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S phase

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	Topics S phase Topic Home The S phase, short for synthesis phase, is a period in the cell cycleCell cycle The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle , is the series of events in a eukaryotic cell between one cell division and th... during interphaseInterphase Interphase is a phase of the cell cycle, defined only by the absence of cell division.... , between G1 phaseG1 phase The G1 phase is a period in the cell cycle during interphase, before mitosis ,cytokinesis, and the S phase.... and the G2 phaseG2 phase G2 phase is a stage in the cell cycle, and is the final stage of interphase.... . Following G1, the cell enters the S stage, when DNADNA Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the biological development of a cellu... synthesisDNA synthesis Summary DNA synthesis commonly refers to:... or replicationDNA replication DNA replication or DNA synthesis is the process of copying a double-stranded DNA strand in a cell, prior to cell divis... occurs. At the beginning of the S stage, each chromosomeChromosome Overview A chromosome is a large macromolecule into which DNA is normally packaged in a cell.... is composed of one coiled DNA double helixDouble helix In geometry a double helix typically consists of two congruent helices with the same axis, differing by a translation along ... moleculeFacts About Molecule In chemistry, a molecule is an aggregate of two or more atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical bonds.... , which is called a chromatidChromatid A chromatid is one of two identical strands making up a chromosome that are joined at their centromeres, for the process o... . At the end of this stage, each chromosome has two identical DNA double helix molecules, and therefore is composed of two sister chromatids. During S phase, the centrosomeCentrosome Summary The centrosome is the main microtubule organizing center of the cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression.... is also duplicated. These two events are unconnected, but require many of the same factors to progress. The end result is the existence of duplicated genetic material in the cell, which will eventually be divided into two. Damage to DNA often takes place during this phase, and DNA repairDNA repair DNA repair refers to a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that enco... is initiated following the completion of replication. Incompletion of DNA repair may flag cell cycle checkpointCell cycle checkpoint Cell cycle checkpoints exist at specific points in the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells to prevent them from progressing to th... s, which halts the cell cycle. However, after the cell has completeted this phase, it is very likely that the cell will continue on to complete the cell cycleCell cycle The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle , is the series of events in a eukaryotic cell between one cell division and th... . See also S phase index (SPI)