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A quarry is a type of open-pit mine
Open-pit mining

Open-pit mining, also known as opencast mining, open-cut mining, and strip mining, refers to a method of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or Borrow pit....
 from which rock
Rock (geology)

In geology, rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock....
 or minerals are extracted. Quarries are generally used for extracting building material
Building material

Building material is any raw material which is used for a construction purpose. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, sand, wood and rocks, even twigs and leaves have been used to construct buildings....
s, such as dimension stone
Dimension stone

Dimension stone is natural stone or Rock that has been selected and fabricated to specific sizes or shapes. Color, Texture and pattern, and surface finish of the stone are also normal requirements....
.

Problems
Quarries in level areas often have special engineering
Engineering

Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
 problems for drainage
Drainage

Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and groundwater from an area. Many agricultural soils need drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies....
. The Coquina Quarry is excavated to more than below sea level. To reduce surface leakage, a moat
Moat

A moat is deep, broad trench, usually filled with water, that surrounds a structure, installation, or town, normally to provide it with a preliminary line of Defense ....
 lined with clay
Clay

Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals, which show plasticity through a variable range of water content, and which can be hardened when dried and/or fired....
 was constructed around the entire quarry. Ground water that seeps into the pit is pumped up into the moat.

Many quarries fill with water after abandonment and become lake
Lake

A lake is a terrain feature , a body of liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the bottom of basin and moves slowly if it moves at all....
s.






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Encyclopedia


A quarry is a type of open-pit mine
Open-pit mining

Open-pit mining, also known as opencast mining, open-cut mining, and strip mining, refers to a method of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or Borrow pit....
 from which rock
Rock (geology)

In geology, rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock....
 or minerals are extracted. Quarries are generally used for extracting building material
Building material

Building material is any raw material which is used for a construction purpose. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, sand, wood and rocks, even twigs and leaves have been used to construct buildings....
s, such as dimension stone
Dimension stone

Dimension stone is natural stone or Rock that has been selected and fabricated to specific sizes or shapes. Color, Texture and pattern, and surface finish of the stone are also normal requirements....
.

Problems


Quarries in level areas often have special engineering
Engineering

Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
 problems for drainage
Drainage

Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and groundwater from an area. Many agricultural soils need drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies....
. The Coquina Quarry is excavated to more than below sea level. To reduce surface leakage, a moat
Moat

A moat is deep, broad trench, usually filled with water, that surrounds a structure, installation, or town, normally to provide it with a preliminary line of Defense ....
 lined with clay
Clay

Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals, which show plasticity through a variable range of water content, and which can be hardened when dried and/or fired....
 was constructed around the entire quarry. Ground water that seeps into the pit is pumped up into the moat.

Many quarries fill with water after abandonment and become lake
Lake

A lake is a terrain feature , a body of liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the bottom of basin and moves slowly if it moves at all....
s. Others are made into landfill
Landfill

File:Wysypisko.jpgFile:Landfill face.JPGFile:Landfill.jpg A landfill, also known as a dump , is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form of list of solid waste treatment technologies....
s.

Types of rock

Types of rock extracted from quarries include:
  • Cinder
    Cinder

    A cinder is a pyroclastic rock material. Cinders are extrusive igneous rocks. Cinders are similar to pumice, which has so many cavities and is such low-density that it can float on water....
  • Chalk
    Chalk

    Chalk is a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. It forms under relatively deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite plates shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores....
  • China Clay
  • Clay
    Clay

    Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals, which show plasticity through a variable range of water content, and which can be hardened when dried and/or fired....
  • Coal
    Coal

    Coal is a readily combustion black or brownish-black sedimentary rock. The harder forms, such as anthracite, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure....
  • Coquina
    Coquina

    Coquina is an incompletely consolidated sedimentary rock found in coastal Florida. Coquina was formed in association with ocean reefs and is a variety of "coral rag", technically a subset of limestone....
  • Construction aggregate
    Construction Aggregate

    Construction aggregate, or simply "aggregate ", is a broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates....
     (sand
    Sand

    Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.As the term is used by geologists, sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625 to 2 millimeters....
     and gravel
    Gravel

    Gravel is rock that is of a specific particle size range. Specifically, it is is any loose rock that is larger than two millimeters in its largest dimension and no more than 64 millimeters ....
    )
  • Globigerina Limestone (Malta)
  • Granite
    Granite

    Granite is a common and widely occurring type of Intrusion , felsic, igneous rock rock . Granite has a medium to coarse texture, occasionally with some individual crystals larger than the groundmass forming a rock known as Porphyry ....
  • Gritstone
    Gritstone

    Gritstone is a sedimentary rock composed of coarse sand grains with inclusions of small pebbles. It is a coarser version of sandstone.As gritstone is a fluvial sedimentary rock it frequently shows signs of cross-bedding or current bedding....
  • Gypsum
    Gypsum

    Gypsum is a very soft mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula calciumsulfuroxygen4?2water....
  • Limestone
    Limestone

    File:Limestone Formation In Waitomo.jpgLimestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite . The deposition of limestone strata is often a by-product and indicator of biological activity in the geology record....
  • Marble
    Marble

    Marble is a nonfoliated metamorphic rock resulting from the metamorphism of limestone, composed mostly of calcite . It is extensively used for Marble sculpture, as a architecture material, and in many other applications....
  • Ore
    Ore

    An ore is a type of Rock that contains minerals such as gemstones and metals that can be extracted through mining and refined for use. Samples of ore in the form of exceptionally beautiful crystals, exotic layering visible when sectioned or polished or metallic presentations such as large nuggets or crystalline formations of metals suc...
    s
  • Phosphate rock
    Phosphate rock

    Phosphate rock or phosphorite is a general description applied to several kinds of rock which contain significant concentrations of phosphate minerals, which are minerals that contain the phosphate ion in their chemical structure....
  • Sandstone
    Sandstone

    Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock Particle size . Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust ....
  • Slate
    Slate

    Slate is a fine-grained, foliation , homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcano ash through low grade regional metamorphism....


See also

  • Coal mining
    Coal mining

    Coal mining is the extraction or removal of coal from the earth by mining. When coal is used for fuel in power generation it is referred to as steaming or thermal coal....
  • Clay pit
    Clay pit

    A clay pit is a quarry or Mining for the extraction of clay, which is generally used for manufacturing pottery, bricks or Portland cement.The brick factory is often located alongside the clay pit to reduce the transport costs of the raw material....
  • Collecting fossils
  • Gravel pit
    Gravel pit

    File:Aerial fg103 DSC 1469 Kiesgrube bei Geinsheim.JPGGravel pit is the term for an open-pit mining working for extraction of gravel . Gravel pits normally lie in river valleys where the water table is high, so they fill naturally with water to form ponds or lakes....
  • Kouloura
    Kouloura

    A koulara is a circular shaped subsurface pit found in certain Human settlements within Ancient Greece. Examples of koulouras from the Minoan civilization period have been found, for example, at Phaistos....
  • List of minerals
    List of minerals

    This is a List of minerals for which there are Wikipedia articles. Mineral variety names and mineraloids are to be listed after the valid minerals for each letter....
  • List of rock types
  • List of stones
    List of stone

    Geographical list of rock used for decorative purposes in construction and sculpture; currently or historically produced in various countries....
  • Miner
    Miner

    A miner is a person whose work or business it is to extract ore or minerals from the earth. It is considered one of the most dangerous trades in the world....
  • Mountaintop removal mining


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