Ricardo Bofill, also
Ricard Bofill Leví (riˈkard buˈfiʎ ɫəˈβi) (born in
BarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
,
CataloniaCatalonia is an autonomous community in northeastern Spain, with the official status of a "nationality" of Spain. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. Its capital and largest city is Barcelona. Catalonia covers an area of 32,114 km² and has an...
, December 5, 1939) is a
CatalanThe Catalans or Catalonians are the people from, or with origins in, Catalonia that form a historical nationality in Spain. The inhabitants of the adjacent portion of southern France are sometimes included in this definition...
Spanish
postmodernistPostmodernism is a philosophical movement evolved in reaction to modernism, the tendency in contemporary culture to accept only objective truth and to be inherently suspicious towards a global cultural narrative or meta-narrative. Postmodernist thought is an intentional departure from the...
architectAn architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
.
He studied at the School of Architecture in
GenevaGeneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
,
SwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. In 1963, he founded a group formed by architects, engineers, sociologists and philosophers, creating the basis for what today is the ‘Taller de Arquitectura’, international team with over 40 years experience in urban design, architecture, parks and gardens designs, and interior design.
Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura
Ricardo Bofill - Taller de Arquitectura is a prominent international studio for
architectureArchitecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and construction. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural and political symbols and as works of art...
, planning and design. Its main office in
BarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
was founded in 1963 by Spanish-Catalan architect Ricardo Bofill.
Organization
The office is led by Ricardo Bofill and two partners, Peter Hodgkinson and
Jean-Pierre Carniaux-Qualifications:- Université de Paris: Master in Mathematics - Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Bachelor of Science in Art and Design - Master of Architecture...
. As of 2011, it employs a staff of around 60 of 12 nationalities, including urban planners, architects, researchers, designers, model makers, interior and industrial designers and graphic designers working in close collaboration.
Urban Design
Major urban design projects by Ricardo Bofill - Taller de Arquitectura include Place de l’Europe (Luxembourg), Nova Karlin (
PraguePrague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
), Port Praski (Warsaw), New Castellana (
MadridMadrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
), Tarragona’s new seafront, Nova Bocana (
BarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
), Puerto Triana (Seville), Central Artery (Boston) and the remodelling of Kobe in
JapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
.
AntigoneThe Antigone District is a neighbourhood part of Montpellier, southern France, at . It is best known for its architectural design by Ricardo Bofill ....
in Montpellier,
FranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
(4 million square feet built) is an entire neighbourhood that has been designed and constructed by Taller de Arquitectura during twenty years.
These projects are typically predicated on the assertion that the city should be formed by streets and squares, in opposition to the model adopted in the construction of isolated blocks separated by extensive open spaces. The underlying model is that of a sustainable Mediterranean city with well-defined public spaces, and in which inhabitants have all the basic services within reasonable walking distance of their homes.
Large Public Buildings
In the field of large transport infrastructures, Taller de Arquitectura designed the 1991 extension and remodelling of Barcelona Airport (now known as Terminal 2) as well as its more recent extension, Terminal 1, completed in 2010 and awarded
2011 Best Airport Southern Europe. Other prominent public projects include the National Theatre of Catalonia in Barcelona, Madrid Congress Centre, the
Arsenal AuditoriumThe Arsenal is a cultural venue dedicated specially to Classical and Erudite musics and located near the Esplanade garden in Metz, capital of the Lorraine region, France...
in Metz (France), the
Shepherd School of MusicThe Shepherd School of Music is a university school of music located on the campus of Rice University in Houston, Texas. Shepherd School is itself very selective, accepting overall about 10-15% of all graduate applicants and 15% of all undergraduate applicants...
for
Rice UniversityWilliam Marsh Rice University, commonly referred to as Rice University or Rice, is a private research university located on a heavily wooded campus in Houston, Texas, United States...
in Houston, the Villa Cultural del Prado in Valladolid, and the Convention and Exhibition Centre in A Coruña.
Hotels and Retail
Five-stars hotels designed by the Taller include Beijing’s Shangri-la Hotel, the Costes K in
ParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, Colombo’s Resort in Porto Santo, Portugal, and more recently the W Barcelona. The Taller has also completed successful retail projects including Atrium Saldanha in
LisbonLisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, the mall
Lazona Kawasaki Plazais a shopping mall in Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. The mall adjoins the west side Kawasaki Station.The project designed by Ricardo Bofill in association with Yamashita Sekkei for Mitsui & Toshiba was inaugurated in September 2006....
in
Tokyo, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
and Funchalcentrum (Portugal).
Housing Projects
Taller de Arquitectura is unusual among prominent global architecture firms for its longstanding focus on large housing projects, including some for lower-income families. It has designed more than 2,000 housing units in
FranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, 1,500 in
SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, 400 in
SwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 350 in the
NetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, including in the Parisian Villes Nouvelles as Les Espaces d’Abraxas in Marne-la-Vallée, Les Arcades du Lac in Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Le Belvedere St. Christophe in Cergy-Pontoise, Les Echelles du Baroque in Paris, Monchyplein in The Hague, the project Pa Soder Crescent, also known as Bofill's bage, in Stockholm, and more recently mixed-use projects in Savona (Italy).
The design studies for precast concrete units or for the moulds for in situ shuttering, prompted by the need to obtain a large number of different forms from the combination of a very limited number of units contributed, in the 1980s, to the Taller’s affirmation of the validity of classical forms and
geometryGeometry arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships. Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers ....
in
contemporary architectureContemporary architecture is generally speaking the architecture of the present time.The term contemporary architecture is also applied to a range of styles of recently built structures and space which are optimized for current use....
.
Landscape
From “
garden citiesThe garden city movement is a method of urban planning that was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom. Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained communities surrounded by "greenbelts" , containing proportionate areas of residences, industry and...
”, to large urban green areas that become the back-bone of cities, Taller de Arquitectura has created more than 100 designs for parks from
Puerto RicoPuerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...
to
BeijingBeijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
. Many landscape projects designed by the Taller involve the presence of the river: the
TuriaThe Turia is a small river, 9 km in length and an altitude of 250 m above the sea, which rises in the town of Taramundi and drains into the Eo River in the town of Puente Nuevo ....
gardens built on Valencia’s riverbed, the landscaping of the Lez river banks in Montpellier, the Manzanera Park in Madrid…
Urban Impact
Many of the Taller projects have become familiar and symbolic landmarks in their respective locations. However at the time of their creation they sometimes have appeared radical, stirring occasional controversy.
Partial list of Bofill projects
- W Barcelona hotel (also known as Vela Hotel), (Barcelona Port), 2009
- Citadel Center
Citadel Center is a 580ft tall skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, designed by Spanish-Catalan architect Ricardo Bofill. The 44th tallest building in Chicago was completed in 2003 and has 39 floors. A limited-edition cast of the Winged Victory of Samothrace, one of the world's most famous sculptures,...
(Chicago), 2003
- Cartier Head office (Paris), 2003
- Shiseido Building (Tokyo), 2001
- Miguel Delibes Cultural Center (Valladolid
Valladolid is a historic city and municipality in north-central Spain, situated at the confluence of the Pisuerga and Esgueva rivers, and located within three wine-making regions: Ribera del Duero, Rueda and Cigales...
, Spain), 2001
- Corso, Prague (Czech Republic), 2000
- Weidert Residential Complex (Luxembourg), 1999
- Casablanca Twin Center
The Casablanca Twin Center is a complex of two skyscrapers located at Casablanca, Morocco. The two structures, the West Tower and the East Tower have 28 floors each. It is a complex of shops, offices and a 5 star hotel...
(Morocco), 1999
- Teatre Nacional de Catalunya
Teatre Nacional de Catalunya is a public theatre in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain created by the Culture Department of the Catalan Government....
(Barcelona), 1997
- Madrid Congress Center, 1993
- 77 West Wacker Drive
77 West Wacker Drive, also known as the United Building, is an office building in the Loop, Chicago. Finished in 1992, the building rises to a height of 668 ft with around of interior space. The building, with 51 floors, was designed by Ricardo Bofill...
(Chicago), 1992
- Bofills båge
Bofills Båge, is a residential building on Södermalm, Stockholm, Sweden, at . The structure also goes by the name of "Pa Soder Crescent." The building was designed by the Spanish architect Ricardo Bofill and constructed between 1991 and 1992....
, StockholmStockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
, SwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, 1992
- Barcelona Airport T2 (Barcelona), 1988–91
- L'Arsenal
The Arsenal is a cultural venue dedicated specially to Classical and Erudite musics and located near the Esplanade garden in Metz, capital of the Lorraine region, France...
, MetzMetz is a city in the northeast of France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.Metz is the capital of the Lorraine region and prefecture of the Moselle department. Located near the tripoint along the junction of France, Germany, and Luxembourg, Metz forms a central place...
, France, 1985-1989
- Shepherd School of Music
The Shepherd School of Music is a university school of music located on the campus of Rice University in Houston, Texas. Shepherd School is itself very selective, accepting overall about 10-15% of all graduate applicants and 15% of all undergraduate applicants...
(Houston), 1988
- Turia’s Gardens, Valencia (Spain), 1988
- Château Lafite Rothschild (Pauillac
Pauillac is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in southwestern France.-Population:-Wine:The commune consists of only 3000 acres of vineyards in the Haut-Médoc between the villages of Saint-Julien to the south and Saint-Estèphe to the north, but is home to three of Bordeaux's five...
, France), 1986
- Les Colonnes Belvedere Saint Christophe Housing Complex (Paris), 1986
- Les Temples du Lac, Paris, 1986
- The Golden Number Plaza, Montpellier
-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
(France), 1984
- The Spaces of Abraxas, (Paris), 1982
- Antigone
The Antigone District is a neighbourhood part of Montpellier, southern France, at . It is best known for its architectural design by Ricardo Bofill ....
(Montpellier, France), 1978–2000
- The Meritxell Shrine, (Andorra
Andorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra, , is a small landlocked country in southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe having an area of...
), 1974
- Walden 7
The Walden 7 is an apartment building designed by Ricardo Bofill's team and located in the town of Sant Just Desvern, close to Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. The original project includes 446 residences. The name of the building is inspired by B. F...
,
- Muralla Roja (Calp, Spain), 1973
Main Exhibitions
- Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura, Projectos e edifícios. Museu Casa da Luz, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. Sept. 2001
- Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura. Three Cities, Three Projects. Pristasvni Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic. July-August 2000
- Le Architetture dello spazio pubblico, Barcelona Airport, Milano Triennale, Italy. 1997-99
- Project for Bologna Central Station, Bologna Municipality, Italy. 1995
- Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura, Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
, China. 1993
- Architecture & Sacred Space in Modernity, Venice Biennale
The Venice Biennale is a major contemporary art exhibition that takes place once every two years in Venice, Italy. The Venice Film Festival is part of it. So too is the Venice Biennale of Architecture, which is held in even years...
, Italy. 1992-93
- Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura: Memory-Future, Recent Project. The Chicago Athaeneum, U.S.A. 1992
- Barcelona the City and the '92, Venice Biennale, Italy. 1992
- Barcelona
Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
la ciutat i el 92, IMPU, Depósito de la Aguas, Barcelona, Spain. 1990
- Urban Furniture, Rotterdamse Kunst Stichting, Rotterdam
Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
, Holland. 1989
- Catalonian Art in New York (Design & Arts & Fashion), Armory, New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
, U.S.A. 1990
- R.B.Taller de Arquitectura, Musée d'Ixelles, Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
, Belgium. 1989
- R.B. Taller de Arquitectura, Stichting de Beurs Van Berlage, Amsterdam, Holland. 1989
- La Coruña, El Mar y la Ciudad. Palacio Municipal de Exposiciones, Kiosco Alfonso. La Coruña, Spain. 1986
- R.B. Taller de Arquitectura, The City, Classicism
Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical antiquity, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained: of the Discobolus Sir Kenneth Clark observed, "if we object to his restraint...
and TechnologyTechnology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, machinery, and procedures. The word technology comes ;...
, Max Protetch Gallery, New York NY, U.S.A. 1985
- Ricardo Bofill and Leon Krier, Architecture, Urbanism and History, New York. 1985
- Architecture Espagnole (Années 30-80) Europalia '85, Brussels, Belgium. 1985
- Domaine Clos Pegase Winery Competition , San Francisco, U.S.A. 1985
- Spaanse Kunst 1984, (Spanish Art), Nouvelles Images Gallery, The Hague
The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...
, Holland. 1984
- Follies: Architecture for the Late XXth Century Landscape, J. Corcoran Gallery, Los Angeles
Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
, New York NY, U.S.A. 1984
- Follies, Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Madrid, Spain. 1984
- Primera Semana de Video y Arquitectura, Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, Spain. 1984
- Arquitectura de Tierra, Palau Lonja Valencia, Spain. 1984
- Les Places d'Europe-Histoire et Actualité d'un Espace Public, Centre Pompidou, Paris, France. 1984
- Image et Imaginaire de l'Architecture, Centre Pompidou
People named Pompidou include:*Georges Pompidou, former French Prime Minister and President*Alain Pompidou, foster son of Georges Pompidou and President of the European Patent Office from July 1, 2004 to June 30, 2007Named after President Pompidou is:...
, Paris, France. 1984
- Architecture et Industrie. Passé et avenir d'un mariage de raison, Centre Pompidou, Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, France. 1984
- Follies: Architecture for the Late XXth Century Landscape, Leo Castelli Gallery, New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
, U.S.A. 1983
- El Jardí del Turia -Metamorfosi della Cittá tra Cultura e Natura- Un esempio Spagnolo, Palazzo Braschi, Rome, Italy. 1983
- Modern Islamic Architecture
Islamic architecture encompasses a wide range of both secular and religious styles from the foundation of Islam to the present day, influencing the design and construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture....
, Biennale 1982, VeniceMostra di Architettura di Venezia, the Architecture section of the Venice Biennale, was established in 1980, although architecture had been a part of the art biennale since 1968....
, Italy. 1982
- El Jardí del Turia , Palau Lonja Valencia, Spain. 1982
- The Presence of the Past, The International Architecture Exhibition from the Venice Biennale
The Venice Biennale is a major contemporary art exhibition that takes place once every two years in Venice, Italy. The Venice Film Festival is part of it. So too is the Venice Biennale of Architecture, which is held in even years...
, Fort Mason Center, San Francisco, CA,U.S.A. 1982
- Presence de l'Histoire, Chapelle de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France. 1981
- Projets Français 1971-1981-La Cité: Histoire et Technologie, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Beaux Arts, Paris, France. 1981
- Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura, Architectural Association, London, U.K. 1981
- La Strada Novissima, Biennale 1980, Venezia, Italy. 1980
- Taller de Arquitectura, Centro de Arte y de Cultura, Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
, Argentina. 1976
- Mostra di Architettura, Biennale 1976, Venezia, Italy. 1976
- Les Halles, Hotel de la Ville, Paris, France. 1976
- La Ciudad en el Espacio, Galeria Mente 4, Madrid, Spain. 1969
"Circles", 1968
Technical Information
• Color, 35 mm
• Runtime: 17 minutes
• Director: Ricardo Bofill
• Co-director: Carles Durán
• Actors: Serena Vergano, Salvador Clotas
• Phography: Juan Amorós
Presented at Festival de Tours, France, 1968
"Schizo", 1970
Technical Information
• Color, 35 mm
• Runtime: 60 minutes
• Director: Ricardo Bofill
• Co-director: Carles Durán, Manolo Núñez Yanosvski
• Actors: Serena Vergano, Modesto Bertrán
• Phography: Juan Amorós
• Coreography: Antonio Miralles
Presented at 48 Mostra Cinematografica Internazionale di Venezia, Sala Volpi, 1991.
Presented in a museum space for the first time as part of the exhibition
Subversive Practices, this work has remained virtually unknown , with few public screenings, for almost forty years. Its original subtitle - A Fictious Report on the Architecture of the Brain – does not just refer to the process-based methodology characteristics of conceptual practices and “information art” but also indicates the type of activities carried out by the Taller de Arquitectura. This multidisciplinary platform was created in 1960 by Ricardo Bofill. Its collaborators included poets such as
José Agustín GoytisoloJosé Agustín Goytisolo Gay, , was a Spanish poet, scholar and essayist. He was the brother of Juan Goytisolo and Luis Goytisolo, also writers.- Biography :...
, politicians like Salvador Clotas, artists like Daniel Argimon and Joan Ponç, actresses like Serena Vergano, and, lastly, architects such as Anna Bofill, Peter H. Hodgkinson, Ramón Collado, Xavier Bagué, and Manuel Nuñez Yanovsky .The
filmA film, also called a movie or motion picture, is a series of still or moving images. It is produced by recording photographic images with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or visual effects...
is a study of the relationship between
artArt is the product or process of deliberately arranging items in a way that influences and affects one or more of the senses, emotions, and intellect....
and madness and describes the horror of the human condition – a mere instant between nothingness and nothingness. The piece is an experimental documentary on the structure of a
brainThe brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals—only a few primitive invertebrates such as sponges, jellyfish, sea squirts and starfishes do not have one. It is located in the head, usually close to primary sensory apparatus such as vision, hearing,...
, reflecting the disquiet of an
artistAn artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
and his distorted vision of the world.
See also
- Vela hotel
- 77 West Wacker Drive
77 West Wacker Drive, also known as the United Building, is an office building in the Loop, Chicago. Finished in 1992, the building rises to a height of 668 ft with around of interior space. The building, with 51 floors, was designed by Ricardo Bofill...
- Lazona Kawasaki Plaza
is a shopping mall in Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. The mall adjoins the west side Kawasaki Station.The project designed by Ricardo Bofill in association with Yamashita Sekkei for Mitsui & Toshiba was inaugurated in September 2006....
- Teatre Nacional de Catalunya
Teatre Nacional de Catalunya is a public theatre in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain created by the Culture Department of the Catalan Government....
- Shiseido
is a major Japanese hair care and cosmetics producer. It is the oldest cosmetics company in the world and the fourth largest cosmetics company in the world.-History:...
- Château Lafite Rothschild
External links
Gallery