All Topics  
Quotation

 

   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link






 

Quotation



 
 
For the Wikipedia quotation templates, see :Category:Quotation templates.


A quotation is the repetition of one expression as part of another one, particularly when the quoted expression is well-known or explicitly attributed (as by citation
Citation

A citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source . A bibliographic citation is a reference to a book, article , web page, or other published item....
) to its original source.

A quotation can also refer to the repeated use of units of any other form of expression, especially parts of artistic works: elements of a painting
Painting

Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting....
, scenes from a movie
Film

Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
 or sections from a musical composition
Musical composition

Musical composition is:* an original piece of music* the musical form of a musical piece* the process of creating a new piece of music...
.

The rest of this article addresses only written or oral quotations.

ations are used for a variety of reasons: to illuminate the meaning or to support the arguments of the work in which it is being quoted, or to provide direct information about the work being quoted (whether in order to discuss it, positively or negatively, to pay homage to the original work or author
Author

An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created....
, to make the user of the quotation seem well-read).






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Quotation'
Start a new discussion about 'Quotation'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Recent Posts









Encyclopedia


For the Wikipedia quotation templates, see :Category:Quotation templates.


A quotation is the repetition of one expression as part of another one, particularly when the quoted expression is well-known or explicitly attributed (as by citation
Citation

A citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source . A bibliographic citation is a reference to a book, article , web page, or other published item....
) to its original source.

A quotation can also refer to the repeated use of units of any other form of expression, especially parts of artistic works: elements of a painting
Painting

Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting....
, scenes from a movie
Film

Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
 or sections from a musical composition
Musical composition

Musical composition is:* an original piece of music* the musical form of a musical piece* the process of creating a new piece of music...
.

The rest of this article addresses only written or oral quotations.

Reasons for using quotations

Quotations are used for a variety of reasons: to illuminate the meaning or to support the arguments of the work in which it is being quoted, or to provide direct information about the work being quoted (whether in order to discuss it, positively or negatively, to pay homage to the original work or author
Author

An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created....
, to make the user of the quotation seem well-read). Quotations are also commonly printed as a means of inspiration and to invoke philosophical thoughts from the reader.

Common quotation sources

Famous quotations are frequently collected in books that are sometimes called quotation dictionaries or treasuries. Of these, Bartlett's Familiar Quotations
Bartlett's Familiar Quotations

Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, often simply called Bartlett's, is an American reference work that is the longest-lived and most widely distributed collection of quotations....
, The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations
The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations

The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations is an 1100-page book listing short quotations that are common in English language and culture.This well-known book lists quotations ordered by author surname, giving the original words if it began in a foreign language....
, The Columbia Dictionary of Quotations, The Yale Book of Quotations
The Yale Book of Quotations

The Yale Book of Quotations is a quotations collection noted for its focus on modern and American quotations and for its high level of scholarship and reliability....
 and The MacMillan Book of Proverbs, Maxims, and Famous Phrases are considered among the most reliable and comprehensive sources. Diaries and calendars often include quotations for entertainment or inspirational purposes, and small, dedicated sections in newspapers and weekly magazines — with recent quotations by leading personalities on current topics — have also become commonplace. Chiefly through the World Wide Web
World Wide Web

The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks....
, the Internet
Internet

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
 has become the most commonly used quotation repository. Wikiquote
Wikiquote

Wikiquote is one of a family of wiki-based projects run by the Wikimedia Foundation, running on MediaWiki software. Based on an idea by Daniel Alston and implemented by Brion Vibber, the goal of the project is to produce collaboratively a vast reference of quotations from prominent people, books, films and proverbs, and to give details about...
 is a Wikimedia project set up as a free collection of quotes on the Internet.

Misquotations

Many quotations are routinely incorrect or attributed to the wrong authors, and quotations from obscure or unknown writers are often attributed to far more famous writers. Examples of this are Winston Churchill, to whom many political quotations of uncertain origin are attributed, and Oscar Wilde, to whom anonymous humorous quotes are sometimes attributed.

Deliberate misquotation is also common, though this is often not noticed, usually because the misquotation is better known or because the misquotation better fits a situation. For example, the Star Trek catchphrase 'Beam me up, Scotty' did not appear in that form in the original series- likewise, the famous Dirty Harry quotation 'Are you feeling lucky, punk?' is actually a rewording of the original dialogue. This differs from misinterpretation, in which an author's words are taken out of context, such as the Nietzsche phrase 'God is dead', which is often misunderstood to mean physical death.

Quotations and the Internet

Chiefly a text medium in the beginning, the World Wide Web
World Wide Web

The World Wide Web is a very large set of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web browser, one can view Web pages that may contain writing, s, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks....
 gave rise to any number of personal quotation collections that continue to flourish, even though very few of them seem to facilitate accurate information or correct citation
Citation

A citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source . A bibliographic citation is a reference to a book, article , web page, or other published item....
. In June 27, 2003, a sister project of the Wikimedia Foundation
Wikimedia Foundation

File:Edit 01-12-09 small.oggThe Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. is a non-profit Foundation headquartered in San Francisco, California, California, United States, and organized under the laws of the state of Florida, where it was initially based....
 called Wikiquote
Wikiquote

Wikiquote is one of a family of wiki-based projects run by the Wikimedia Foundation, running on MediaWiki software. Based on an idea by Daniel Alston and implemented by Brion Vibber, the goal of the project is to produce collaboratively a vast reference of quotations from prominent people, books, films and proverbs, and to give details about...
 was created as a free online encyclopedia of quotations in every language and it is now the biggest single quotation collection in the world.

The increase of written means of informal communication brought about by the Internet
Internet

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
 has produced the practice of using quotations as personal flags, as in one's own signature block
Signature block

A signature block is a block of text automatically appended at the bottom of an e-mail message, Usenet article, or Internet forum post. This has the effect of "signing off" the message and in a reply message of indicating that no more response follows....
. This is most commonly seen in email messages and Usenet
Usenet

Usenet, a portmanteau of "user" and "network", is a worldwide distributed Internet discussion system. It evolved from the general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name....
 posts, while is almost never seen in blog
Blog

A blog is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video....
 posts. Quotations are also popular as a user's personal message, a line under the user's nickname in some Instant Messaging
Instant messaging

Instant messaging is a form of Real-time computing communication between two or more people based on typed text. The Written language is conveyed via devices connected over a network such as the Internet....
 clients (and here they often go uncited). In all these cases, quotations are usually included to give a glimpse of the user's personality, to make a statement of their beliefs, or to spread views and ideas.

The sheer bulk of online quotations, combined with more efficient search engines, has effectively made the Internet
Internet

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
 the world's quotation storehouse, encompassing an unprecedented number of easily obtainable quotations. Though matters of accuracy still remain, features such as Amazon.com's Search Inside the Book and Google Print may serve to alleviate such concerns.

See also

  • Adage
    Adage

    An adage , or adagium , is a short but memorable saying that holds some important fact of experience that is considered true by many people, or that has gained some credibility through its long use....
  • Aphorism
    Aphorism

    The word aphorism denotes an original thought, spoken or written in a laconic and easily memorable form.The name was first used in the Aphorisms of Hippocrates....
  • Apophthegm
  • Citation
    Citation

    A citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source . A bibliographic citation is a reference to a book, article , web page, or other published item....
  • Cliché
    Cliché

    A clich? or cliche is a saying, expression or idea which has been overused to the point of losing its original meaning, especially when at some earlier time it was considered distinctively meaningful or novel, rendering it a stereotype....
  • Contextomy
  • Epigram
    Epigram

    An Epigram is a brief, clever, and usually memorable statement. Derived from the "to write on - inscribe", the literary device has been employed for over two millennia....
  • List of book titles taken from literature
    List of book titles taken from literature

    Many authors will use quotations from literature as the title for their works. This may be done as a conscious allusion to the themes of the older work or simply because the phrase seems memorable....
  • Maxim
  • Metalanguage
    Metalanguage

    In logic and linguistics, a metalanguage is a language used to make statements about statements in another language which is called the object language....
  • Misquotation
    Misquotation

    A misquotation is an inaccurate or incorrect quotation. This may be due to:* Fallacy of quoting out of context: The context can be important for determining the overall argument the quoted person wanted to make, for seeing whether the quoted statement was restricted or even negated in this context, or for recognizing hints that it was mean...
  • Musical quotation
    Musical quotation

    Musical quotation is the practice of directly quoting another work in a new composition. The quotation may be from the same composer's work , or from a different composer's work ....
  • Nested quote
    Nested quote

    A nested quote is a quote that is encapsulation inside another quote, forming a hierarchy with multiple levels. When focusing on a certain quote, one must interpret it within its scope....
  • Proverb
    Proverb

    A proverb , also called a byword or nayword, is a simple and concrete saying popularly known and repeated, which expresses a truth, based on common sense or the practical experience of humanity....
  • Spin (public relations)
    Spin (public relations)

    In public relations, spin is providing an interpretation of an event or campaign to persuade public opinion in favor or against a certain organization or public figure....
  • Testimonial
    Testimonial

    In promotion and of advertising, a testimonial or endorsement consists of a written or spoken statement, sometimes from a person figure, sometimes from a private citizen, extolling the virtue of some product ....
  • Use-mention distinction
    Use-mention distinction

    The use?mention distinction is the distinction between using a word and mentioning it. For example, the following two sentences illustrate use and mention of the word cheese:...


External links