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Rana (genus)
Encyclopedia
Rana is a genus
of frog
s. Species
include such archetypal pond frogs as the common frog
of Europe, brown frogs, and the New and Old World true frog
s, including the various species of leopard frog
s and the American bullfrog. Members of this genus are found through much of Eurasia
, North America
, Africa
, Central America
, and the northern half of South America
. Many other genera were formerly included here; see below for details.
These true frog
s are usually largish species characterized by their slim waists and wrinkled skin; many have thin ridges running along their backs but they generally lack "warts" like in typical toad
s. They are excellent jumpers due to their long slender legs. The typical webbing found on their hind feet allows for easy movement through water. Coloration is mostly greens and browns above, with darker and yellowish spots.
may breed throughout the year. Males of most of the species are known to call, but a few species are thought to be voiceless. Females lay eggs in rafts or large, globular clusters, and can produce up to 20,000 at one time.
placed in this genus
; many other species formerly placed in Rana are now placed elsewhere. Rana is now restricted to the New World true frogs and the Eurasian brown and pond frogs of the common frog
R. temporaria group. The validity and delimitation of the subgenera are somewhat disputed.
Genera recently split from Rana are Babina, Clinotarsus
(including Nasirana), Glandirana, Hydrophylax, Hylarana
, Odorrana
(including Wurana), Pelophylax
, Pulchrana, Sanguirana and Sylvirana. Of these, Odorrana is so closely related to Rana proper that it could conceivably be included here once again. The others seem to be far more distant relatives, in particular Pelophylax.
New species are still being described in some numbers.
The harpist brown frog (also known as Kampira Falls frog or Yaeyama harpist frog) was formerly known as R. psaltes; it was subsequently identified as the long-known R. okinavana. The latter name has been misapplied to the Ryūkyū brown frog, but the harpist brown frog is a rather distinct species that apparently belongs in Babina or Nidirana if these are considered valid.
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of frog
Frog
Frogs are amphibians in the order Anura , formerly referred to as Salientia . Most frogs are characterized by a short body, webbed digits , protruding eyes and the absence of a tail...
s. Species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
include such archetypal pond frogs as the common frog
Common Frog
The Common Frog, Rana temporaria also known as the European Common Frog or European Common Brown Frog is found throughout much of Europe as far north as well north of the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and as far east as the Urals, except for most of Iberia, southern Italy, and the southern Balkans...
of Europe, brown frogs, and the New and Old World true frog
True frog
The true frogs, family Ranidae, have the widest distribution of any frog family. They are abundant throughout most of the world, occurring on most continents except Antarctica...
s, including the various species of leopard frog
Leopard frog
Leopard frogs, also called meadow frogs, are the archetypal "grass frogs" of North America, a collection of about 14 species within the true frog genus Rana. They are generally very similar, green with prominent black spotting...
s and the American bullfrog. Members of this genus are found through much of Eurasia
Eurasia
Eurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...
, North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Central America
Central America
Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent...
, and the northern half of South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
. Many other genera were formerly included here; see below for details.
These true frog
True frog
The true frogs, family Ranidae, have the widest distribution of any frog family. They are abundant throughout most of the world, occurring on most continents except Antarctica...
s are usually largish species characterized by their slim waists and wrinkled skin; many have thin ridges running along their backs but they generally lack "warts" like in typical toad
Toad
A toad is any of a number of species of amphibians in the order Anura characterized by dry, leathery skin , short legs, and snoat-like parotoid glands...
s. They are excellent jumpers due to their long slender legs. The typical webbing found on their hind feet allows for easy movement through water. Coloration is mostly greens and browns above, with darker and yellowish spots.
Distribution an habitat
Many frogs in this genus breed in early spring, although subtropical and tropical speciesSpecies
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
may breed throughout the year. Males of most of the species are known to call, but a few species are thought to be voiceless. Females lay eggs in rafts or large, globular clusters, and can produce up to 20,000 at one time.
Diet
Rana species feed mainly on insects and invertebrates, but will swallow anything they can fit into their mouths, including small vertebrates. Among their predators are egrets, crocodiles and snakes.Systematics
There are now some 90 speciesSpecies
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
placed in this genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
; many other species formerly placed in Rana are now placed elsewhere. Rana is now restricted to the New World true frogs and the Eurasian brown and pond frogs of the common frog
Common Frog
The Common Frog, Rana temporaria also known as the European Common Frog or European Common Brown Frog is found throughout much of Europe as far north as well north of the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and as far east as the Urals, except for most of Iberia, southern Italy, and the southern Balkans...
R. temporaria group. The validity and delimitation of the subgenera are somewhat disputed.
Genera recently split from Rana are Babina, Clinotarsus
Clinotarsus
Clinotarsus is genus of Ranid frogs containing at least two species. This genus was originally part of Rana. Members of this genus are found in India and Southeast Asia....
(including Nasirana), Glandirana, Hydrophylax, Hylarana
Hylarana
Hylarana is a widespread genus of true frogs found in tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia. It includes around 86 species.-Taxonomy:Hylarana was previously considered to be a subgenus of the genus Rana. It was recognized as a distinct genus in 2005...
, Odorrana
Odorrana
Odorrana is a genus of true frogs from East Asia and surrounding regions. Many of these frogs inhabit fast-flowing mountain streams, and they typically have a remarkably pointed snout, as evidenced by common names like "long-snout" or "tip-nosed frog" and scientific names like nasica or nasutus...
(including Wurana), Pelophylax
Pelophylax
Pelophylax is a genus of true frogs widespread in Eurasia, with a few species ranging into northern Africa. This genus was erected by Leopold Fitzinger in 1843 to accommodate the "green frogs" of the Old World, which he considered distinct from the brown pond frogs of Linnaeus' genus Rana.They are...
, Pulchrana, Sanguirana and Sylvirana. Of these, Odorrana is so closely related to Rana proper that it could conceivably be included here once again. The others seem to be far more distant relatives, in particular Pelophylax.
New species are still being described in some numbers.
Species
- Rana amurensis – Siberian Tree Frog, Siberian Wood Frog, Amur Brown Frog
- Rana areolata – Crawfish FrogCrawfish FrogThe Crawfish Frog is a species of aquatic frog native to the central United States. It gets its name because crayfish are its primary diet, and it inhabits crayfish burrows. It is also known as the Ringed Frog, in its northern ranges as Hoosier Frog, and in its southern ranges as the Texas Frog...
, Ringed Frog, Hoosier Frog, Texas Frog - Rana arvalis – Moor FrogMoor FrogThe Moor Frog is a slim, reddish-brown, semi-aquatic amphibian native to Europe and Asia. It is a member of the family Ranidae, or "true frogs".-Taxonomy:...
- Rana asiatica – Central Asiatic Frog, Asian Frog
- Rana aurora – Northern Red-legged FrogNorthern Red-legged FrogThe northern red-legged frog is a species of amphibian, whose range is the coastal region stretching from southwest British Columbia to Northern California, and is protected in British Columbia, Oregon and California. As a member of the genus Rana, this species is considered a true frog, with...
- Rana berlandieri – Rio Grande Leopard FrogRio Grande Leopard FrogThe Rio Grande Leopard Frog is a species of aquatic frog native to the southern United States in Texas and New Mexico, and south through to central Mexico. It is also sometimes referred to as the Mexican Leopard Frog...
, Mexican Leopard Frog - Rana blairi – Plains Leopard FrogPlains Leopard FrogThe Plains Leopard Frog It is sometimes referred to as Blair's Leopard Frog, named after the noted zoologist and University of Texas professor, Dr. W. Frank Blair.- Description :...
, Blair's Leopard Frog - Rana boylii – Foothill Yellow-legged FrogFoothill Yellow-legged FrogThe Foothill Yellow-legged Frog is a small-sized frog from the Rana genus in the Ranidae family. This species can be found from northern Oregon, down California’s west coast, and into Baja California, Mexico. Both the Columbia Spotted Frog and the Cascades Frog, also part of the Rana genus, live...
- Rana brownorum
- Rana bwanaRana bwanaThe Rio Chipillico Frog, Rana bwana, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Ecuador and Peru.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marches, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.It...
– Rio Chipillico Frog - Rana camerani
- Rana capito – Gopher FrogGopher FrogThe Gopher Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is endemic to the Southeastern United States. It primarily inhabits the threatened sandhill communities, flatwoods, and scrub in the Atlantic coastal plain, where it is usually found near ponds.-Subspecies:Its two subspecies include...
- Rana cascadae – Cascades FrogCascades FrogThe Cascades Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in western United States and possibly Canada, mainly in the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains.-Description:-Appearance:...
- Rana catesbeiana – American Bullfrog
- Rana chaochiaoensisRana chaochiaoensisRana chaochiaoensis, the Chaochiao Frog, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in China, possibly Myanmar, and possibly Vietnam....
– Chaochiao Frog - Rana chensinensis – Asiatic Grass FrogAsiatic Grass FrogThe Asiatic Grass Frog or Chinese Brown Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in China, Mongolia, possibly North Korea, and possibly Russia....
, Chinese Brown Frog - Rana chevrontaRana chevrontaThe Chevron-spotted Brown Frog, Rana chevronta, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to China.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marches.It is threatened by habitat loss....
– Chevron-spotted Brown Frog - Rana chichicuahutlaRana chichicuahutlaRana chichicuahutla is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Santos-Barrera, G. 2004. . Downloaded on 23 July 2007....
- Rana chiricahuensis – Chiricahua Leopard FrogChiricahua Leopard FrogThe Chiricahua Leopard Frog, Rana chiricahuensis, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is found in Mexico and the United States. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes,...
- Rana clamitans – Green Frog
- Rana coreanaRana coreanaThe Korean brown frog is a species of frog in the genus Rana. It is native to the Korean Peninsula....
- Rana dalmatina – Agile FrogAgile FrogThe Agile Frog is a frog in the genus Rana in the family of the true frogs.-Physical description:This species are skinny and have long limbs and a pointy snout. Adult males are rarely larger than 6.5 centimeters, while females can get up to 8 centimeters. Its ventral surface is light brown,...
- Rana draytonii – California Red-legged FrogCalifornia Red-legged FrogThe California red-legged frog, Rana draytonii, is a moderate to large species of frog. It is known under the scientific name Rana draytonii, after being long included with the northern red-legged frog The California red-legged frog, Rana draytonii, is a moderate to large (4.4–14 cm) species...
- Rana dunniRana dunniRana dunni is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico, where it is locally known as rana de Pátzcuaro.Its natural habitats are rivers, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes.It is threatened by habitat loss....
- Rana dybowskii – Dybowski's FrogDybowski's frogThe Dybowski's frog, Rana dybowskii, is a species of true frog found in Northeast Asia. It is found in the Russian Far East, the Korean Peninsula, and the Japanese island of Tsushima...
- Rana fisheri – Vegas Valley Leopard FrogVegas Valley Leopard FrogThe Vegas Valley Leopard frog is a species of frog previously declared extinct. Once it occurred in the Las Vegas Valley, as well as Tule Springs, Clark County, southern Nevada, United States of America, at elevations between 370 and 760 m. It was believed to be the only frog endemic to the United...
- Rana forreriRana forreriRana forreri is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
- Rana graeca – Greek Stream FrogGreek Stream FrogThe Greek Stream Frog or simply Greek Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, and possibly Turkey....
, Greek Frog - Rana grylio – Pig FrogPig FrogThe Pig Frog is a species of aquatic frog found in the south-eastern United States, from the state of South Carolina to Texas. Some sources also refer to it as the Lagoon Frog or the Southern Bullfrog.- Physical description :...
- Rana hanluicaRana hanluicaRana hanluica is a species of frog in the genus Rana. It is endemic to China....
- Rana heckscheri – River FrogRiver FrogThe River Frog is a species of frog in the family Ranidae.It is endemic to the United States.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes.It is threatened by habitat loss....
- Rana holtzi
- Rana huanrenensis – Huanren FrogHuanren frogThe Huanren frog, Rana huanrenensis, is a species of true frog found in East Asia. It was originally believed to be endemic to Huanren in China, but was later also found in South Korea; it is presumed to be present in North Korea as well...
- Rana iberica – Iberian FrogIberian FrogThe Iberian Frog or Rana Patilarga, Rana iberica, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Portugal and Spain. Its natural habitats are rivers, intermittent rivers, and swamps...
- Rana italica – Italian Stream FrogItalian Stream FrogThe Italian Stream Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is found in Italy and San Marino. Its natural habitats are rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marches. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* Andreone, F. 2004. . ...
- Rana japonica – Japanese Brown FrogJapanese Brown FrogThe Japanese Brown Frog, Rana japonica, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Japan.Its natural habitats are temperate grassland, rivers, swamps, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land.- Characteristics :...
- Rana johniRana johniRana johni is a frog species in the true frog family . It is endemic to Mexico, where it is known as rana de Moore after its obsolete scientific name, which had already been given to an unrelated fossil frog species earlier....
- Rana johnsiRana johnsiJohn's Groove-toed Frog is a frog species in the true frog family . It is found in China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam....
– John's Groove-toed Frog - Rana julianiRana julianiThe Maya Mountains Frog, Rana juliani, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Belize and possibly Guatemala.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, and rivers....
– Maya Mountains Frog - Rana kukunorisRana kukunorisRana kukunoris, the Plateau Brown Frog, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to China.Its natural habitats are temperate grassland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, rivers, swamps, and freshwater marshes. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.-References:*...
– Plateau Brown Frog - Rana kunyuensisRana kunyuensisRana kunyuensis is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to China.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, temperate grassland, and rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
- Rana latastei – Italian Agile FrogItalian Agile FrogThe Italian Agile Frog, Rana latastei, also known as the Lataste's Frog is an endemic frog with a distribution restricted to the plains of northern Italy, the extreme southern tip of Switzerland, the Istrian region of Slovenia and adjacent Croatia....
, Lataste's Frog - Rana lemosespinaliRana lemosespinaliRana lemosespinali is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Ponce-Campos, P. 2006. . Downloaded on 23 July 2007....
- Rana longicrusRana longicrusRana longicrus is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is endemic to Taiwan.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marches, arable land, and ponds. It is threatened by habitat loss....
– Taipa Frog - Rana luteiventris – Columbia Spotted FrogColumbia Spotted FrogThe Columbia Spotted Frog, Rana luteiventris, is a North American species of frog. It is green to brown in color with spots on the dorsal surface. The belly and upper lip are white in color. Individuals can be distinguished from other Rana species by their shorter back legs, narrow snout and...
- Rana macroglossaRana macroglossaRana macroglossa is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It occurs in Guatemala and southern Mexico.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, rivers, intermittent freshwater marshes, and heavily degraded former forest.It is...
- Rana macrocnemis – Long-legged Wood Frog, Caucasus Frog, Turkish Frog, Brusa Frog
- Rana maculataRana maculataRana maculata is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, rivers, and freshwater marshes.It is threatened by habitat...
- Rana magnaocularis – Northwest Mexico Leopard FrogNorthwest Mexico Leopard FrogThe Northwest Mexico Leopard Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marches....
- Rana megapodaRana megapodaRana megapoda is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rivers, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes.It is threatened by habitat loss....
- Rana miadis – Island Leopard FrogIsland Leopard FrogThe Island Leopard Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Nicaragua where it is known as rana leopardo isleña....
- Rana montezumaeRana montezumaeRana montezumae is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, ponds, and aquaculture ponds.It is threatened...
- Rana multidenticulataRana multidenticulataThe Siberian Tree Frog is a species of frog in the genus Rana. It is endemic to Taiwan....
- Rana muscosa – Mountain Yellow-legged FrogMountain Yellow-legged FrogThe Mountain yellow-legged frog lives in a diverse array of water sources within the Sierra Nevada mountains of the western United States. They prefer mountain creeks and lakes, particularly sunny riverbanks, meadow streams, isolated pools, and lake borders...
- Rana neovolcanica – Transverse Volcanic Leopard FrogTransverse Volcanic Leopard FrogThe Transverse Volcanic Leopard Frog or Rana Neovolcánica is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico....
- Rana okaloosae – Florida Bog FrogFlorida Bog FrogRana okaloosae) is a rare species of frog found only in western Florida.-Physical description:This species ranges from 34 - 49 mm in length, with the female generally being the larger of the sexes. They have no spots on their dorsal surface and unlike other members of the genus Rana they lack...
- Rana omiltemana – Guerreran Leopard FrogGuerreran Leopard FrogThe Guerreran Leopard Frog or Rana Guerrerense is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to the Sierra Madre del Sur in Guerrero, Mexico....
- Rana onca – Relict Leopard FrogRelict Leopard FrogThe Relict Leopard Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to the United States.Its natural habitat is freshwater springs.It is threatened by habitat loss....
- Rana ornativentris – Montane Brown FrogMontane Brown FrogThe Montane Brown Frog or Nikkō Frog, Rana ornativentris, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Japan.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, rivers, swamps, freshwater marshes, arable land, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural...
, Nikkō Frog - Rana palmipesRana palmipesThe Amazon River Frog, Rana palmipes, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela...
– Amazon River Frog - Rana palustris – Pickerel FrogPickerel FrogThe Pickerel Frog is a small North American frog, characterized by the appearance of seemingly "hand-drawn" squares on its dorsal surface.-Distinguishing features:...
- Rana pipiens – Northern Leopard FrogNorthern Leopard FrogThe Northern Leopard Frog is a species of leopard frog from the true frog family, native to parts of Canada and United States. It is the state amphibian of Minnesota and Vermont.-Physical description:...
- Rana piricaRana piricaRana pirica, the Ezo Brown Frog, or Hokkaidō Frog, is a species in the Ranidae family.It is found in Hokkaidō, Japan and Sakhalin.Its natural habitats are boreal forests, temperate forests, temperate shrubland, temperate grassland, rivers, swamps, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes,...
– Hokkaidō Frog - Rana pretiosa – Oregon Spotted FrogOregon spotted frogThe Oregon spotted frog is a member of the true frogs from the family Ranidae.-Description:The Oregon spotted frog reaches a length of to . Females are slightly larger than males. These frogs range in color from green to reddish-brown and have black spots on the head and back...
- Rana psilonotaRana psilonotaRana psilonota is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, and rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
- Rana pueblaeRana pueblaeRana pueblae is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico where it is known as rana poblanaIts natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
- Rana pueyoiRana pueyoiRana pueyoi is an extinct species of large frog from Early Miocene of Spain.-References:* Amphibian by Barry Clarke and Laura Buller * Fossils by Brenda Lewis, Paula Hammond, and Carl Mehling...
- Rana pustulosaRana pustulosaRana pustulosa is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico, where it is known as rana de cascadaIts natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.-References: ...
- Rana pyrenaica – Pyrenean FrogPyrenean FrogThe Pyrenean Frog or Pyrenees Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in France and Spain. Its local name in the latter country is Rana pirenaica....
, Pyrenees Frog - Rana sakuraii – Stream Brown FrogStream Brown FrogThe Stream Brown Frog or Napparagawa Frog, Rana sakuraii, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is endemic to Japan.Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers.-References:...
, Napparagawa Frog - Rana sauteriRana sauteriRana sauteri is a species of frog in the genus Rana from Taiwan.-Taxonomy:Rana sauteri was first described in 1909 by George Albert Boulenger on the basis of specimens collected on Taiwan by one H. Sauter...
- Rana septentrionalis – Mink FrogMink FrogThe Mink Frog is a small species of frog native to the United States and Canada. They are so named for their scent, which reportedly smells like a mink. The scent is more akin to that of rotting onions to those unfamiliar with mink. It is also sometimes referred to as the North Frog.- Physical...
- Rana sevosa – Dusky Gopher FrogDusky Gopher FrogThe Mississippi gopher frog or dusky gopher frog is a rare species of true frog. It is endemic to the southern United States, and its natural habitats are temperate, coastal forests and intermittent freshwater marshes...
, Mississippi Gopher Frog - Rana shuchinaeRana shuchinaeRana shuchinae, the Sichuan Frog, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in China and possibly Myanmar.Its natural habitats are temperate shrubland, temperate grassland, rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marches.-References:*...
– Sichuan Frog - Rana sierraeRana sierraeRana sierrae is a true frog endemic to the Sierra Nevada mountains .-Physical description:This species is very similar in appearance to the Mountain yellow-legged frog.-Conservation status:...
- Rana sierramadrensisRana sierramadrensisRana sierramadrensis is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico where it is known as rana de Sierra Madre OccidentalIts natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
- Rana spectabilisRana spectabilisRana spectabilis is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes, freshwater lakes, and water storage areas.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
- Rana sphenocephala – Southern Leopard FrogSouthern Leopard FrogThe Southern Leopard Frog is a species of mostly aquatic true frog, found in the south-eastern third of the United States. There are two accepted subspecies.- Physical description :...
- Rana subaquavocalis – Ramsey Canyon Leopard FrogRamsey Canyon Leopard FrogThe Ramsey Canyon Leopard Frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in the United States and possibly Mexico....
- Rana sylvatica – Wood FrogWood FrogThe Wood Frog has a broad distribution over North America, extending from the southern Appalachians to the boreal forest with several notable disjunct populations including lowland eastern North Carolina...
- Rana tagoiRana tagoiTago's Brown Frog, Rana tagoi, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is endemic to Japan.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, and freshwater marshes.-References:* Kaneko, Y. & Matsui, M. 2004. . ...
– Tago's Brown Frog - Rana tarahumaraeRana tarahumaraeRana tarahumarae is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Mexico and the United States.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, and intermittent rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss....
- Rana tayloriRana tayloriRana taylori is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, swamps, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marches.It is threatened...
- Rana temporaria – Common FrogCommon FrogThe Common Frog, Rana temporaria also known as the European Common Frog or European Common Brown Frog is found throughout much of Europe as far north as well north of the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and as far east as the Urals, except for most of Iberia, southern Italy, and the southern Balkans...
, European Common Frog, European Common Brown Frog - Rana tlaloci – Tlaloc's Leopard FrogTlaloc's Leopard FrogThe Tlaloc's Leopard Frog or Rana De Tláloc is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitat is canals and ditches.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
- Rana tsushimensis – Tsushima Brown FrogTsushima Brown FrogThe Tsushima Brown Frog, Rana tsushimensis, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to Japan. It is also called Tsushima Leopard Frog, though leopard frogs proper are related species from North America....
, Tsushima Leopard Frog - Rana vaillantiRana vaillantiVaillant's Frog, Rana vaillanti, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
– Vaillant's Frog - Rana vibicariaRana vibicariaRana vibicaria, commonly known as the Green-eyed Frog, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is found highland rainforests in Costa Rica and western Panama. Once common, it has declined drastically, mainly due to the disease chytridiomycosis...
- Rana warszewitschii
- Rana weiningensisRana weiningensisRana weiningensis is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. Endemic to China, its natural habitats are temperate shrubland, temperate grassland, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
- Rana yavapaiensis – Lowland Leopard FrogLowland Leopard FrogThe Lowland Leopard Frog, Rana yavapaiensis, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in Mexico and the United States; in Spanish it is known as rana de Yavapai....
- Rana zhengiRana zhengiRana zhengi is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is endemic to China.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marches.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
- Rana zhenhaiensisRana zhenhaiensisThe Zhenhai Brown Frog, Rana zhenhaiensis, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family.It is found in China, possibly Hong Kong, and possibly Macau....
– Zhenhai Brown Frog - Rana zweifeliRana zweifeliZweifel's Frog, Rana zweifeli a member of the Ranidae family, found in Mexico, was classified in 1984 and honors Richard G. Zweifel. The frog's natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes...
– Zweifel's Frog - Rana sp. 'Okinawa' – Ryūkyū Brown FrogRyukyu Brown FrogThe Ryūkyū Brown Frog or Okinawa Frog is an undescribed species in the true frog family .It is endemic to the Ryūkyū Islands Japan, specifically Okinawa and perhaps neighboring islands....
, Okinawa Frog
The harpist brown frog (also known as Kampira Falls frog or Yaeyama harpist frog) was formerly known as R. psaltes; it was subsequently identified as the long-known R. okinavana. The latter name has been misapplied to the Ryūkyū brown frog, but the harpist brown frog is a rather distinct species that apparently belongs in Babina or Nidirana if these are considered valid.