Rulers of Nabatea
Encyclopedia
The Rulers of Nabataea, reigned over the Nabataean kingdom
(also rendered as Nabataea, Nabatea, or Nabathea), inhabited by the Nabateans, located in present-day Jordan
, southern Syria
, southern Israel
and north-western Saudi Arabia
.
Nabataean kingdom
The Nabataean kingdom, also named Nabatea , was a political state of the Nabataeans which existed during Classical antiquity and was annexed by the Roman Empire in AD 106.-Geography:...
(also rendered as Nabataea, Nabatea, or Nabathea), inhabited by the Nabateans, located in present-day Jordan
Jordan
Jordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...
, southern Syria
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
, southern Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
and north-western Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...
.
List
| Reign | Name | Kings of Nabataea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ante169BC to post169BC | Aretas I Aretas I Aretas I is the first known King of the Nabataeans. His name appeared on the oldest Nabataean inscription dating from 168 BC which was found at Halutza. He is also mentioned in the deuterocanonical book 2 Maccabees... |
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| 144 to 110 | Malichus I | ||
| 110 to 100 | Erotimus | ||
| 120* or 110* to 96 | Aretas II Aretas II Aretas II was the King of the Nabateans. Succeeding Rabbel I, his reign began in 103 BCE and he ruled until 96 BCE. Aretas II was a contemporary of the Hasmonean king Alexander Jannaeus, whose expansionist policies were a direct threat to the Nabatean Kingdom... |
*In some sources appears as successor to Rabbel I | |
| 90 to ??? | Obodas I Obodas I Obodas I was King of the Nabateans from 96 BC to 85 BC. He was the successor of Aretas II, from whom he inherited the war with the Hasmonean kingdom. He defeated them around 93 BC on the Golan Heights.... Advat |
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| 140* to ??? | Rabbel I | In some sources appears as successor to Aretas Aretas I Aretas I is the first known King of the Nabataeans. His name appeared on the oldest Nabataean inscription dating from 168 BC which was found at Halutza. He is also mentioned in the deuterocanonical book 2 Maccabees... |
|
| 82 or 87 to 62 | Aretas III Philhellen Aretas III Aretas III was king of the Nabataean kingdom from 87 to 62 BCE. Aretas ascended to the throne upon the death of his brother, Obodas I, in 87 BCE. During his reign, he extended his kingdom to cover what now forms the northern area of Jordan, the south of Syria, and part of Saudi Arabia... |
Recognised by Rome 62BC | |
| ??? to ??? | Obodas II | Existence uncertain until recently; probably ruled a few months | |
| c47 or 60 to 30 | Malichus I | Becoming vassal of Herod the Great Herod the Great Herod , also known as Herod the Great , was a Roman client king of Judea. His epithet of "the Great" is widely disputed as he is described as "a madman who murdered his own family and a great many rabbis." He is also known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and elsewhere, including his... and Rome |
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| 30 to 9 | Obodas III | Vassal of Rome; probably ruled a few months; previously known to history as Obodas II | |
| 9BC to AD40 40 Year 40 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus without colleague... |
Aretas IV Philopatris Aretas IV Philopatris Aretas IV Philopatris was the King of the Nabataeans from roughly 9 BC to AD 40.His full title, as given in the inscriptions, was "Aretas, King of the Nabataeans, Friend of his People." Being the most powerful neighbour of Judea, he frequently took part in the state affairs of that country, and was... |
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| Chuldu, Queen | |||
| 40 40 Year 40 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus without colleague... to 70 70 Year 70 was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Vespasianus... /71 71 Year 71 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Nerva... |
Malichus II Malichus II Malichus II ruled Nabatea from 40 to 70.During his reign, Nabataean power decreased. The Romans had diverted the routes of spice and perfume cargo shipments to Egypt. Rome was very powerful, so Malichus cooperated. In 66, a Jewish revolt occurred in Iudaea... |
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| Shaqilath Shaqilath Shaqilath is the daughter of Aretas IV of the Nabataeans. She ruled jointly with her husband-brother Malichus II . After his death she was regent for her son Rabel II. Copper coins where she is depicted with her husband and coins of her with her son have been recovered.-References:*... , Queen |
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| 70 70 Year 70 was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Vespasianus... /71 71 Year 71 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Nerva... to 106 106 Year 106 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Commodus and Civica... |
Rabbel II Soter Rabbel II Soter Rabel II Soter was the last ruler of the kingdom of the Nabataea, ruling from AD 70 to 106.After the death of his father, Malichus II, ar-Rabil still a child, ascended to the throne. His mother, Shaqilath, assumed control of the government in the early years. His sister Gamilath became queen of... |
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| Gamilath, Queen | |||
| 106 106 Year 106 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Commodus and Civica... |
Annexed by Trajan Trajan Trajan , was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117 AD. Born into a non-patrician family in the province of Hispania Baetica, in Spain Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian. Serving as a legatus legionis in Hispania Tarraconensis, in Spain, in 89 Trajan supported the emperor against... becoming the Roman province of Arabia Petraea Arabia Petraea Arabia Petraea, also called Provincia Arabia or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century; it consisted of the former Nabataean kingdom in modern Jordan, southern modern Syria, the Sinai Peninsula and northwestern Saudi Arabia. Its capital was Petra... |
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Sources
- Jewish Virtual Library: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/nabkings.html
- Ross, Martha, Rulers and Governments of the World - Vol1, Earliest Times to 1491, Bowker Publishing Company Ltd, London & New York, 1978