QinetiQ
Encyclopedia
Qinetiq is a British global defence technology company
Defense contractor
A defense contractor is a business organization or individual that provides products or services to a military department of a government. Products typically include military aircraft, ships, vehicles, weaponry, and electronic systems...

, formed from the greater part of the former UK government agency, Defence Evaluation and Research Agency
Defence Evaluation and Research Agency
The Defence Evaluation and Research Agency was a part of the UK Ministry of Defence until July 2, 2001. At the time it was the United Kingdom's largest science and technology organisation...

 (DERA), when it was split up in June 2001 (with the smaller part becoming Dstl
Dstl
The Defence Science and Technology Laboratory is a trading fund of the Ministry of Defence of the United Kingdom. Responsibility for Dstl lies with the Minister for Defence Equipment, Support and Technology, currently Peter Luff....

). Its major sites are in Farnborough
Farnborough, Hampshire
-History:Name changes: Ferneberga ; Farnburghe, Farenberg ; Farnborowe, Fremborough, Fameborough .Tower Hill, Cove: There is substantial evidence...

, Hampshire, and in Malvern, Worcestershire
Malvern, Worcestershire
Malvern is a town and civil parish in Worcestershire, England, governed by Malvern Town Council. As of the 2001 census it has a population of 28,749, and includes the historical settlement and commercial centre of Great Malvern on the steep eastern flank of the Malvern Hills, and the former...

 where it was formerly DERA and is the largest single employer in the area. Former Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency is a civilian intelligence agency of the United States government. It is an executive agency and reports directly to the Director of National Intelligence, responsible for providing national security intelligence assessment to senior United States policymakers...

 Director George Tenet
George Tenet
George John Tenet was the Director of Central Intelligence for the United States Central Intelligence Agency, and is Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy at Georgetown University....

 served as an independent non-executive director to Qinetiq's board between October 2006 and January 2008. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange
London Stock Exchange
The London Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located in the City of London within the United Kingdom. , the Exchange had a market capitalisation of US$3.7495 trillion, making it the fourth-largest stock exchange in the world by this measurement...

 and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index
FTSE 250 Index
The FTSE 250 Index is a capitalisation-weighted index consisting of the 101st to the 350th largest companies on the London Stock Exchange. Promotions to and demotions from the index take place quarterly in March, June, September and December...

.

Early years

In 2001, when Defence Minister Lewis Moonie announced the creation of Qinetiq, he said that it would remain a British company based in the UK. The MoD would keep a 'Special Share' in the company, and safeguards would be in place to prevent conflicts of interest. In February 2003, the U.S. private equity
Private equity
Private equity, in finance, is an asset class consisting of equity securities in operating companies that are not publicly traded on a stock exchange....

 firm the Carlyle Group
Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group is an American-based global asset management firm, specializing in private equity, based in Washington, D.C. The Carlyle Group operates in four business areas: corporate private equity, real assets, market strategies and fund-of-funds, through its AlpInvest subsidiary...

 acquired a 33.8% share in the company for £42m. Prior to stock market flotation, ownership was split between the MoD (56%), Carlyle Group (31%) and staff (13%). The Carlyle Group was expected to invest for three to five years, after which a stock exchange float would take place.

Early expansion

In September 2004 Qinetiq acquired the U.S. defence companies Westar Corporation and Foster-Miller
Foster-Miller
Foster-Miller, Inc., is a United States based military robotics manufacturer, a division of the United Kingdom's QinetiQ North America. Its two best-known products are TALON robots and LAST Armor....

 (maker of the Talon
Foster-Miller TALON
The Foster-Miller TALON robot is a small, tracked military robot designed for missions ranging from reconnaissance to combat. Over 3000 TALON robots have been deployed to combat theaters. -Overview:...

 robot). Also in 2004, it acquired HVR Consulting Services Ltd. a leading UK based engineering consultancy. In early August 2005, the company announced it would acquire Apogen Technologies, Inc., pending regulatory approval. The Qinetiq website lists this merger as costing $288.0m (£162.7m). In September 2005, it acquired a 90% share of Verhaert Design and Development NV (VDD), the Belgian
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

 space systems integrator. In October that year, it acquired Broadreach Networks Limited, a supplier of Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi or Wifi, is a mechanism for wirelessly connecting electronic devices. A device enabled with Wi-Fi, such as a personal computer, video game console, smartphone, or digital audio player, can connect to the Internet via a wireless network access point. An access point has a range of about 20...

 internet to the European rail industry, and in February 2006, it bought Graphics Research Corporation Ltd, developer of the Paramarine software suite of ship and submarine design tools.

Stock Exchange listing

The flotation of the company has been dogged with controversy. Ennobled in 2005, Lord Moonie who handled the initial sale, said in 2006 that the government's 31 per cent stake in Qinetiq should not have been sold when equity markets were languishing in 2002. He said that he had argued for the sale to be delayed but was overruled by the Treasury who had convinced the Ministry of Defence to go ahead.

Qinetiq was floated on the London Stock Exchange
London Stock Exchange
The London Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located in the City of London within the United Kingdom. , the Exchange had a market capitalisation of US$3.7495 trillion, making it the fourth-largest stock exchange in the world by this measurement...

 in February 2006. The company had been valued at between £1.1bn and £1.3bn, with the MoD holding estimated to be worth £616m – £728m, the Carlyle Group's holding £341m – £403m, and staff/management's holding worth £143m – £169m. Controversy was generated by the very large returns for the Carlyle Group
Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group is an American-based global asset management firm, specializing in private equity, based in Washington, D.C. The Carlyle Group operates in four business areas: corporate private equity, real assets, market strategies and fund-of-funds, through its AlpInvest subsidiary...

 and senior managers, with figures of over £20m suggested in the media for Sir John Chisholm. Financial press speculation concerning a stock exchange float increased in January 2006. On 12 January 2006 an announcement was made in parliament by Dr John Reid, Secretary of State for Defence. He said that the Carlyle Group, 'will continue to retain a significant stake in the company', and that the British government would continue to hold a 'Golden Share
Golden Share
A Golden Share is a nominal share which is able to outvote all other shares in certain specified circumstances, often held by a government organization, in a government company undergoing the process of privatization and transformation into a stock-company....

' in Qinetiq to protect the United Kingdom's security and defence interests.

Controversy also arose around the fact that retail investors were to be excluded from the initial public offering
Initial public offering
An initial public offering or stock market launch, is the first sale of stock by a private company to the public. It can be used by either small or large companies to raise expansion capital and become publicly traded enterprises...

 (IPO) due to Qinetiq's complexity and the fact that institutional investors would require less complicated marketing and financing. This led to contrasts with the 'Sid' campaign for British Gas plc
British Gas plc
British Gas plc was formerly the monopoly gas supplier and is a private sector in the United Kingdom.- History :In the early 1900s the gas market in the United Kingdom was mainly run by county councils and small private firms...

 in 1986, where retail investors were encouraged to buy shares, both with discounts and a large advertising campaign. The issue was partially resolved by allowing some brokerage
Stock broker
A stock broker or stockbroker is a regulated professional broker who buys and sells shares and other securities through market makers or Agency Only Firms on behalf of investors...

 firms to place orders in the IPO as part of a combined order, allowing the firm to purchase as though an institutional investor
Institutional investor
Institutional investors are organizations which pool large sums of money and invest those sums in securities, real property and other investment assets...

, but on behalf of clients. While this did not result in a public campaign or retail investor discounts, it did allow many investors to purchase shares directly in the IPO.

The company floated on 10 February 2006, with an IPO of 200p per share, which gave Qinetiq an initial market value of £1.3bn. On 13 February 2006 (the Monday after the Friday IPO) Qinetiq shares closed at 219.5p per share, valuing the company at over £1.4bn. However, by late March 2006 Qinetiq shares dropped 15% from that peak (7% from the IPO price) to 186p each. Following the IPO, the MoD held 19.2% of Qinetiq with the Carlyle Group holding 10.3%.

Speculation that a consortium including Qinetiq was about to win a £10bn MoD training contract helped push their share price back above 190p in early November 2006. It was announced on 17 January 2007 that the Qinetiq-led Metrix consortium
Metrix UK
Metrix UK Ltd is a joint venture company, originally a 50/50 equity partnership between QinetiQ and LandSecurities Trillium, specifically set up to bid for the two main contracts under the UK Government's 2001 Defence Training Review rationalisation programme...

 was the preferred bidder for package one of the MoD's Defence Training Rationalisation programme, worth approx £16bn.

Recent expansion

In January 2007, the Company bought Analex, a U.S.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 corporation providing high technology professional services and solutions, principally to the United States Government and its agencies. Analex originally incorporated in 1964 under the name Biorad which then evolved into Hadron, Inc., a U.S. government systems consulting firm chaired by Earl Brian
Earl Brian
Dr. Earl Winfrey Brian, Jr. was a decorated combat surgeon with an aerial support unit for the United States Central Intelligence Agency's Vietnam War-era Phoenix Program...

, a controversial, often shady, businessman who eventually became the centre of focus in a Ronald Reagan
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States , the 33rd Governor of California and, prior to that, a radio, film and television actor....

-era, software piracy case: Inslaw Inc. v. United States Government.

On 9 February 2007, the Carlyle Group sold its remaining 10.3% stake at a price of 205p per share, giving it an overall £290m return on its original investment.

In February 2007 the acquisition of ITS Corporation, a provider of IT
Information technology
Information technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications...

 services to the US
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 government and its agencies, was announced. The disposal of Aerospace Filtration Systems (formerly part of Westar) was announced at the same time. In June, Qinetiq Group plc announced that its U.S. subsidiary Apogen Technologies Inc. had completed the acquisition of 3H Technology LLC, a specialist IT company with US government and commercial clients. In October, the company completed the acquisition of Boldon James Holdings Limited
Boldon James
Boldon James is a UK-based software company incorporated in February 1985, and specialising in secure messaging solutions aimed primarily at the defence/aerospace and government marketplaces...

, a UK
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

-based provider of software solutions for high end secure messaging, primarily for military, government and security customers worldwide.

In March 2007 Qinetiq spun off a new company, Omni-ID, Ltd.
Omni-ID
Omni-ID is a vendor of passive UHF Radio-frequency identification tags. Founded in 2007 as Omni-ID, Ltd., its products are a range of RFID tags designed to operate in all environments, including on metal and liquids.- Founding :...

, for the purpose of commercialising passive UHF Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags.

The MoD sold its remaining 18.9% holding in Qinetiq in September 2008 at 206p per share, raising £254m. The government retained its 'special share' in the company, giving it control over any potential takeover.

NAO inquiry

In 2007, the National Audit Office
National Audit Office (United Kingdom)
The National Audit Office is an independent Parliamentary body in the United Kingdom which is responsible for auditing central government departments, government agencies and non-departmental public bodies...

 conducted an inquiry into the privatisation of Qinetiq to determine whether UK taxpayers got good value for money from the sale. The NAO inquiry looked at the following issues:
  • choice of privatisation strategy;
  • management of the process (the split of the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency into two, the sale to Carlyle and the flotation);
  • costs incurred and the proceeds achieved; and,
  • whether the deal met its objectives.

In November 2007, the NAO reported that taxpayers could have gained "tens of millions" more and was critical of the incentive scheme given to Qinetiq managers, the 10 most senior of whom gained £107.5m on a total investment of £540,000 in the company's shares. The return of 19,990% on their investment was described as "excessive" by the NAO. The role of Qinetiq's management in negotiating terms with the Carlyle Group
Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group is an American-based global asset management firm, specializing in private equity, based in Washington, D.C. The Carlyle Group operates in four business areas: corporate private equity, real assets, market strategies and fund-of-funds, through its AlpInvest subsidiary...

, while the private equity company was bidding for the business, was also criticised by the NAO. Carlyle bought a third of the business for £42m which grew in value to £372m in less than four years. However, the Ministry of Defence defended the sale:
"It has delivered excellent value for money, generating more than £800m for the taxpayer, while protecting UK defence and security interests," said Baroness Taylor
Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton
Winifred Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton, PC is a British Labour Party politician, who was Minister for International Defence and Security, based at both the Ministry of Defence and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, from October 2008 until 11 May 2010.-Member of Parliament:Taylor was the...

, Minister for Defence Equipment and Support.

Operations

Qinetiq is an international defence and security technology company that provides technology-based products and services to government and commercial customers. More than 2,000 of Qinetiq's Talon robot
Foster-Miller TALON
The Foster-Miller TALON robot is a small, tracked military robot designed for missions ranging from reconnaissance to combat. Over 3000 TALON robots have been deployed to combat theaters. -Overview:...

s have been deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan most of which are being used to remotely locate and disable roadside bombs. Qinetiq's SPO stand-off threat detection system has been sold to the US Transportation Security Administration for use at American railway stations and airports. Qinetiq's Zephyr
QinetiQ Zephyr
Zephyr is a lightweight solar-powered UAV which was originally designed and built by the QQ1 "Edge of Space" team who were sponsored by the United Kingdom defence firm, Qinetiq. It is of carbon-fibre construction, and uses sunlight to charge a lithium sulphur battery during the day, which powers...

, solar powered unmanned aerial vehicle recently flew non-stop for fourteen days – an official world record for longest duration unmanned flight.

Qinetiq has a 25-year agreement with the UK Ministry of Defence
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces....

 (MoD) to provide test and evaluation services and manage military ranges. This agreement is the Long Term Partnering Agreement (LTPA). It is a major stakeholder in the UK Defence Technology Centre
Defence Technology Centre
A Defence Technology Centre carries out military science research on behalf of the UK government. They are consortia with members from industry, universities as well as QinetiQ. They are organised by scientific themes. There are currently four DTCs...

 which places military research contracts on behalf of the MoD.

Also, Qinetiq has a 15-year agreement with the MoD under the Maritime Strategic Facilities Agreement (MSCA) to provide strategic maritime facilities and capabilities, including hydromechanic facilities at Haslar, biomedical facilities on the UK's South Coast, and submarine structures, survivability and shock testing facilities at Rosyth.

Organisation

The Qinetiq Group comprises Qinetiq EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Australasia) and Qinetiq North America. There are three business divisions in North America (technology solutions, systems engineering and mission solutions) and three in EMEA (consultancy, managed services and technology solutions).

The major UK sites are at Farnborough
Farnborough, Hampshire
-History:Name changes: Ferneberga ; Farnburghe, Farenberg ; Farnborowe, Fremborough, Fameborough .Tower Hill, Cove: There is substantial evidence...

, Hampshire
Hampshire
Hampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...

 (the historical Royal Aircraft Establishment
Royal Aircraft Establishment
The Royal Aircraft Establishment , was a British research establishment, known by several different names during its history, that eventually came under the aegis of the UK Ministry of Defence , before finally losing its identity in mergers with other institutions.The first site was at Farnborough...

) and Malvern, Worcestershire
Malvern, Worcestershire
Malvern is a town and civil parish in Worcestershire, England, governed by Malvern Town Council. As of the 2001 census it has a population of 28,749, and includes the historical settlement and commercial centre of Great Malvern on the steep eastern flank of the Malvern Hills, and the former...

 (the historical RSRE
Royal Signals and Radar Establishment
The Royal Signals and Radar Establishment was a scientific research establishment within the Ministry of Defence of the United Kingdom, located primarily at Malvern in Worcestershire. It was formed in 1976 in an amalgamation of earlier research establishments including the Royal Radar Establishment...

/RRE
Royal Radar Establishment
The name Royal Radar Establishment was given to the existing Radar Research Establishment following a visit by Queen Elizabeth II in 1957. Both names were abbreviated to RRE. The establishment had been formed, under its first name, in 1953 by merging the Telecommunications Research Establishment ...

/TRE
Telecommunications Research Establishment
The Telecommunications Research Establishment was the main United Kingdom research and development organization for radio navigation, radar, infra-red detection for heat seeking missiles, and related work for the Royal Air Force during World War II and the years that followed. The name was...

), each having more than 2,000 employees. Trials aircraft are flown out of Boscombe Down, Wiltshire
Wiltshire
Wiltshire is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. It contains the unitary authority of Swindon and covers...

  (the historical A&AEE).

Employment

Qinetiq is one of the top 10 largest UK employers of science and engineering graduates, recruiting around 150 a year. Between 2002 and 2006, it has appeared in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers
Times Top 100 Graduate Employers
The Times Top 100 Graduate Employers is a list, and accompanying book, published by The Times newspaper and High Fliers Publications. It details the top employers for graduates in the United Kingdom...

 list. However Qinetiq has since been accused by workers' unions of exhibiting higher than average levels of stress-related depression among employees, although this is strongly denied by the company.

Defence

  • Talon Robot
  • LAST Armour
  • Family of Advanced Cost Estimating Tools (FACET)
  • Operating and Support Cost Model (OSCAM)

See also

  • Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom
  • Mercator (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)
    Mercator (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)
    Mercator is a joint British/Belgian remote sensing system utilising a modified version of the Qinetiq Zephyr High Altitude Long Endurance unmanned aerial vehicle as a platform....

  • Qinetiq 1
    QinetiQ 1
    QinetiQ 1 was a balloon designed to set a new world altitude record for manned balloon flight of around 40 km . The balloon was named after the main sponsors, QinetiQ .The immense 381 m high zero-pressure balloon was constructed from 5,000 kg of polyethylene...

     (balloon)
  • RV Triton
    RV Triton
    The Research Vessel Triton is a trimaran vessel owned by Gardline Marine Sciences Limited and a former prototype British warship demonstrator for the UK's Defence Evaluation and Research Agency...

     (trimaran vessel formerly owned by Qinetiq)
  • Railgun
    Railgun
    A railgun is an entirely electrical gun that accelerates a conductive projectile along a pair of metal rails using the same principles as the homopolar motor. Railguns use two sliding or rolling contacts that permit a large electric current to pass through the projectile. This current interacts...

  • Scramjet
    Scramjet
    A scramjet is a variant of a ramjet airbreathing jet engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic airflow...

  • Topsat
    TopSat
    TopSat is an Earth observation satellite that was launched on October 27, 2005 alongside the Beijing-1 Disaster Monitoring Constellation satellite by a Cosmos rocket from Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. TopSat carries out imaging with a ground resolution of 2.5m...

  • Qinetiq Zephyr
    QinetiQ Zephyr
    Zephyr is a lightweight solar-powered UAV which was originally designed and built by the QQ1 "Edge of Space" team who were sponsored by the United Kingdom defence firm, Qinetiq. It is of carbon-fibre construction, and uses sunlight to charge a lithium sulphur battery during the day, which powers...

  • Aerogenerator
  • Automatika
    Automatika
    Automatika is a robotics and automation firm based in O'Hara Township, Pennsylvania. Started by two Carnegie Mellon University graduates in 1995, the company is now owned by QinetiQ North America....


External links

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