Origins

Ragga originated in Jamaica

Jamaica

Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic...

 during the 1980s, at the same time that electronic dance music's

Electronic music

Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...

 popularity was increasing globally. One of the reasons for ragga's swift propagation is that it is generally easier and less expensive to produce than reggae

Reggae

Reggae is a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. While sometimes used in a broader sense to refer to most types of Jamaican music, the term reggae more properly denotes a particular music style that originated following on the development of ska and rocksteady.Reggae is based...

 performed on traditional musical instruments. Ragga evolved first in Jamaica, and later in Europe, North America, and Africa

Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

, eventually spreading to Japan, India, and the rest of the world. Ragga heavily influenced early jungle music

Oldschool jungle

Jungle is a genre of electronic music that incorporates influences from genres including breakbeat hardcore, and reggae/dub/dancehall. There is debate as to whether jungle is a separate genre from drum and bass as many use the terms interchangeably...

, and also spawned the syncretistic bhangragga

Bhangragga

Bhangragga is a slang term for the style of music incorporating elements of Bhangra and dancehall created by British Asian producers alex and lennart on the debut album by Apache Indian No Reservations ....

 style when fused with bhangra. In the 1990s, Ragga and breakcore

Breakcore

Breakcore is a style of electronic music largely influenced by hardcore techno, drum and bass and Intelligent dance music. Its sound is largely characterized by a high-tempo, well-timed mingling of distorted kick drums , break beats arranged from samples of the Amen break, and audio samples from a...

 music fused, creating a style known as Raggacore.

Ragga and hip hop music

In the late 1980s, influential Jamaican rapper Daddy Freddy

Daddy Freddy

S. Frederick Small , better known as Daddy Freddy is a ragga vocalist.-Early life:Small was born in Kingston, Jamaica and grew up in the city's Trenchtown district. His house was a few minutes walk from Coxsone Dodd's influential record studio Studio One.His neighbours were Jacob Miller and...

's pioneering efforts in fusing ragga with hip hop music

Hip hop music

Hip hop music, also called hip-hop, rap music or hip-hop music, is a musical genre consisting of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted...

 earned him international acclaim while helping to publicize and popularize ragga. In 1987, Daddy Freddy and Asher D's "Ragamuffin Hip-Hop

Ragamuffin Hip-Hop

Ragamuffin Hip-Hop is an album by Asher D & Daddy Freddy.-CD:#"Ragamuffin Hip Hop" - 5:30#"Africa" - 2:55#"Brutality" - 5:10#"Summertime" - 3:00#"Don't Stop, Do It" - 5:55#"Posse Rock & Move" - 5:45#"Rough And Rugged" - 5:45...

" became the first multinational single

Single (music)

In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a recording of fewer tracks than an LP or a CD. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats. In most cases, the single is a song that is released separately from an album, but it can still appear...

 to feature the word ragga in its title. In 1992, Canadian hip hop group Rascalz

Rascalz

The Rascalz are a Canadian hip-hop group from Vancouver, British Columbia, who played a crucial role in the artistic and commercial development of Canadian hip hop. The group consists of MCs Red1 and Misfit, and DJ Kemo. Breakdancers, Zebroc and Dedos were also part of the group.Formed in 1991, the...

 released their debut album under the name "Ragga Muffin Rascals". As ragga matured, an increasing number of dancehall artists began to appropriate stylistic elements of hip hop music, while ragga music, in turn, influenced more and more hip hop artists, most notably KRS-One

KRS-One

Lawrence Krisna Parker , better known by his stage names KRS-One , and Teacha, is an American rapper...

, the Boot Camp Clik

Boot Camp Clik

Boot Camp Clik is an American hip hop supergroup from Brooklyn, New York, which is composed of Buckshot , Smif-N-Wessun, also known as Cocoa Brovaz , Heltah Skeltah and O.G.C....

, Das EFX

Das EFX

Das EFX is an American hip hop duo. It consists of emcees Skoob and Dray...

, Busta Rhymes

Busta Rhymes

Trevor Tahiem Smith, Jr., better known by his stage name Busta Rhymes ,Smith is an American rapper, producer and actor. Chuck D of Public Enemy gave him the alias Busta Rhymes after NFL wide receiver George "Buster" Rhymes...

, as well as some artists with ragga-influenced styles, like early Common, Main Source

Main Source

Main Source was an innovative, acclaimed Toronto and New York-based hip hop group comprising Toronto natives Sir Scratch, K-Cut, and Queens native Large Professor...

, Ill Al Scratch, Fu-Schnickens

Fu-Schnickens

Fu-Schnickens was an American hip-hop trio. Similar to Das EFX for their cartoonish lyrics and near-constant allusions to pop culture staples, they were the first Hip Hop artists to rap in backwards fashion. The Fu-Schnickens' popularity was brief but significant in hip hop history...

, and Redman. Artists like Mad Lion

Mad Lion

Oswald Priest, better known as Mad Lion, is a dancehall, ragga musician and rapper. He frequently collaborates with fellow hip hop artist KRS-One — most recently on a DVD promoting the Temple of Hiphop...

 grew in popularity during this early 90's trend, exemplified by his crossing from Reggae

Reggae

Reggae is a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. While sometimes used in a broader sense to refer to most types of Jamaican music, the term reggae more properly denotes a particular music style that originated following on the development of ska and rocksteady.Reggae is based...

 to Hip-Hop Culture.

Some ragga artists believe that the assimilation of hip hop sensibilities is crucial to the international marketability of dancehall music. Indeed, appeals to the contemporary rhythm and blues and hip hop music audiences in the English-speaking world contributed substantially to the multinational commercial success of such dancehall artists as

• Aidonia
  Aidonia
  Aidonia is a Jamaican musician and head of the musical partnership "J.O.P." Which has a contract under The Alliance...
  
  
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  Admiral T
  Admiral T, whose real name is Christy Campbell, is a French singer of reggae-dancehall music. Besides Francky Vincent, he is one of most popular and successful Guadeloupean singers.He is also a designer and the creator of WOK LINE.-Biography:...
  
  
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  Buju Banton is a Jamaican dancehall, ragga, and reggae musician.Banton has recorded pop and dance songs, as well as songs dealing with sociopolitical topics....
  
  
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  Daddy Freddy
  S. Frederick Small , better known as Daddy Freddy is a ragga vocalist.-Early life:Small was born in Kingston, Jamaica and grew up in the city's Trenchtown district. His house was a few minutes walk from Coxsone Dodd's influential record studio Studio One.His neighbours were Jacob Miller and...
  
  
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  General Levy is a London born ragga vocalist, regularly employed on studio tracks by drum and bass DJs. He is best known for the track "Incredible" which he recorded with M-Beat.-Biography:...
  
  
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  Irie
  Irie is a word in Jamaican Patois that can mean 1: powerful and pleasing 2: excellent, highest n 3: the state of feeling great...
  
  
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  Junior Reid
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  Lieutenant Stitchie
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  Oswald Priest, better known as Mad Lion, is a dancehall, ragga musician and rapper. He frequently collaborates with fellow hip hop artist KRS-One — most recently on a DVD promoting the Temple of Hiphop...
  
  
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  Mavado (singer)
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  Mad Cobra
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  Massilia Sound System
  Massilia Sound System is a reggae band formed in Marseille, France in 1984. They developed a Provençal hybrid version of reggae, rub-a-dub and raggamuffin with lyrics in the French and Occitan languages, sometimes referred to as trobamuffin , though they have also performed in Portuguese and Italian...
  
  
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  Million Stylez
  Kenshin Iryo , better known by his stage name Million Stylez, is a Swedish dancehall artist.Kenshin Iryo was born on June 1, 1981 in Stockholm, Sweden. He grew up in the Stockholm suburb of Sollentuna, and has been living there for 26 years...
  
  
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  Ninjaman
  Ninjaman, alias Don Gorgon, is a popular dancehall deejay / Actor, known for his controversial and pro-gun lyrics and his stuttering and melodramatic style...
  
  
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  Natural Black
  Natural Black, born Mortimer Softley on March 16, 1975 in Georgetown, Guyana, is a reggae singer from Guyana.-Biography:Mortimer Softley moved to Jamaica in 1995 to pursue his dream of being a reggae singer. In Guyana he hailed from Linden in the community of All Boy Town and was nicknamed Black...
  
  
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  Papa Dee
  David Christopher Daniel Wahlgren , better known by the stage name Papa Dee, is a Swedish rap, ragga and dancehall musician...
  
  
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  Pato Banton
  Pato Banton is a reggae singer and toaster from Birmingham, England. He received the nickname 'Pato' from his stepfather, and 'Banton' from the disc jockey slang for a "heavyweight DJ".-Biography:Born in Birmingham, Banton first came to public attention in the early 1980s when he worked with The...
  
  
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  Papa San
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  Patra (singer)
  Patra is a reggae singer. In her beginnings as a Female Dancehall deejay in the late 1980s, she used the stage name, Lady Patra...
  
  
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  Richie Spice
  Richie Spice is a Jamaican reggae artist. He is a member of the Rastafari movement. Some of his most famous songs include, "Youth Dem Cold", "Groovin' My Girl", "Earth A Run Red", "Marijuana" and "The Plane Land"...
  
  
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  Sizzla Kalonji, or simply Sizzla in are de reggae musician. He is one of the most commercially and critically successful contemporary reggae artists and is well-known for his above-average prolificacy...
  
  
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  Sean Kingston is a Jamaican-American singer. He pursued a music career and debuted in 2007 with the album Sean Kingston.-Early life:...
  
  
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  Super Cat
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  Stephen Marley
  Stephen Marley may refer to:*Stephen Marley , Jamaican musician; son of Bob Marley*Stephen Marley , British author and video game designer...
  
  
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  Spice
  A spice is a dried seed, fruit, root, bark, or vegetative substance used in nutritionally insignificant quantities as a food additive for flavor, color, or as a preservative that kills harmful bacteria or prevents their growth. It may be used to flavour a dish or to hide other flavours...
  
  
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  Sean Paul
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  Shinehead
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The term raggamuffin is an intentional misspelling of ragamuffin, a word that entered the Jamaican Patois lexicon after the British Empire

British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...

 colonized

Colonialism

Colonialism is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It is a process whereby the metropole claims sovereignty over the colony and the social structure, government, and economics of the colony are changed by...

 Jamaica in the 17th century. Despite the British colonialists' pejorative application of the term, Jamaican youth appropriated

Cultural appropriation

Cultural appropriation is the adoption of some specific elements of one culture by a different cultural group. It describes acculturation or assimilation, but can imply a negative view towards acculturation from a minority culture by a dominant culture. It can include the introduction of forms of...

 it as an ingroup

Ingroup

In sociology and social psychology, ingroups and outgroups are social groups to which an individual feels as though he or she belongs as a member, or to which they feel contempt, opposition, or a desire to compete. People tend to hold positive attitudes towards members of their own groups, a...

 designation. The term raggamuffin music describes the music of Jamaica

Music of Jamaica

The music of Jamaica includes Jamaican folk music and many popular genres, such as mento, ska, rocksteady, reggae, dub music, dancehall, reggae fusion and related styles. Jamaica's music culture is a fusion of elements from the United States , Africa, and neighboring Caribbean islands such as...

's "ghetto dwellers".

See also

• Reggae fusion
  Reggae fusion
  Reggae fusion is a fusion genre of reggae that mixes reggae or dancehall with other genres, such as pop, rock, hip hop, R&B, house, jazz & drum and bass....
  
  
• Ragga-soca
  Soca music
  Soca is a style of music from Trinidad and Tobago. Soca is a musical development of traditional Trinidadian calypso, through loans from the 1960s onwards from predominantly black popular music....
  
  
• Ragga jungle
  Ragga jungle
  Ragga jungle is a genre of music that emerged circa 1989-1990 and was initially heavily based on production of Michael West...
  
  
• Bouyon-muffin
  Bouyon music
  Bouyon is a form of popular music of Dominica which became popular in the late 1980s. The term Bouyon means something akin to "gumbo soup" in the local creole of Dominica...
  
  
• Bhangragga
  Bhangragga
  Bhangragga is a slang term for the style of music incorporating elements of Bhangra and dancehall created by British Asian producers alex and lennart on the debut album by Apache Indian No Reservations ....
  
  

External links

• Short article covering major Ragga songs
• Actual Ragga Top 10 Charts
• [ Allmusic entry for Ragga]