Sadová is a village of the
Hradec Králové DistrictHradec Králové District is a district within Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is city Hradec Králové.-Complete list of towns and villages:Babice •Barchov •Běleč nad Orlicí •Benátky •Blešno •...
in the
Hradec Králové RegionHradec Králové Region is an administrative unit of the Czech Republic, located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Hradec Králové....
of the
Czech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
. It lies on the Bystřice river, about 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of
Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Hradec Králové Region of Bohemia. The city's economy is based on food-processing technology, photochemical, and electronics manufacture. Traditional industries include musical instrument manufacturing – the best known being PETROF pianos...
on the main road and railway line to
JičínJičín is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It lies approximately 85 km northeast of Prague in the scenic region of the Bohemian Paradise under the Prachov Rocks ....
. The municipality is part of
Mikroregion NechanickoMikroregion Nechanicko is a voluntary alliance of villages located near Nechanice in the Czech Republic, in East Bohemia, Hradec Kralove Region...
. In 2004, it had 127 houses and 325 inhabitants.
The village was first mentioned in a 1241 deed. In 1636 Sadová was part of the
SmiřiceSmiřice is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has 3,069 inhabitants. Town was established in year 1659.-External links:*...
lordship acquired by the
ImperialThe Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
General Lieutenant
Matthias GallasMatthias Gallas, Graf von Campo und Herzog von Lucera , was an Austrian soldier, who first saw service in Flanders, then in Savoy with the Spaniards, and subsequently joined the forces of the Catholic League as captain during the Thirty Years' War.On the general outbreak of hostilities in Germany,...
, who thereby reaped the awards for his conspiration against Generalissimo
Albrecht von WallensteinAlbrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein , actually von Waldstein, was a Bohemian soldier and politician, who offered his services, and an army of 30,000 to 100,000 men during the Danish period of the Thirty Years' War , to the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II...
. In the 18th century it was a possession of the
SchaffgotschThe Schaffgotsch family is one of the oldest noble Silesian families extant, dating back to the thirteenth century. They were first mentioned in the St. Gallen book of documents in 804 and 809, when they were domiciled in the Margraviate of Meissen, Franconia, and the Tyrol...
noble family, later of the House of
HarrachThe Harrach family is a Bohemian and Austro-German noble family. The Grafs von Harrach were among the most prominent families in the Habsburg Empire.-History:...
residing at
Hrádek u NechanicHrádek u Nechanic is a 19th century Gothic architecture style Romantic château near the town of Hrádek in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic.-History:Hrádek u Nechanic was built by František Arnošt, count of Harrach...
. During the War of the Bavarian Succession, Habsburg troops occupied the heights above the city from July to October; Prussian troops occupied the territory between Sadová and Nachod. Neither army engaged in combat, although the imperial forces frequently shelled the Prussians, and both armies ravaged the countryside for foodstuffs.
On July 3, 1866, the area around Sadová became the scene of the sanguinary
Battle of KöniggrätzThe Battle of Königgrätz , also known as the Battle of Sadowa, Sadová, or Hradec Králové, was the decisive battle of the Austro-Prussian War, in which the Kingdom of Prussia defeated the Austrian Empire...
, also known as the Battle of Sadowa, the decisive combat of the
Austro-Prussian WarThe Austro-Prussian War was a war fought in 1866 between the German Confederation under the leadership of the Austrian Empire and its German allies on one side and the Kingdom of Prussia with its German allies and Italy on the...
. There are many monuments and graves in and around Sadová commemorating this event. The main battlefield and museum is located in the nearby village of Chlum (part of the
VšestaryVšestary is a village in the Czech Republic.-External links:*...
municipality) about 4 km (2.5 mi) to the southwest.
Despite
FranceThe Second French Empire or French Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic, in France.-Rule of Napoleon III:...
being neutral in that war, the French public resented the
PrussianThe Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
victory and demanded "Revanche pour Sadova" (Revenge for Sadowa), which lead to the
Franco-Prussian WarThe Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...
of 1870.
External links
Official site of Sadová municipality Museum of 1866 battle at Chlum