Robert M. Gagné
Encyclopedia
Robert Mills Gagné was an American
educational psychologist
best known for his "Conditions of Learning
". Gagné pioneered the science of instruction during WWII
for the air force with pilot training. Later he went on to develop a series of studies and works that helped codify what he and many others considered to be 'good instruction.' He was also involved in applying concepts of instructional theory to the design of computer-based training
and multimedia
-based learning [reference?].
Gagné's work is sometimes summarized as the Gagné Assumption. The assumption is that different types of learning exist, and that different instructional conditions are most likely to bring about these different types of learning.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
educational psychologist
Educational psychology
Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations. Educational psychology is concerned with how students learn and develop, often focusing...
best known for his "Conditions of Learning
Conditions of Learning
Robert M. Gagne's book Conditions of Learning, originally published in 1965 by Holt, Rinehart and Winston, describes eight kinds of learning and nine events of instruction. This theory of learning involved two steps...
". Gagné pioneered the science of instruction during WWII
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
for the air force with pilot training. Later he went on to develop a series of studies and works that helped codify what he and many others considered to be 'good instruction.' He was also involved in applying concepts of instructional theory to the design of computer-based training
Training
The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies. It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at institutes of...
and multimedia
Multimedia
Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term can be used as a noun or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in contrast to media which use only rudimentary computer display such as text-only, or...
-based learning [reference?].
Gagné's work is sometimes summarized as the Gagné Assumption. The assumption is that different types of learning exist, and that different instructional conditions are most likely to bring about these different types of learning.
Events of Instruction
One of Gagné's major contributions to the theory of instruction was the model "Nine Events of Instruction".- Gain attention
- Inform learner of objectives
- Stimulate recall of prior learning
- Present stimulus material
- Provide learner guidance
- Elicit performance
- Provide feedback
- Assess performance
- Enhance retention and transfer
External links
- Conversation on Instructional Design Home (Gagné and Merrill Video Seminar)