer to several other places in Romania:* Plopiş, a village in Harghita County* Plopiş, a village in Maramureş County...

    • Poiana Blenchii
      Poiana Blenchii
      Poiana Blenchii is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Fălcuşa , Gostila , Măgura and Poiana Blenchii....

    • Românaşi
      Românasi
      Românaşi is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Chichişa , Ciumărna , Păuşa , Poarta Sălajului , Românaşi and Romita .-References:...

    • Rus
      Rus, Salaj
      Rus is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Buzaş, Fântânele-Rus and Rus. It also included two other villages until 2002, when they were split off to form Şimişna Commune.-References:...

    • Sălăţig
      Salatig
      Sălăţig is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bulgari, Deja, Mineu, Noţig and Sălăţig....

    • Sâg
      Sâg
      Sâg is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Fizeş, Mal, Sâg, Sârbi and Tusa....

    • Sânmihaiu Almaşului
      Sânmihaiu Almasului
      Sânmihaiu Almaşului is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Bercea, Sânmihaiu Almaşului and Sântă Măria.-References:...

    • Someş-Odorhei
      Somes-Odorhei
      Someş-Odorhei is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bârsa, Domnin, Inău, Someş-Odorhei and Şoimuş....

    • Surduc
      Surduc
      Surduc is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Brâglez , Cristolţel , Solona , Surduc, Teştioara , Tihău and Turbuţa ....


    • Şamşud
      Samsud
      Şamşud is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Şamşud and Valea Pomilor....

    • Sărmăşag
      Sarmasag
      Sărmăşag or Sarmaság is a commune in Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania.-Geography and climate:The commune's altitude is low, between 160m and 379m. The climate is continental, the average temperature in January is -3 °C, in July 21.1 °C. The average annually precipitation is about 627mm. The...

    • Şimişna
      Simisna
      Şimişna is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Hăşmaş and Şimişna. These were part of Rus Commune until 2002, when they were split off....

    • Treznea
      Treznea
      Treznea is a commune in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Bozna and Treznea. These were part of Agrij Commune until 1995, when they were split off to form a separate commune....

    • Valcău de Jos
    • Vârşolţ
      Vârsolt
      Vârşolţ is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Recea, Recea Mică and Vârşolţ....

    • Zalha
      Zalha
      Zalha is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Ceaca, Ciureni, Valea Ciurenilor, Valea Hranei, Valea Lungă, Vârteşca and Zalha....

    • Zimbor
      Zimbor
      Zimbor is a commune located in Sălaj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Chendremal, Dolu, Sutoru, Sâncraiu Almaşului and Zimbor....

    • Stirciu

Works

  • Petri Mór
    Petri Mór
    Petri Mór was a teacher, school inspector and author in Transylvania.His masterwork is Szilágy vármegye monographiája .- Works :...

    , Szilágy vármegye monographiája [Sălaj County Monography] (I-VI, Budapest, 1901–1904).
  • János Kovács Kuruc, Zilah vallási életéről, In: Limes, 2000, 3, nr. 1-2, p. 138-143.
  • Éva Lakóné Hegyi; Wagner, Ernő. A zilahi kalandosok, In: EM, 2001, 63, nr. 1-2, p. 30-41.
  • Florin Mirghesiu, Modernitatea Zalăului. In: AMPZ, 2001, 2, nr. 4, p. 11-19.
  • Moroti, Elisabeta. Scurtă privire istorică asupra dezvoltării economice a oraşului Zalău, In: AMPZ, 2001, 2, nr. 4, p. 36-39.
  • Municipiul Zalău. Prezentare. In: AMPZ, 2002, 3, nr. 7-8, p. 154-161.
  • Elena Muscă, Meşteşugari zălăuani şi locul lor în structurile administraţiei publice locale, In: AMP, 2003, 25, p. 325-332.
  • L. Nicoară; Puşcaş, Angelica. Rolul municipiului Zalău în zona de contact dintre depresiunea Transilvaniei şi Dealurile de Vest, In: Studia geogr., 1999, 44, nr. 1, p. 99-112.

External links

http://www.cjsj.ro/index.php http://www.salaj.insse.ro/main.php and http://www.insse.ro/cms/files/pdf/ro/cap2.pdf http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/ro066_geo.htm http://www.flickr.com/photos/mipepitoida/2869382695/

Gallery

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