Rolling mill

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Rolling mill

A rolling mill is a machine

Machine

A machine is any device that uses energy to perform some activity. In common usage, the meaning is that of a device having parts that perform or assist in performing any type of work....
or factory

Factory

A factory or manufacturing plant is an industry building where workers manufacturing Good or supervise machines Process Manufacturing one product into another....
for shaping metal

Metal

In chemistry, a metal is a chemical element whose atoms readily lose electrons to form positive ions , and form metallic bonds between other metal atoms and ionic bonds between nonmetal atoms....
by passing it between a pair of work rolls.

Rolling mills are often incorporated into integrated steelworks, but also exist as separate plants and can be used for other metal

Metal

In chemistry, a metal is a chemical element whose atoms readily lose electrons to form positive ions , and form metallic bonds between other metal atoms and ionic bonds between nonmetal atoms....
s, and other materials.

Rolling mills historically have been of several kinds:

For silversmithing mainly two types are used, a flat one (with two cylindrical rolls) for rolling sheet and one with grooved rolls for rolling octagonal wire.

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Encyclopedia

A rolling mill is a machine

Machine

Factory

A factory or manufacturing plant is an industry building where workers manufacturing Good or supervise machines Process Manufacturing one product into another....
for shaping metal

Metal

Depending on the temperature of the metal being rolled, rolling mills are typically hot
Hot rolling

Hot rolling is a hot working metalworking process where large pieces of metal, such as slabs or billets, are heated above their recrystallization temperature and then deformed between rollers to form thinner cross sections....
or cold rolling
Cold rolling

Cold rolling is a metalworking process in which metal is deformed by passing it through rollers at a temperature below its recrystallization temperature....
mills.
A slitting mill
Slitting mill

The slitting mill was a watermill for slitting bars of iron into rods. The rods then were passed to nailers who made the rods into nail , by giving them a point and head....
was used to cut flat bar iron
Wrought iron

Wrought iron is commercially pure iron. In contrast to steel, it has a very low carbon content. It is a fibrous material due to the slag Inclusion ....
into rods for nail
Nail (engineering)

In engineering, woodworking and construction, a nail is a Pin -shaped, sharp object of hard metal, typically steel, used as a fastener. Nails for specialized purposes may also be made of stainless steel, brass or aluminium....
-making.
A tinplate
Tinplate

Tinplate is sheet carbon steel covered with a thin layer of tin. Before the advent of cheap mild steel the backing metal was wrought iron. While once more widely used, the primary use of tinplate now is the manufacture of tin cans....
works normally contained at least two rolling mills, one for hot rolling
Hot rolling

Hot rolling is a hot working metalworking process where large pieces of metal, such as slabs or billets, are heated above their recrystallization temperature and then deformed between rollers to form thinner cross sections....
and the other for cold rolling
Cold rolling

Cold rolling is a metalworking process in which metal is deformed by passing it through rollers at a temperature below its recrystallization temperature....
single plates, prior to tinning.
From the Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, production, and transportation had a profound effect on the socioeconomics and cultural conditions in United Kingdom....
, puddled iron
Iron

Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. Iron is a Group 8 element and period 4 element. Iron is lustrous and silvery in color....
, after consolidation with a powered hammer (shingling
Shingling (metallurgy)

Shingling was a stage in the production of wrought iron or steel, in the finery forge and puddling furnace processes. As with many ironmaking terms, this is derived from the French - cinglage...
), was rolled into bar iron
Wrought iron

Wrought iron is commercially pure iron. In contrast to steel, it has a very low carbon content. It is a fibrous material due to the slag Inclusion ....
using a rolling mill with grooved rolls. The grooves provided were progressively smaller, so that on successive passes through the rolls, the cross-section of the bar became smaller and the bar itself longer. By designing the rolls appropriately, it is possible to obtain iron or steel with various cross-sections, including I-shaped
I-beam

I-beams are beam with an I- or H-shaped cross section . The horizontal elements are flanges, while the vertical element is the web....
girder
Girder

A girder is a support Beam used in construction. Girders often have an I beam cross section for strength, but may also have a box shape, Z shape or other forms....
s and railway rail
Rail tracks

Rail tracks are used on rail transports , which, together with Railroad switch , guide trains without the need for steering. Tracks consist of two parallel steel Rail profile, which are laid upon Railroad tie that are embedded in track ballast to form the railroad track....
s.

For silversmithing mainly two types are used, a flat one (with two cylindrical rolls) for rolling sheet and one with grooved rolls for rolling octagonal wire. The rolls are made of hardened steel.

You can imagine how this might be used in the process of making aluminum foil. An aluminum ingot enters the rolling mill with a thickness of 45 cm. after passing through a hot rolling mill 12 to 16 times it is reduced to a thickness of just 5 cm. The aluminum then goes to the cold rolling mill to reduce it to its final thickness of less than 0.20320 mm. (.008 in.).

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of a steam-powered rolling mill.
of Rolling Mills

Rolling mill

See also

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