Qapaghan Qaghan or Qapghan Qaghan (Old Turkic: , Qapaγan qaγan, 遷善可汗/迁善可汗, personal name: 阿史那 默啜, Pinyin

Pinyin

Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...

: āshǐnà mòchuò, Wade-Giles

Wade-Giles

Wade–Giles , sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a romanization system for the Mandarin Chinese language. It developed from a system produced by Thomas Wade during the mid-19th century , and was given completed form with Herbert Giles' Chinese–English dictionary of 1892.Wade–Giles was the most...

: a-shih-na mo-ch'o, r. 694-716) was the second Khaghan of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate during Wu Zetian

Wu Zetian

Wu Zetian , personal name Wu Zhao , often referred to as Tian Hou during the Tang Dynasty and Empress Consort Wu in later times, was the only woman in the history of China to assume the title of Empress Regnant...

's reign. And he's brother of Ilteris Sad

Ilteris Sad

Ilterish Qaghan , was the founder of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate...

.

Ashina Mo-ch'o was a member and descendant of the Ashina clan

Ashina

Ashina was a tribe and the ruling dynasty of the ancient Turks who rose to prominence in the mid-6th century when their leader, Bumin Khan, revolted against the Rouran...

 that had ruled over the previous Eastern Turkic Khaganate, which fell in 659. In 681, Mo-ch'o assisted his brother, Kutlugh

Ilteris Sad

Ilterish Qaghan , was the founder of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate...

, in a revolt against Tang

Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...

 dominion, and succeeded in reviving the Eastern Turkic Khaganate.

The revived Turkic Khaganate reached its greatest extent during the reign of Qapagan Khaghan. He notably encouraged the Khitan

Khitan people

thumb|250px|Khitans [[Eagle hunting|using eagles to hunt]], painted during the Chinese [[Song Dynasty]].The Khitan people , or Khitai, Kitan, or Kidan, were a nomadic Mongolic people, originally located at Mongolia and Manchuria from the 4th century...

's Li-Sun Rebellion (696

696

Year 696 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 696 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years....

-697

697

Year 697 was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 697 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.- Religion :* Approximate date of the Council of Birr,...

) to eventually attack and plunder successful Khitan on their rear, to his full benefit. Qapagan, who was on his way back from suppressing the revolting Tiele

Tiele people

The Tiele or Tele , were a confederation of nine Turkic peoples living to the north of China and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the Xiongnu confederacy...

 tribes of Huihe, Tongluo, Baixi, Bayegu and Pugu, was ambushed killed by a Bayegu tribesman named Xiezhilue (颉质略) on July 22, 716. The name Qapagan (in Turkish sources Kapgan, Kapagan or Kapağan ) comes from the Old Turkic word "kap-" meaning "to conquer", so the derivative Kapgan means "the Conqueror". He was succeeded by his son Inel Qaghan

Inel Qaghan

Inel Qaghan was a ruler of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate...

 (716).

He was killed in his campaign against Toquz Oghuz

Tokuz-Oguzes

Toquz Oghuz is a political alliance of nine Turkic tribes. Toquz Oghuz consolidated within the Turkic Kaganate , and after its fragmentation preserved their union...

 and his chopped head was sent to Changan. After his death, Kul Tigin

Kul Tigin

Kul Tigin Kul Tigin Kul Tigin (Old Turkic:, Kultegin, (闕特勒/阙特勤, Pinyin: quètèqín, Wade-Giles: chüeh-t'e-ch'in, ? - 575 AD) was a general of the Second Turkic Kaganate. He was a second son of Ilterish Shad and the younger brother of Bilge Kagan....

 and Tonyukuk

Tonyukuk

Tonyukuk Tonyukuk Tonyukuk (Old Turkic: , Bilge Tuňuquq, died c. 724 AD, (暾欲穀/暾欲谷, Pinyin: tūnyùgǔ, personal name: Ashide Yuanzhen 阿史德元珍, āshǐdé yuánzhēn, a-shih-te yüan-chen) was the yabgu and commander-in-chief of four Göktürk khagans, the best known of whom is Bilge Khan. He played a major role...

 carried out a coup d'état

Coup d'état

A coup d'état state, literally: strike/blow of state)—also known as a coup, putsch, and overthrow—is the sudden, extrajudicial deposition of a government, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment—typically the military—to replace the deposed government with another body; either...

 and killed Qapaghan's son and brothers and made Bilge Qaghan a qaghan.

See also

• Gokturk