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Saint Andrew

 

 

 

 

 

Saint Andrew


 
 


Saint AndrewAndrew

Andrew is one form of a given name common in many countries....
, called in the OrthodoxEastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church is a Christian body that encompasses national jurisdictions such as the Greek Orthodox, Russian ...
 tradition Protocletos, or the First-called, is a Christian ApostleTwelve Apostles

The Twelve Apostles were men that according to the Synoptic Gospels and Christian tradition, were chosen from among the disc...
 and the younger brother of Saint PeterSaint Peter

Saint Peter, also known as Simon ben Jonah/BarJonah, Simon Peter, Cephas and Kepha — original ...
. The name "Andrew" (from GreekGreek language

Greek has a documented history of 3,500 years, the longest of any single language within the Indo-European family....
 : "a?d?e?a", Andreia, manhood, or valour), like other Greek names, appears to have been common among the Jews from the second or third century B.C. No HebrewHebrew language

Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by more than seven million people in Israel and Jew...
 or AramaicAramaic language

Aramaic is a Semitic language with a 3,000-year history....
 name is recorded for him.

The New TestamentNew Testament

The New Testament , sometimes called the Greek Testament or Greek Scriptures, and sometimes also New Covenant...
 records that St Andrew was a son of Jonah, or John, (; ). He was born in BethsaidaBethsaida

Bethsaida...
 on the Sea of GalileeSea of Galilee

The Sea of Galilee is Israel's largest freshwater lake, approximately 53 kilometers in circumference, about 21 km long, and ...
 (). Both he and his brother Peter were fishermen by tradeTrade

Trade is the voluntary exchange of goods, services, or both....
, hence the tradition that Jesus called them to be his disciples by saying that He will make them "fishers of menTwelve Apostles

The Twelve Apostles were men that according to the Synoptic Gospels and Christian tradition, were chosen from among the disc...
". At the beginning of Jesus' public life they occupied the same house at CapernaumCapernaum

Capernaumwas a settlement on the shore of the Sea of Galilee....
 ().

The Gospel of JohnGospel of John

The Gospel of John is the fourth gospel in the canon of the New Testament, traditionally ascribed to John the Evangelist....
 teaches that Andrew was a discipleDISCiPLE

DISCiPLE, Miles Gordon Technology's first product, was a floppy disk interface for the Sinclair ZX Spectrum home computer....
 of John the BaptistJohn the Baptist

John the Baptist is regarded as a prophet by four religions: Christianity, Islam, Mandaeanism, and the Bah' Faith....
, whose testimony first led him and John the EvangelistFacts About John the Evangelist

John the Evangelist is the name used to refer to the author of the Gospel of John and the first epistle of John....
 to follow Jesus (). Andrew at once recognized Jesus as the MessiahMessiah

In Judaism, the Messiah , Tiberian Hebrew ', Aramaic ') initially meant any person who was anointed by a prophe...
, and hastened to introduce him to his brother (). Thenceforth the two brothers were disciples of Christ. On a subsequent occasion, prior to the final call to the apostolate, they were called to a closer companionship, and then they left all things to follow Jesus (; ; ).

In the gospels Andrew is referred to as being present on some important occasions as one of the disciples more closely attached to Jesus (; , EusebiusEusebius of Caesarea

Eusebius of Caesarea was a bishop of Caesarea in Palestine and is often referred to as the father of church history becaus...
 quotes OrigenOrigen

Origen was an Early Christian scholar, theologian, and one of the most distinguished of the early Fathers of the Christian ...
 as saying Andrew preached in Asia Minor and in ScythiaScythia Summary

Scythia comprised an area in Eurasia whose location and extent varied over time....
, along the Black SeaBlack Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean...
 as far as the Volga and KievKiev

Kiev, also written as Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the co...
. Hence he became a patron saintFacts About Patron saint

In those denominations of Christianity which believe in the intercession of saints, the patron saint of a particular group o...
 of RomaniaRomania

Romania: is a country in Southeastern Europe....
 and RussiaRussia

Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia....
. According to tradition, he founded the See of ByzantiumByzantium

Byzantium was an ancient Greek city-state, which according to legend was founded by Greek colonists from Megara in 667 BC an...
 (Constantinople) in AD 38, installing StachysStachys the Apostle

Stachys the Apostle was the Bishop of Byzantium from 38 to 54 AD....
 as bishop. This diocese would later develop into the Patriarchate of ConstantinoplePatriarch of Constantinople

The Patriarch of Constantinople is the Ecumenical Patriarch, ranking as the "first among equals"primus inter pares...
. Andrew is recognized as its patron saint.

Andrew is said to have been martyred by crucifixion at PatrasPatras

Patras is the third largest city of Greece and the capital of the prefecture of Achaea, located in northern Peloponnese, 21...
 (Patrae) in AchaeaAchaea

ame = Achaea|name_local = ???? ??a?a?|...
. Though early texts, such as the Acts of Andrew known to Gregory of ToursGregory of Tours

Saint Gregory of Tours was a Gallo-Roman historian and bishop of Tours, which made him the leading prelate of Gaul....
, describe Andrew bound, not nailed, to a Latin cross of the kind on which Christ was crucified, a tradition grew up that Andrew had been crucified on a cross of the form called Crux decussataCrux decussata

The Crux decussata, is Saint Andrew's Cross; it is also called a decussate cross....
(X-shaped cross) and commonly known as "St. Andrew's crossSaint Andrew's Cross

----Saint Andrew's Cross refers either to a flag in the form of a white saltire on a blue field or its inverse, a blue salt...
"; this was performed at his own request, as he deemed himself unworthy to be crucified on the same type of cross on which ChristChrist

This page is about the title or the 'Divine Person'....
 was crucified. "The familiar iconography of his martyrdom, showing the apostle bound to an X-shaped cross, does not seem to have been standardized before the later Middle Ages," Judith Calvert concluded after re-examining the materials studied by Louis Réau.

Saint Andrew is the patron of Patras. According to tradition his relics were moved from Patras to ConstantinopleConstantinople Summary

Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine Empire and following its fall in 1453, of the Ottoman Empire until 1930, wh...
, and thence to St. Andrews (see below). Local legends say that the relics were sold to the Romans. The head of the saint, considered one of the treasures of St. Peter's Basilica, was given by the Byzantine despotDespot

Despot can refer to:*a Despot, a ruler exercising absolute power...
 Thomas Palaeologus to Pope Pius IIPope Pius II Overview

Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini , was Pope from 1458 until his death....
 in 1461. In recent years, by decision of Pope Paul VIPope Paul VI Overview

Pope Paul VI , , born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as s...
 in 1964, the relics that were kept in the Vatican CityVatican City

Vatican City formally State of the Vatican City, or Vatican City State is a sovereign city-state whose terri...
, were sent back to Patras. The relics, which consist of the small finger, part of the top of the cranium of Saint Andrew and small parts of the cross, have since that time been kept in the Church of St. Andrew at Patras in a special shrine, and are revered in a special ceremony every November 30.


The Acts of Andrew



The apocryphaApocrypha Overview

Apocrypha are texts of uncertain authenticity or writings where the authorship is questioned....
l Acts of AndrewActs of Andrew

The Acts of Andrew in the surviving version is probably a 3rd century work, according to M.R....
,
mentioned by EusebiusEusebius of Caesarea

Eusebius of Caesarea was a bishop of Caesarea in Palestine and is often referred to as the father of church history becaus...
, EpiphaniusEpiphanius of Salamis

Epiphanius was a Church Father, a heresiologist who was a strong defender of orthodoxy, known for tracking down deviant teac...
 and others, is among a disparate group of Acts of the Apostles that were traditionally attributed to Leucius CharinusLeucius Charinus

Leucius, called Leucius Charinus by Photius in the 9th century, is the name applied to a cycle of what M....
. "These Acts may be the latest of the five leading apostolic romances. They belong to the third century: ca. A.D. 260," was the opinion of M.R. James, who edited them in 1924. The Acts, as well as a Gospel of St. Andrew, appear among rejected books in the Decretum GelasianumFacts About Decretum Gelasianum

The so-called Decretum Gelasianum or Gelasian Decree was traditionally attributed to the prolific Pope Gelasius I,...
connected with the name of Pope Gelasius IPope Gelasius I Summary

Pope Gelasius I was Pope from 492 until 496....
. The Acts of Andrew was edited and published by Constantin von TischendorfConstantin von Tischendorf

Lobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar, the son of a physician....
 in the Acta Apostolorum apocrypha, putting it for the first time into the hands of a critical professional readership. Another version of the Andrew legend is found in the Passio Andreae, published by Max Bonnet (Supplementum II Codicis apocryphi, ParisParis

native_name = Ville de Paris|common_name = Paris...
, 1895).

Relics




The purported relicRelic

A relic is an object, especially a piece of the body or a personal item of someone of religious significance, carefully pres...
s of the Apostle Andrew are kept at the Basilica of St. Andrew in PatrasPatras

Patras is the third largest city of Greece and the capital of the prefecture of Achaea, located in northern Peloponnese, 21...
, GreeceGreece

GreeceGreece lies at the juncture of Europe, Asia, and Africa....
; the DuomoDuomo

Duomo is a generic Italian term for a cathedral church....
 de Sant'Andrea, AmalfiAmalfi

Amalfi is a town and commune in the province of Salerno, in the region of Campania, Italy, on the Gulf of Salerno, 24 miles ...
, ItalyItaly

Italy, officially the Italian Republic , is a Southern European country....
; St Mary's CathedralSt. Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh (Roman Catholic)

The Cathedral Church of Saint Mary in Edinburgh is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh...
, EdinburghEdinburgh

Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland and its second-largest city....
, ScotlandScotland

Scotland is a nation in northwest Europe and one of the constituent countries of the United Kingdom....
; and the Church of St. Andrew and St. Albert, WarsawWarsaw

Warsaw is the capital of Poland and its largest city....
, PolandPoland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country located in Central Europe....
. There are also numerous smaller reliquaries throughout the world.

St. Jerome wrote that the relics of St. Andrew were taken from PatrasPatras

Patras is the third largest city of Greece and the capital of the prefecture of Achaea, located in northern Peloponnese, 21...
 to ConstantinopleConstantinople Overview

Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine Empire and following its fall in 1453, of the Ottoman Empire until 1930, wh...
 by order of the Roman emperorRoman Emperor

"Roman Emperor" is the term historians use to refer to rulers of the Roman Empire, after the epoch conventionally named the ...
 Constantius IIConstantius II

Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II, was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
 around 357357

EventsBy PlaceRoman Empire* Battle of Strasbourg: Caesar Julian leads Roman forces to victory against the Alemanni near Strasbo...
 and deposited in the Church of the Holy ApostlesChurch of the Holy Apostles

The Church of the Holy Apostles, also known as the Imperial Polyandreion, was a Christian basilica built in Constantinop...
. The head of the saint was given by the Byzantine despotFacts About Despot

Despot can refer to:*a Despot, a ruler exercising absolute power...
 Thomas Palaeologus to Pope Pius IIPope Pius II

Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini , was Pope from 1458 until his death....
 in 1461. It was enshrined in one of the four central piers of St. Peter's BasilicaSt. Peter's Basilica

The Basilica of Saint Peter, officially known in Italian as the Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano and colloquially ca...
 in the VaticanApostolic Palace

The Apostolic Palace, also called the Papal Palace or the Palace of the Vatican, is the official residence of th...
. In September 1964, Pope Paul VIPope Paul VI

Pope Paul VI , , born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as s...
, as a gesture of good will toward the Greek Orthodox Church, ordered that all of the relics of St. Andrew that were in Vatican CityVatican City

Vatican City formally State of the Vatican City, or Vatican City State is a sovereign city-state whose terri...
, were sent back to Patras. The relics, which consist of the small finger, part of the top of the cranium of Saint Andrew and small portions of the cross on which he was martyrMartyr

In the classical Christian view, a martyr is an innocent Christian who, without seeking death , is murdered or put to death ...
ed, have since that time been kept in the Church of St. Andrew at Patras in a special shrine, and are reverenced in a special ceremony every November 30, his feast day.

Amalfi

In 1208, following the sack of Constantinople those relics of St. Andrew which remained in the imperial city were taken to AmalfiAmalfi

Amalfi is a town and commune in the province of Salerno, in the region of Campania, Italy, on the Gulf of Salerno, 24 miles ...
, ItalyItaly

Italy, officially the Italian Republic , is a Southern European country....
, by Pedro, cardinal of Capua, a native of Amalfi.

The Amalfi cathedral (DuomoDuomo Overview

Duomo is a generic Italian term for a cathedral church....
), dedicated to St. Andrew (as is the town itself), contains a tomb in its crypt that it maintains still contains the rest of the relics of the apostle.

On 8 May, 2008, the relic believed to be Andrew's head was returned to Amalfi Cathedral.

Romanian tradition

RomaniansRomanians

], 26 Nov 2004. Reprinted at , retrieved 18 Dec 2005....
 believe that Saint Andrew (named Sfântul Apostol Andrei) was the first who preached Christianity in Scythia MinorScythia Minor

Scythia Minor, "Lesser Scythia" was in ancient times the region surrounded by the Danube at the north and west and the Black...
, modern Dobrogea, to the native people of the DaciansDacians Summary

The Dacians were the ancient inhabitants of Dacia and parts of Moesia in southeastern Europe....
 (ancestors of the Romanians): it is the official position of the Romanian Orthodox ChurchRomanian Orthodox Church

The Romanian Orthodox Church is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches....
. Hippolyte of AntiochHippolyte of Antioch

Saint Hippolyte of Antioch was a Christian martyr....
 (died ~AD 250) in his On apostles, OrigenOrigen

Origen was an Early Christian scholar, theologian, and one of the most distinguished of the early Fathers of the Christian ...
 in the third book of his Commentaries on Genesis (AD 254), Eusebius of CaesareaEusebius of Caesarea

Eusebius of Caesarea was a bishop of Caesarea in Palestine and is often referred to as the father of church history becaus...
 in his Church History (AD 340), and other sources, like the Usaard's Martyrdom written between 845-865, Jacobus de VoragineJacobus de Voragine

Jacobus de Voragine was an Italian chronicler and archbishop of Genoa....
 in the Golden LegendGolden Legend

The Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine is a collection of fanciful hagiographies, lives of the saints, that became a l...
 (~1260), mention that Saint Andrew preached in Scythia MinorScythia Minor

Scythia Minor, "Lesser Scythia" was in ancient times the region surrounded by the Danube at the north and west and the Black...
.

There are toponyms and numerous very old traditions (like carols) related to Saint Andrew, many of them having probably a pre-Christian substratum. There exists a cave where it is supposed he preached. The mysterious tradition of baptism which happens in the village of Copuzu is also linked by some ethnologists with the christianizationChristianization

this is complete bull shit christianism iscomplete bull shitThe historical phenomenon of Christianization, the conversion of...
 campaign made by the Apostle.

Scottish legends



About the middle of the tenth century, Andrew became the patron saintPatron saint

In those denominations of Christianity which believe in the intercession of saints, the patron saint of a particular group o...
 of ScotlandScotland

Scotland is a nation in northwest Europe and one of the constituent countries of the United Kingdom....
. Several legends state that the relics of Andrew were brought under supernatural guidance from ConstantinopleConstantinople

Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine Empire and following its fall in 1453, of the Ottoman Empire until 1930, wh...
 to the place where the modern town of St AndrewsSt Andrews

Named after Saint Andrew the Apostle, the Royal Burgh of St Andrews is a town on the east coast of Fife, Scotland, and the h...
 stands today.

, KizhiKizhi

Kizhi is an island on Lake Onega in the Republic of Karelia, Russia with a of wooden churches, chapels and houses....
 monasteryMonastery

Monastery, a term derived from the Greek word ??ast????? monasterion, denotes the habitation-and-workplace of a communit...
, KareliaKarelia Summary

Karelia is the land of the Karelian and Finnish peoples and is a vast inhabited area in Northern Europe of historical signif...
, RussiaRussia

Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia....
).]]

The oldest surviving manuscripts are two: one is among the manuscripts collected by Jean-Baptiste ColbertJean-Baptiste Colbert

Jean-Baptiste Colbert served as the French minister of finance from 1665 to 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV....
 and willed to Louis XIVLouis XIV of France Summary

Louis XIV ruled as King of France and of Navarre from May 14 1643 until his death just prior to his seventy-seventh birthd...
, now in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, the other in the Harleian MssRobert Harley

*Robert Harley*Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Mortimer...
 in the British LibraryBritish Library Summary

The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom....
, London. They state that the relics of Andrew were brought by one Regulus to the PictishPicts

he Picts were a confederation of tribes in central and northern Scotland from Roman times until the 10th century....
 king Óengus mac FergusaÓengus I of the Picts

?engus son of Fergus was king of the Picts from 732 until his death in 761....
 (729–761). The only historical Regulus (Riagail or Rule) — the name is preserved by the tower of St. Rule — was an Irish monk expelled from IrelandIreland

Ireland is the third largest island in Europe....
 with Saint ColumbaColumba

Saint Columba is sometimes referred to as Columba of Iona, or, in Old Irish, as Saint Colm Cille or Columcil...
; his date, however, is c. 573–600. There are good reasons for supposing that the relics were originally in the collection of Acca, bishop of HexhamAcca of Hexham

Saint Acca, Bishop of Hexham.Born in Northumbria, Acca first served in the household of Bosa, the future Bishop of York, bu...
, who took them into Pictish country when he was driven from Hexham (c. 732), and founded a see, not, according to tradition, in Galloway, but on the site of St. Andrews. The connection made with Regulus is, therefore, due in all probability to the desire to date the foundation of the church at St. Andrews as early as possible.

Another legend says that in the late eighth century, during a joint battle with the English, King Ungus (either the Óengus mac Fergusa mentioned previously or Óengus II of the PictsÓengus II of the Picts

engus mac Fergusa was king of the Picts, in modern Scotland, from about 820 until 834....
 (820–834)) saw a cloud shaped like a saltireSaltire

A saltire is an X-shaped ordinary in heraldry....
, and declared Andrew was watching over them, and if they won by his grace, then he would be their patron saint. However, there is evidence Andrew was venerated in Scotland before this.

Andrew's connection with Scotland may have been reinforced following the Synod of WhitbySynod of Whitby

The Synod of Whitby was a seventh century synod in Northumbria brought the practices of Iona and its Irish satellites into c...
, when the Celtic ChurchCeltic Christianity

Celtic Christianity is a term used for the form of Christianity practised in Ireland, Scotland and the Brythonic areas of Gr...
 felt that Columba had been "outranked" by Peter and that Peter's younger brother would make a higher ranking patron. The 1320 Declaration of ArbroathDeclaration of Arbroath

The Declaration of Arbroath was a declaration of Scottish independence, and set out to confirm Scotland's status as an indep...
 cites Scotland's conversion to Christianity by Saint Andrew, "the first to be an Apostle".

Numerous parish churches in the Church of ScotlandChurch of Scotland

The Church of Scotland is the national church of Scotland....
 and congregations of other Christian churches in Scotland are named after Saint Andrew. The national church of the Scottish people in RomeRome

Rome is the capital of Italy and of its region, called Latium....
, Sant'Andrea degli ScozzesiSant'Andrea degli Scozzesi

Sant' Andrea degli Scozzesi is a church in Rome, near Piazza Barberini on Via delle Quattro Fontane....
 is dedicated to St Andrew.

Saint Andrew and the Parish of Luqa (Malta)

The first reference regarding the first small chapel at Luqa dedicated to Saint Andrew dates to 1497. The pastoral visit of Mgr. Pietro Dusina affirms that this chapel contained three altars, one of them dedicated to Saint Andrew. The titular painting showing Mary with Saints Andrew and Paul was painted by the Maltese artist Filippo Dingli.

At one time, many fishermen lived in the village of Luqa, and this may be the main reason behind choosing Saint Andrew as patron saint. The titular statue of Saint Andrew was sculpted in wood by Giuseppe Scolaro in 1779. This statue underwent several restoration works including that of 1913 performed by the Maltese renowned artist Abraham Gatt.

The Martyrdom of Saint Andrew on the main altar of the church was painted by Mattia PretiFacts About Mattia Preti

Mattia Preti was a Italian Baroque artist who worked in Italy and Malta....
 in 1687.

Saint Andrew in Ukraine





Early Christian History in UkraineHistory of Christianity in Ukraine

The religious History of Christianity in Ukraine dates to the earliest centuries of the apostolic church when, according to ...
 holds that the apostle Saint Andrew is said to have preached on the southern borders of modern-day UkraineUkraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe....
, along the Black SeaBlack Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean...
. Legend has it that he travelled up the Dnieper RiverDnieper River

The Dnieper River is a river which flows from Russia through Belarus and then Ukraine....
 and reached the future location of KievKiev

Kiev, also written as Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the co...
, where he erected a cross on the site where the St. Andrew's Church of Kiev currently stands, and prophesied the foundation of a great Christian city.

Conclusions

Andrew is the patron saintPatron saint

In those denominations of Christianity which believe in the intercession of saints, the patron saint of a particular group o...
 of ScotlandScotland

Scotland is a nation in northwest Europe and one of the constituent countries of the United Kingdom....
, RussiaRussia

Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia....
, RomaniaFacts About Romania

Romania: is a country in Southeastern Europe....
, GreeceGreece

GreeceGreece lies at the juncture of Europe, Asia, and Africa....
, AmalfiAmalfi

Amalfi is a town and commune in the province of Salerno, in the region of Campania, Italy, on the Gulf of Salerno, 24 miles ...
, and Luqa in Malta. He was also the patron saint of PrussiaPrussia

Prussia was, most recently, a historic state originating in Brandenburg, an area which for centuries had substantial influen...
. The flag of ScotlandFlag of Scotland

* List of Scottish flags* List of British flags* Athelstaneford ...
 (and consequently the Union FlagUnion Flag

|}...
 and the armsCoat of arms of Nova Scotia

ldry]]External links ...
 and flag of Nova ScotiaFlag of Nova Scotia

The flag of Nova Scotia, created in 1625, is a banner of the provincial arms....
) feature St Andrew's saltireSaltire

A saltire is an X-shaped ordinary in heraldry....
 cross. The saltire is also the flag of TenerifeFlag of Tenerife

The flag of Tenerife is a white saltire over a blue field, also known as a St....
 and the naval jack of RussiaRussian Navy

The Russian Navy is the naval arm of the Russian armed forces....
. The Confederate flagFlags of the Confederate States of America

The following flags were used by the Confederate States of America....
 also features a saltire commonly referred to as a St Andrew's cross, although its designer, William Porcher MilesWilliam Porcher Miles

William Porcher Miles was a Representative from South Carolina born in Charleston on July 4, 1822....
, said he changed it from an upright cross to a saltire so that it would not be a religious symbol but merely a heraldic device.

A statue of Saint Andrew is an important element in the story of the 1956 Hollywood wartime romance, Miracle In The Rain starring Van JohnsonVan Johnson

Van Johnson is an American film and television actor....
 and Jane WymanJane Wyman

Jane Wyman is an Academy Award-winning American actress best known for playing disabled characters such as Belinda MacDonald...
. When Ruth, played by Wyman realizes she has lost Art, the statue inside St. Patrick's Cathedral, New YorkSt. Patrick's Cathedral, New York

St. Patrick's Cathedral is the largest decorated gothic-style Catholic Cathedral in North America....
 becomes a focus of devotion for her.

The feast of Saint AndrewSt. Andrew's Day

St. Andrew's Day is the feast of Saint Andrew, celebrated on 30 November each year....
 is observed on November 30 in both the Eastern and Western churches, and is the national dayNational Day

The National Day is a designated date on which celebrations mark the nationhood of a country....
 of Scotland.

See also

  • St Andrew's Day
  • St Andrews (disambiguation)St Andrews (disambiguation)

    The element St Andrew, St. Andrews or St....
  • Patron saints of placesPatron saints of places

    A list of patron saints of places by nation, region and town/city: ...
  • Roman Catholic calendar of saintsRoman Catholic calendar of saints

    The General Roman Calendar, printed, for instance, in the Roman Missal, assigns feasts of saints to only about half the days...
  • AndrewFacts About Andrew

    Andrew is one form of a given name common in many countries....
  • Universidad de San AndrésUniversidad de San Andrés Overview

    The Universidad de San Andr?s is an Argentine university located in the town of Victoria, Buenos Aires on the shores of the...
    , Argentina, named after the saint
  • University of St AndrewsUniversity of St Andrews

    The University of St Andrews is the oldest university in Scotland and third oldest in the English-speaking world, having bee...
    , named after the Royal Burgh of St AndrewsSt Andrews

    Named after Saint Andrew the Apostle, the Royal Burgh of St Andrews is a town on the east coast of Fife, Scotland, and the h...
    , which was named after the saint
  • Order of Saint Andrew

External links

  • translated by Robert Kilburn Root, 1899, from Project GutenbergProject Gutenberg

    Project Gutenberg is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive, and distribute cultural works....