Redland, Bristol
Encyclopedia
Redland is an affluent suburb
in Bristol
, England
. The suburb is situated between Clifton
, Cotham
, Bishopston
and Westbury Park
. The boundaries of the district are not precisely defined, but are generally taken to be Whiteladies Road
in the west, the Severn Beach railway line
in the south and Cranbrook Road in the east.
Redland is also the name of a council ward
, which covers a slightly different area. Redland ward extends to the southern part of Bishopston, and does not include the part of Redland south of Redland Road, which is in Cotham ward.
Redland is known as a popular student
accommodation area, particularly with second and third year students from the city's universities
.
For many centuries Redland was in the large parish of Westbury-on-Trym. It was incorporated into the city and county of Bristol in 1896, although it remained in the ecclesiastical parish of Westbury-on-Trym until 1942.
In 1732 the Redland estate was acquired by John Cossins (d.1759) from his wife's uncle George Martin. He replaced the old manor house with Redland Court, a house of Classical design. The estate was sold off in 1865, and the area was then developed for housing.
parish
church
Redland Chapel
, which was built, probably by John Strahan
with plasterwork by Thomas Paty
, in 1742 as a private chapel
for the local manor house, Redland Court, though it was not consecrated until 1790. It eventually became the parish church
when the parish of Redland was separated from Westbury-on-Trym in 1942 and, unusually, has no dedication to a patron saint
. It is a Grade I listed building.
The Swedenborgian church in nearby Cranbrook Road was erected in 1899 and is still in use. The congregation was formed in 1791 and had a church in Terrel Street. The present gothic church was designed by a Mr Paul of Wells Road and was intended to be a lecture hall alongside a larger church that was never built. Neil Marchant wrote a book ' Like A River Flowing' which can be obtained at the church which covers the history of this church.
Trinity United Reformed Church in Cranbrook Road closed recently and has been converted into houses. The church began in the recently demolished church hall of 1901 which was demolished for the car park. The main church was built in 1907 to the designs of Phillip Munro in a very Scottish kind of Gothic.
Redland Park United Reformed Church on the Redland side of Whiteladies Road was founded in 1861 (as Redland Park Congregational Church). The building was destroyed in the Bristol Blitz
in 1940, and the new church was opened in 1957.
, a secondary school near to Redland Green.
buildings and a small number of mid-twentieth century ones.
Redland Court, which is now Redland High School, was built between 1732 and 1735 John Strachan
, for John Cossins
, on the site of an Elizabethan House which previously stood on the same site. It is grade II* listed, as are the piers and gates at the main entrance, the perimeter wall, piers and gates to Redland Chapel churchyard and the West gateway and attached garden wall and balustrade.
There are at least twenty individual houses in Redland having grade II or II* listing.
on the Severn Beach Line.
Redland is served by bus services operated by First Bristol
. The central part of Redland is served by routes 8 and 9, Cranbrook Road is served by routes 20 and 21, and several routes serve Whiteladies Road.
constituency
.
Redland ward in the Bristol City Council returns two councillors every four years. The incumbents Sylvia Townsend and Fi Hance both represent the Liberal Democrats
.
is held on Redland Green
. This is called the "Redland Fair", the "Redland May Fair", or simply "the may fair", and takes place on the May Day
bank holiday
. This is commonly regarded in Bristol as the best fair to go to on the May Day bank holiday.
Suburb
The word suburb mostly refers to a residential area, either existing as part of a city or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city . Some suburbs have a degree of administrative autonomy, and most have lower population density than inner city neighborhoods...
in Bristol
Bristol
Bristol is a city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, with an estimated population of 433,100 for the unitary authority in 2009, and a surrounding Larger Urban Zone with an estimated 1,070,000 residents in 2007...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. The suburb is situated between Clifton
Clifton, Bristol
Clifton is a suburb of the City of Bristol in England, and the name of both one of the city's thirty-five council wards. The Clifton ward also includes the areas of Cliftonwood and Hotwells...
, Cotham
Cotham, Bristol
Cotham is the name of both a council ward of the city of Bristol in the United Kingdom, and a suburb of the city that falls within that ward. The ward comprises the Cotham suburb, and a small portion of Redland, which is another Bristol suburb.-Cotham:...
, Bishopston
Bishopston, Bristol
Bishopston the name of both a council ward of the city of Bristol, England, and a suburb of the city that falls within that ward. Bishopston is situated around the Gloucester Road , the main northern arterial road in the city. The ward includes St Bonaventures and Ashley Down parishes, as well as...
and Westbury Park
Westbury Park, Bristol
Westbury Park is a suburb of the city of Bristol, United Kingdom. It lies to the east of Durdham Down between the districts of Redland and Henleaze...
. The boundaries of the district are not precisely defined, but are generally taken to be Whiteladies Road
Whiteladies Road
Whiteladies Road is a main road in Bristol, England. It runs north from the Victoria Rooms to Durdham Down, and separates Clifton on the west side from Redland on the east...
in the west, the Severn Beach railway line
Severn Beach Line
The Severn Beach Line is a local railway in Bristol, UK. It runs from Narroways Hill Junction to Severn Beach, and is the successor to the Bristol Port Railway and Pier, which ran from a Bristol terminus in the Avon Gorge to a station and pier on the Severn Estuary.Passenger trains run from Bristol...
in the south and Cranbrook Road in the east.
Redland is also the name of a council ward
Wards of the United Kingdom
A ward in the United Kingdom is an electoral district at sub-national level represented by one or more councillors. It is the primary unit of British administrative and electoral geography .-England:...
, which covers a slightly different area. Redland ward extends to the southern part of Bishopston, and does not include the part of Redland south of Redland Road, which is in Cotham ward.
Redland is known as a popular student
Student
A student is a learner, or someone who attends an educational institution. In some nations, the English term is reserved for those who attend university, while a schoolchild under the age of eighteen is called a pupil in English...
accommodation area, particularly with second and third year students from the city's universities
University
A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects. A university is an organisation that provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education...
.
History
There are different views of the origin of the name Redland. One source says that in the 11th century it was known as Rudeland, possibly from Old English rudding, meaning "cleared land". Another source points to a mention in 1209 as Thriddeland, probably meaning "the third part of an estate". Yet another source refers to a mention in 1230 of Rubea Terra and a later mention as la Rede Londe, derived from the red colour of the soil.For many centuries Redland was in the large parish of Westbury-on-Trym. It was incorporated into the city and county of Bristol in 1896, although it remained in the ecclesiastical parish of Westbury-on-Trym until 1942.
In 1732 the Redland estate was acquired by John Cossins (d.1759) from his wife's uncle George Martin. He replaced the old manor house with Redland Court, a house of Classical design. The estate was sold off in 1865, and the area was then developed for housing.
Churches
The suburb is known for its GeorgianGeorgian architecture
Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I of Great Britain, George II of Great Britain, George III of the United...
parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
church
Local church
A local church is a Christian congregation of members and clergy.Local church may also refer to:* Local churches , a Christian group based on the teachings of Watchman Nee and Witness Lee, and associated with the Living Stream Ministry publishing house.* Parish church, a local church united with...
Redland Chapel
Redland Chapel
Redland Chapel is a Georgian parish church in the Redland suburb of Bristol, England.It which was built, probably by John Strahan or William Halfpenny, with plasterwork by Thomas Paty, in 1742 as a private chapel for the local manor house, Redland Court, which is now Redland High School, though it...
, which was built, probably by John Strahan
John Strahan
John Strahan was an architect working in Bristol and Bath, England in the early 18th century. He died around 1740.-List of works:* Shakespeare Public House, Bristol * Combe Hay Manor Combe Hay 1728 to 1730* Frampton Court, Frampton-on-Severn...
with plasterwork by Thomas Paty
Thomas Paty
Thomas Paty was a British surveyor, architect and mason working mainly in Bristol. He worked with his sons John Paty and William Paty.-List of works:* Bristol Bridge , with James Bridges...
, in 1742 as a private chapel
Chapel
A chapel is a building used by Christians as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building,...
for the local manor house, Redland Court, though it was not consecrated until 1790. It eventually became the parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
when the parish of Redland was separated from Westbury-on-Trym in 1942 and, unusually, has no dedication to a patron saint
Patron saint
A patron saint is a saint who is regarded as the intercessor and advocate in heaven of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or person...
. It is a Grade I listed building.
The Swedenborgian church in nearby Cranbrook Road was erected in 1899 and is still in use. The congregation was formed in 1791 and had a church in Terrel Street. The present gothic church was designed by a Mr Paul of Wells Road and was intended to be a lecture hall alongside a larger church that was never built. Neil Marchant wrote a book ' Like A River Flowing' which can be obtained at the church which covers the history of this church.
Trinity United Reformed Church in Cranbrook Road closed recently and has been converted into houses. The church began in the recently demolished church hall of 1901 which was demolished for the car park. The main church was built in 1907 to the designs of Phillip Munro in a very Scottish kind of Gothic.
Redland Park United Reformed Church on the Redland side of Whiteladies Road was founded in 1861 (as Redland Park Congregational Church). The building was destroyed in the Bristol Blitz
Bristol Blitz
Bristol was the fifth most heavily bombed British city of World War II. The presence of Bristol Harbour and the Bristol Aeroplane Company made it a target for bombing by the Nazi German Luftwaffe who were able to trace a course up the River Avon from Avonmouth using reflected moonlight on the...
in 1940, and the new church was opened in 1957.
Schools
Redland is home to the Redland High School which takes girls through their secondary years. It also houses the new flagship Redland Green SchoolRedland Green School
Redland Green School is a secondary school in Bristol, England, having facilities for 760 students aged 11 to 16 year-olds, 450 post-16 students, and dedicated facilities for 50 students with learning difficulties....
, a secondary school near to Redland Green.
Other listed buildings
The architecture of the buildings is generally Georgian but with some VictorianVictorian architecture
The term Victorian architecture refers collectively to several architectural styles employed predominantly during the middle and late 19th century. The period that it indicates may slightly overlap the actual reign, 20 June 1837 – 22 January 1901, of Queen Victoria. This represents the British and...
buildings and a small number of mid-twentieth century ones.
Redland Court, which is now Redland High School, was built between 1732 and 1735 John Strachan
John Strachan
John Strachan was an influential figure in Upper Canada and the first Anglican Bishop of Toronto.-Early life:Strachan was the youngest of six children born to a quarry worker in Aberdeen, Scotland. He graduated from King's College, Aberdeen in 1797...
, for John Cossins
John Cossins
John Cossins was an early map maker, renowned for the following city maps:* plan of Leeds titled "A New and Exact Plan of the Town of Leedes"...
, on the site of an Elizabethan House which previously stood on the same site. It is grade II* listed, as are the piers and gates at the main entrance, the perimeter wall, piers and gates to Redland Chapel churchyard and the West gateway and attached garden wall and balustrade.
There are at least twenty individual houses in Redland having grade II or II* listing.
Transportation
The southern part of Redland is served by Redland railway stationRedland railway station
Redland railway station is a small station on the Severn Beach Line on South Road in Redland, Bristol, England. It was opened 12 years after the line, in April 1897, following a petition by local residents. It lies between Montpelier railway station and Clifton Down railway station. It is a...
on the Severn Beach Line.
Redland is served by bus services operated by First Bristol
First Bristol
First Bristol is a bus operator based in Bristol, England. It is part of FirstGroup, and is the dominant public transport company in the city.-History:...
. The central part of Redland is served by routes 8 and 9, Cranbrook Road is served by routes 20 and 21, and several routes serve Whiteladies Road.
Politics
Redland is within the Bristol West ParliamentaryParliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
constituency
United Kingdom constituencies
In the United Kingdom , each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly.Within the United Kingdom there are now five bodies with members elected by constituencies:...
.
Redland ward in the Bristol City Council returns two councillors every four years. The incumbents Sylvia Townsend and Fi Hance both represent the Liberal Democrats
Liberal Democrats
The Liberal Democrats are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom which supports constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, wealth taxation, human rights laws, cultural liberalism, banking reform and civil liberties .The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the...
.
Local events
At the start of every May a fêteFête
Fête is a French word meaning festival, celebration or party, which has passed into English as a label that may be given to certain events.-Description:It is widely used in England and Australia in the context of a village fête,...
is held on Redland Green
Redland Green
Redland Green is a park in the Bristol suburb of Redland. The park consists of a grassed area and scrub and woodland managed as wildlife habitats by Bristol City Council in partnership with local community groups...
. This is called the "Redland Fair", the "Redland May Fair", or simply "the may fair", and takes place on the May Day
May Day
May Day on May 1 is an ancient northern hemisphere spring festival and usually a public holiday; it is also a traditional spring holiday in many cultures....
bank holiday
Bank Holiday
A bank holiday is a public holiday in the United Kingdom or a colloquialism for public holiday in Ireland. There is no automatic right to time off on these days, although the majority of the population is granted time off work or extra pay for working on these days, depending on their contract...
. This is commonly regarded in Bristol as the best fair to go to on the May Day bank holiday.