Rajendra Singh (RSS)
Encyclopedia
Prof. Rajendra Singh, popularly called Rajju Bhaiya(रज्जू भैया), was the fourth Sarsanghchalak
Sarsanghchalak
The Sarsanghchalak is the paramount leader of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.He is supposed to be the Philosophical guide of the organisation. He is nominated by the predecessor.The six individuals who have held the post so far have been...

 of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh or National Patriotic Organization), also known the Sangh, is a right-wing Hindu nationalist, paramilitary, volunteer, and allegedly militant organization for Hindu males in India...

 (RSS), leading the organization as its chief from the year 1994 to 2000.

He worked as a Professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...

 and head, the Department of Physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...

 at Allahabad University
Allahabad University
Allahabad University , is a premier Central University located in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its origins lie in the Muir Central College, named after Lt...

 for a few years. He left a promising academic world of nuclear physics
Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those...

 to devote his whole life to the RSS in the mid 1960s and becae its chief. He led the organisation for six years in the late 1990s and was seen as the mentor of prominent social activists and political leaders.

Early life

Rajendra Singh was born on 29 January 1922 at Shahjahanpur
Shahjahanpur
Shahjahanpur is a municipal board, town and district headquarters of Shahjahanpur District in Uttar Pradesh, India.-History:During the reign of Shahjahan, Mughal forces demolished the city of Kant...

 to Smt Jwala Devi (Jiyaji) and Kunwar Balbir Singh, when his father was posted there as a engineer. Kunwar Balbir Singh belonged to a respectable family of Tomar
Tomar
Tomar Municipality has a total area of 351.0 km² and a total population of 43,007 inhabitants.The municipality is composed of 16 parishes, and is located in Santarém District...

 Rajput
Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...

 in the village Banail Pahasu of Bulandshahar
Bulandshahar
Bulandshahr is a city and a municipal board in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr District...

 district in Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

. Balbir Singh was the first Indian
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

 to be selected for Indian Engineering Service in British Period. As confessed by Prof. Rajendra Singh himself in a book, the great Indian revolutionary Ram Prasad Bismil
Ram Prasad Bismil
Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil (Hindi: राम प्रसाद 'बिस्मिल', Gujarati: રામપ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલ, (Malayalam: രാം പ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിൽ, Tamil: ராம் பிரசாத் பிஸ்மில், Born: 11 June 1897, Executed: 19 December 1927) was an Indian revolutionary who participated in Mainpuri Shadyantra of...

 often used to come to his father in the engineer's colony of Shahjahanpur where he lived in those days of 1921-1922. Whenever Bismil Ji demanded, his father Balbir Singh used to contribute him monetarily. Rajendra was the third amongst five children of the Singh's family. Rajju Bhaiya
Rajendra Singh
Rajendra Singh is a well known water conservationist from Alwar district, Rajasthan in India. Also known as "waterman of India", he won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for community leadership in 2001 for his pioneering work in community-based efforts in water harvesting and water management. He runs...

  had two elder sisters whereas his two younger brothers were in Indian Administrative Service
Indian Administrative Service
The Indian Administrative Service is the administrative civil service of the Government of India. It is one of the three All India Services....

.

Education

Rajendra did his matriculation from Unnao
Unnao
The town of Unnao is the headquarters of Unnao District in Uttar Pradesh, India between Kanpur and Lucknow. It is approximately 18 km from Kanpur & 60 km from Lucknow . It is connected to these two cities by roadway as well as by railway. The nearest airport is at Amausi about...

. After that he was enrolled at the Modern School (New Delhi)
Modern School (New Delhi)
Modern School, commonly known as Modern, is a co-educational private school in New Delhi, India. It was founded in 1920 by Lala Raghubir Singh and Sir Sobha Singh. Considered to be one of the elite schools, Modern is also referred to as the Eton of India. It is the first private school established...

 for a brief period. Thereafter he moved to St Joseph's College, Nainital
St Joseph's College, Nainital
St Joseph's College Nainital is a day boarding and residential school in Nainital, Uttarakhand, India providing public school education. Starting from 2010 academic session, the school will also accept girls for day boarding, for classes 11 and 12.-Overview:...

. He was a meritorious student and made it through the prestigious Roorkee Engineering College. He secured 5th position in his B.Sc. and 2nd in M.Sc. Physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...

. He completed his graduation and obtained his master’s degree in physics from Prayag University
Allahabad University
Allahabad University , is a premier Central University located in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its origins lie in the Muir Central College, named after Lt...

 at the age of 21.

Academic career

Rajendra Singh was acknowledged as an exceptionally brilliant student by the Physicist
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...

 and Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes are annual international awards bestowed by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and scientific advances. The will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, established the prizes in 1895...

 winner Sir C. V. Raman, when he was his examiner in M.Sc. He also offered the fellowship for advanced research in nuclear physics to this young boy with him. Prof. Mahesh Kumar an allumni of Allahabad University
Allahabad University
Allahabad University , is a premier Central University located in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its origins lie in the Muir Central College, named after Lt...

 recounts: "when Sir C. V. Raman was taking the viva of Rajju Bhaiya, he had said being an examiner he did not know as much as this young student knew.". He was offered to assist Sir C. V. Raman but he had different plans.

He joined the Allahabad University
Allahabad University
Allahabad University , is a premier Central University located in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its origins lie in the Muir Central College, named after Lt...

, which was known as the Oxford
Oxford
The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...

 of the East in those days, in 1940s after majoring in Physics to teach Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and radiated energy. Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, e.g., by a prism. Later the concept was expanded greatly to comprise any interaction with radiative...

. He taught at the University for several years, where later he was appointed head of the Physics Department.

Rajendra Singh was also considered an expert in Nuclear Physics
Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those...

 which was very rare those days in India. During his teaching life he was also considered very popular teacher among students for teaching the subject of Nuclear Physics with simplicity and clear concepts.

Association with RSS

Rajendra Singh took active part in the Quit India Movement
Quit India Movement
The Quit India Movement , or the August Movement was a civil disobedience movement launched in India in August 1942 in response to Mohandas Gandhi's call for immediate independence. Gandhi hoped to bring the British government to the negotiating table...

 of 1942 and it was during this time that he came in contact with the RSS. From then onwards the Sangh influenced his life. He resigned from the prestigious University post in 1966 and offered full time services to the RSS as a 'pracharak'.

Starting as 'prant pracharak' for the province of Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

, Rajju Bhaiyya rose to become the 'Sar Karyavaha' (en.General Secretary) in the 80's. Bala Saheb Deoras, Rajju Bhaiya's predecessor as RSS chief, stepped down from his post in 1994, and nominated Rajju Bhaiya to take over from him.

While living in Uttar Pradesh for RSS work he was having a good relation with Lal Bahadur Shastri
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Lal Bahadur Srivastava Shastri was the second Prime Minister of the Republic of India and a significant figure in the Indian independence movement.-Early life:...

 and were sharing ideas with each other. He also developed good relation with Chandra Shekhar
Chandra Shekhar
Chandra Shekhar Singh was the eighth Prime Minister of India.-Early years:He was born on 1 July 1927 to a Rajput farming family in Ibrahimpatti - Ballia in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Chandra Shekhar Singh did his Master of Arts at Allahabad University. He was known as a firebrand in student politics...

 and V.P. Singh. Both of these two politicians had ever remained his students at Allahabad
Allahabad
Allahabad , or Settled by God in Persian, is a major city of India and is one of the main holy cities of Hinduism. It was renamed by the Mughals from the ancient name of Prayaga , and is by some accounts the second-oldest city in India. It is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh,...

. Murali Manohar Joshi was also one of his best students.

He spent most of his life in the offices of the Sangh. He maintained cordial relations with everybody, including the opponents of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh or National Patriotic Organization), also known the Sangh, is a right-wing Hindu nationalist, paramilitary, volunteer, and allegedly militant organization for Hindu males in India...

. His liberal thinking was widely supported. Rajju Bhaiya was not a public orator or speaker like many other Sarsanghchalak
Sarsanghchalak
The Sarsanghchalak is the paramount leader of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.He is supposed to be the Philosophical guide of the organisation. He is nominated by the predecessor.The six individuals who have held the post so far have been...

s but his clarity in thoughts and views made him a very effective speaker.

Arguably Rajju Bhaiya’s term of 6-years was one of the most crucial for both Sangh and India. Rajju Bhaiyya shared an excellent rapport with political leaders cutting across ideological lines besides academicians, social workers and intellectuals.

1998 saw the pragmatic shift of Indian politics when the main opposition party, The Bharatiya Janata Party
Bharatiya Janata Party
The Bharatiya Janata Party ,; translation: Indian People's Party) is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Indian National Congress. Established in 1980, it is India's second largest political party in terms of representation in the parliament...

 (BJP) scaled new heights by emerging as the largest party in the ruling National Democratic Alliance
National Democratic Alliance
The National Democratic Alliance is a name used by political parties of several countries:* National Democratic Alliance for Egypt* National Democratic Alliance * National Democratic Alliance * National Democratic Alliance...

 (NDA) coalition at the Centre. This was a crucial period for the RSS and its political wing BJP. The BJP and the RSS shared many common ideologies.

He abdicated the post of Sarsanghchalak
Sarsanghchalak
The Sarsanghchalak is the paramount leader of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.He is supposed to be the Philosophical guide of the organisation. He is nominated by the predecessor.The six individuals who have held the post so far have been...

 on account of his failing health in February 2000 and nominated the Shri K. S. Sudarshan
K. S. Sudarshan
Kuppahalli Sitaramayya Sudarshan was the former sarsanghachalak of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh , a Hindu nationalist organisation which is said to be devoted to social welfare. Sudarshan was born in Raipur in a Kannadiga Hindu family...

 for the post.

During emergency he went underground and toured whole India. Rajendra Singh
Rajendra Singh
Rajendra Singh is a well known water conservationist from Alwar district, Rajasthan in India. Also known as "waterman of India", he won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for community leadership in 2001 for his pioneering work in community-based efforts in water harvesting and water management. He runs...

 was also responsible for organizing human rights convention presided by Justice Tarkunda in Delhi in 1976. He was also responsible for setting up friends of India Society International.

Ideology

One of the most important beliefs of Rajju Bhaiya was: "All people are basically nice. One should deal with every person by believing in his goodness. Anger, jealousy, etc. are the offshoots of his past experiences, which affect his behavior. Primarily every person is nice and everyone is reliable."

Like other Sarsanghchalak
Sarsanghchalak
The Sarsanghchalak is the paramount leader of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.He is supposed to be the Philosophical guide of the organisation. He is nominated by the predecessor.The six individuals who have held the post so far have been...

s he was a firm believer in the concept of swadeshi and empowering rural economy. Initiating the rural developmental activities, he had declared in 1995 that the utmost priority should be given in making the villages hunger-free, disease-free and educative (hi.kshudha mukta, roga mukta evam shikshayukt). Today, there are over 100 villages where the rural development work done by swayamsevaks has inspired the people of surrounding villages and their experiments are being emulated by those people.

Addressing the Vijayadashami
Vijayadashami
Vijayadashami also known as Dasara, is one of the most important festivals celebrated in various forms, across India, Nepal and Bangladesh...

 utsav (en.festival) at Nagpur
Nagpur
Nāgpur is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune...

 in 1995, Rajju Bhaiya remembered Mohandas K. Gandhi and Lal Bahadur Shastri
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Lal Bahadur Srivastava Shastri was the second Prime Minister of the Republic of India and a significant figure in the Indian independence movement.-Early life:...

. He challenged the way in which the central government was working on fulfilling the dreams of these two statesmen.

Last days

Rajju Bhaiya was very much sensitive over the issue of forming a memorial in the name of Indian revolutionary Ram Prasad Bismil
Ram Prasad Bismil
Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil (Hindi: राम प्रसाद 'बिस्मिल', Gujarati: રામપ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલ, (Malayalam: രാം പ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിൽ, Tamil: ராம் பிரசாத் பிஸ்மில், Born: 11 June 1897, Executed: 19 December 1927) was an Indian revolutionary who participated in Mainpuri Shadyantra of...

 in the capital like a Monument of the Republic located at Taksim Square in Istanbul city of Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

. He had expressed this grief to a writer in an interview: "क्रांतिकारी 'बिस्मिल' के नाम पर इस देश में कोई बड़ा स्मारक हमारे नेता लोग नहीं बना सके.". Having continued his pravas all the time he suffered ill health in the last days of his life. Even then he did not keep him away from working for the Sangh. Although he had shifted the responsbility of sarsanghchalak to Sudarshan Ji yet he continued to guide the organization in an advisory role. While on the troubleshooting pravas throughout India. Rajju Bhaiya took his last breeth on 14 July 2003 at Kaushik Ashram Pune
Pune
Pune , is the eighth largest metropolis in India, the second largest in the state of Maharashtra after Mumbai, and the largest city in the Western Ghats. Once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire, it is situated 560 metres above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the confluence of the Mula ...

 in the state of Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...

 and became an immortal for ever in the minds and hearts of his fans.

In the obituary, his successor, K. S. Sudarshan
K. S. Sudarshan
Kuppahalli Sitaramayya Sudarshan was the former sarsanghachalak of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh , a Hindu nationalist organisation which is said to be devoted to social welfare. Sudarshan was born in Raipur in a Kannadiga Hindu family...

 said that Rajju Bhaiya was looked upon as a fatherly figure for the entire Sangh Parivar
Sangh Parivar
The Sangh Parivar refers to the family of organisations of Hindu nationalists which have been started by members of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh or are inspired by its ideas. The Sangh Parivar represents the Hindu nationalist movement. It includes the RSS and several dozen smaller...

.

The then Prime Minister of India
Prime Minister of India
The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...

 and the statesman Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee is an Indian statesman who served as the tenth Prime Minister of India three times – first for a brief term of 13 days in 1996, and then for two terms from 1998 to 2004. After his first brief period as Prime Minister in 1996, Vajpayee headed a coalition government from...

 said: "The sad demise of Rajju Bhaiya
Rajendra Singh
Rajendra Singh is a well known water conservationist from Alwar district, Rajasthan in India. Also known as "waterman of India", he won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for community leadership in 2001 for his pioneering work in community-based efforts in water harvesting and water management. He runs...

 is a great loss to our nation. He was a staunch patriot, able organiser and a great thinker. He will be remembered as a pillar of strength who dedicated his all and enthused millions of our youth."

The then Deputy Prime Minister of India, Shri L. K. Advani commended the role of Rajju Bhaiya
Rajendra Singh
Rajendra Singh is a well known water conservationist from Alwar district, Rajasthan in India. Also known as "waterman of India", he won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for community leadership in 2001 for his pioneering work in community-based efforts in water harvesting and water management. He runs...

 in guiding and mentoring leaders. He said: "As an RSS activist myself, I know how Rajju Bhaiya created good men like Nanaji Deshmukh
Nanaji Deshmukh
Chandikadas Amritrao Deshmukh aka Nanaji Deshmukha was a social activist in Bharat/India. He did exemplary work in the field of education, health and rural self-reliance and has been honored with Padma Vibhushan title by the Government of India...

 and Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee is an Indian statesman who served as the tenth Prime Minister of India three times – first for a brief term of 13 days in 1996, and then for two terms from 1998 to 2004. After his first brief period as Prime Minister in 1996, Vajpayee headed a coalition government from...

."

See also

  • Ram Prasad Bismil
    Ram Prasad Bismil
    Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil (Hindi: राम प्रसाद 'बिस्मिल', Gujarati: રામપ્રસાદ બિસ્મિલ, (Malayalam: രാം പ്രസാദ് ബിസ്മിൽ, Tamil: ராம் பிரசாத் பிஸ்மில், Born: 11 June 1897, Executed: 19 December 1927) was an Indian revolutionary who participated in Mainpuri Shadyantra of...

     (In Hindi
    Hindi
    Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...

     also)
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monument_of_the_Republic

External links

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