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Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler

 

 
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Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler
 
 
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Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler was a business concern formed in 1867 in Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, the most populous county in the state. The municipality is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately 60 miles west of the Pennsylvania border....
 which was a predecessor of the Standard Oil
Standard Oil

Standard Oil was a predominant United States integrated petroleum producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 as an Ohio Corporation, it was the largest oil refiner in the world and operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations until it was broken up...
 Company. The principals and namesakes were John D. Rockefeller
John D. Rockefeller

John Davison Rockefeller was an United States industrialist and philanthropist. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy....
, William Rockefeller
William Rockefeller

William Avery Rockefeller, Jr. , American financier, was a co-founder with his older brother John D. Rockefeller of the prominent United States Rockefeller family....
, Samuel Andrews
Samuel Andrews

Samuel Andrews was a chemist and inventor. Born in England, he immigrated to the United States before the American Civil War, and settled in Cleveland, Ohio....
, and Henry M. Flagler. Flagler’s wife’s uncle, Stephen V. Harkness
Stephen V. Harkness

Stephen Vanderburgh Harkness was an United States businessman from Cleveland, Ohio, who invested as a silent partner with oil titan John D. Rockefeller in the founding of Standard Oil....
 made substantial investments, but was a silent partner
Silent partner

Silent partner may refer to:*An anonymous member of a business partnership, or one uninvolved in management*The Silent Partner, the name of several films...
 and did not take an active role in running the business.

By 1868, Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler was the largest petroleum
Petroleum

Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, plus other organic compounds....
 refiner in the world.






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Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler was a business concern formed in 1867 in Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, the most populous county in the state. The municipality is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately 60 miles west of the Pennsylvania border....
 which was a predecessor of the Standard Oil
Standard Oil

Standard Oil was a predominant United States integrated petroleum producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 as an Ohio Corporation, it was the largest oil refiner in the world and operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations until it was broken up...
 Company. The principals and namesakes were John D. Rockefeller
John D. Rockefeller

John Davison Rockefeller was an United States industrialist and philanthropist. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy....
, William Rockefeller
William Rockefeller

William Avery Rockefeller, Jr. , American financier, was a co-founder with his older brother John D. Rockefeller of the prominent United States Rockefeller family....
, Samuel Andrews
Samuel Andrews

Samuel Andrews was a chemist and inventor. Born in England, he immigrated to the United States before the American Civil War, and settled in Cleveland, Ohio....
, and Henry M. Flagler. Flagler’s wife’s uncle, Stephen V. Harkness
Stephen V. Harkness

Stephen Vanderburgh Harkness was an United States businessman from Cleveland, Ohio, who invested as a silent partner with oil titan John D. Rockefeller in the founding of Standard Oil....
 made substantial investments, but was a silent partner
Silent partner

Silent partner may refer to:*An anonymous member of a business partnership, or one uninvolved in management*The Silent Partner, the name of several films...
 and did not take an active role in running the business.

By 1868, Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler was the largest petroleum
Petroleum

Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, plus other organic compounds....
 refiner in the world. The partners are credited with recognizing the importance of utilizing and marketing all of the by-products of the refining process, and gaining market and pricing control through shipping rates. Their failed South Improvement Company
South Improvement Company

The South Improvement Company was a Pennsylvania corporation in 1871-1872. It was created by major railroad interests, but was widely seen as part of John D....
 scheme in 1871 in secret collusion with the Pennsylvania Railroad
Pennsylvania Railroad

The Pennsylvania Railroad was an United States railroad, founded in 1846. Commonly referred to as the "Pennsy," the PRR was headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania....
 led independent producers to revolt in western Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , often colloquially referred to as PA by natives and Northeasterners, is a U.S. state located in the Northeastern United States and Mid-Atlantic States regions of the United States....
 in early 1872 and earned Rockefeller, the highest profile partner, much bad public opinion.

However, the partners deployed other more successfully calculated and forceful approaches, which included buying out the competition and the formation of the various Standard Oil companies. By 1879, the Standard Oil Company did about 90 percent of the oil refining in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
.

See also

  • Rockefeller family
    Rockefeller family

    The Rockefeller family, the renowned Cleveland, Ohio family of John D. Rockefeller and his brother William Rockefeller , is an United States industry, banking, and political family of German American origin that made the world's largest private fortune in the History of the petroleum industry in North America during the late 19th and early...