Roman era

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Roman era

The Roman Era is a period in Western history, when Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
was the centre of power of the world around the Mediterranean Sea

Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea or Ocean off the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia....
, where Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
was the lingua franca

Lingua franca

A lingua franca is a language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both persons' mother tongues....
. The era proceeds the Middle Ages

Middle Ages

File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...

Depending on sources, the Roman era starts somewhere in the 2nd or 1st century BC. Historians have cited a variety of dates for the start of the era, such as the subjugation of Greece by the Romans for the first time in 146 BC, or 30 BC when the Roman empire

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
was stabilized for many centuries to come by Caesar Augustus.

The end date is less well defined than the beginning epoch date, since several centuries elapsed between the first major defeats of the Roman Empire

Roman Empire

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The Roman Era is a period in Western history, when Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome

Mediterranean Sea

Latin

Lingua franca

Middle Ages

Roman Empire

Sack of Rome

The city of Rome has been lootinged on several occasions. Among the most famous:*Battle of the Allia - Rome is sacked by the Gauls after the Battle of the Allia...
, and the final defeat of the Eastern Roman empire (which had its center of power moved to Constantinople

Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
) when it made an attempt under the great general Bellisarius to reconquer the territories of the fallen western empire under Constantine I

Constantine I

Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus , commonly known in English_language as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or Saint Constantine , was Roman Emperor from 306, and the undisputed holder of that office from 324 until his death in 337....
. Generally, the mama miana between the two is meant before the Byzantine reconquest attempts under Constantine. It is variously given as either the sack of Rome (455)

Sack of Rome (455)

The second of three barbarian Sack of Rome, the sack of 455 was at the hands of the Vandals, then at war with the usurping Western Roman Emperor Petronius Maximus....
or the official end of the Western Roman Empire with the forced abdication of Romulus Augustus under pressure of Odoacer

Odoacer

Odoacer , also known as Odovacar , was a Germanic general and the first non-Roman King of Italy after 476. He deposed the last Western Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus, that year, but continued to rule first as a nominal client of Julius Nepos and, after Nepos' death in AD 480, as a client of the Eastern Roman Emperor....
on 4 September 476

476

Sorry, no overview for this topic
. Conventionally, and as far as Western history is concerned, the end of the Roman era is placed as early as 330 AD, and as late as 480 AD. In cultural contexts, as late as the 6th century when the Eastern Empire failed to regain the territories lost to the Germanic tribes.

Preceding Rome, Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece

The term Ancient Greece refers to the period of History of Greece lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC and the Roman Republic conquest of Greece after the Battle of Corinth ....
, and in particular Athens

Athens

Athens , the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery; as one of the List of cities by time of continuous habitation, its recorded history spans around 3,400 years....
, had been the center of power and intellectual activity in the Western world. Even during the Roman era, Greece was highly respected for its rich cultural history, but it had lost its worldly power.

Roman authors and artists turned primarily to Greek sources, when composing the cultural tapisserie that became known as Roman ancient culture, e.g. Virgil

Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works?the Bucolics , the Georgics and the Aeneid?although several Appendix Vergiliana are also attributed to him....
, when describing the mythical origins of Rome in his Aeneid

Aeneid

The Aeneid is a Latin Epic poetry written by Virgil in the late 1st century BC that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Troy who traveled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Rome....
, turned to Homer

Homer

Homer is traditionally held to be the author of the ancient Greek language epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well as of the Homeric Hymns....
's tales about Troy

Troy

Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Epic Cycle, and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer....
,(the Iliad

ILiad

The iLiad is an electronic handheld device, or e-book device, which can be used for document reading and editing. Like the Sony Reader or Amazon Kindle, the iLiad makes use of an electronic paper display....
) both stylistically, and for linking the "history".

Similarly for Cicero

Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Ancient Rome philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Constitution of the Roman Republic. Cicero is widely considered one of Rome's greatest rhetoric and prose stylists....
, the early highlight of Roman era culture, it is apparent his thinking is rooted in Greek stoa

Stoa

Stoa in Architecture of Ancient Greece; covered walkways or porticos, commonly for public usage. Early stoae were open at the entrance with columns lining the side of the building, creating an enveloping, protective atmosphere and were usually of Doric order....
. Also Ovid

Ovid

Publius Ovidius Naso was a Roman Empire poet known as Ovid to the English language-speaking world, who wrote about love, seduction, and Roman mythology transformation....
had his part in connecting Greek deities to equivalent Roman deities with Latin names.

Roman era

See also