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Pyrrolidine
 
 
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Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is an organic compound
Organic compound

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered Inorganic compound....
 with the molecular formula C4H9N. It is a cyclic amine
Amine

Amines are organic compounds and functional groups that contain a base nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivative s of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents such as alkyl and aryl groups....
 with a five-membered ring containing four carbon
Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
 atoms and one nitrogen
Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element that has the symbol N and atomic number 7 and atomic mass 14.00674?. Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78% by volume of Earth's atmosphere....
 atom. It is a clear liquid with an unpleasant ammonia-like odor.

Pyrrolidine is found naturally in the leaves of tobacco
Tobacco

Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as an organic pesticide, and in the form of nicotine tartrate it is used in some medicines....
 and carrot
Carrot

The carrot is a root vegetable, usually orange or white, or red-white blend in colour, with a crisp texture when fresh. The edible part of a carrot is a taproot....
. The pyrrolidine ring structure is present in numerous natural alkaloid
Alkaloid

Alkaloids are naturally occurring chemical compounds containing base nitrogen atoms. The name derives from the word alkaline and was used to describe any nitrogen-containing base....
s such as nicotine
Nicotine

Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants which constitutes approximately 0.6?3.0% of dry weight of tobacco, with biosynthesis taking place in the roots, and accumulating in the leaves....
 and hygrine
Hygrine

Hygrine is a pyrrolidine alkaloid, found mainly in coca leaves . It was first isolated by Carl Liebermann in 1889 as an alkaloid accompanying cocaine in coca....
.






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Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is an organic compound
Organic compound

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered Inorganic compound....
 with the molecular formula C4H9N. It is a cyclic amine
Amine

Amines are organic compounds and functional groups that contain a base nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivative s of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents such as alkyl and aryl groups....
 with a five-membered ring containing four carbon
Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
 atoms and one nitrogen
Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element that has the symbol N and atomic number 7 and atomic mass 14.00674?. Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78% by volume of Earth's atmosphere....
 atom. It is a clear liquid with an unpleasant ammonia-like odor.

Pyrrolidine is found naturally in the leaves of tobacco
Tobacco

Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as an organic pesticide, and in the form of nicotine tartrate it is used in some medicines....
 and carrot
Carrot

The carrot is a root vegetable, usually orange or white, or red-white blend in colour, with a crisp texture when fresh. The edible part of a carrot is a taproot....
. The pyrrolidine ring structure is present in numerous natural alkaloid
Alkaloid

Alkaloids are naturally occurring chemical compounds containing base nitrogen atoms. The name derives from the word alkaline and was used to describe any nitrogen-containing base....
s such as nicotine
Nicotine

Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants which constitutes approximately 0.6?3.0% of dry weight of tobacco, with biosynthesis taking place in the roots, and accumulating in the leaves....
 and hygrine
Hygrine

Hygrine is a pyrrolidine alkaloid, found mainly in coca leaves . It was first isolated by Carl Liebermann in 1889 as an alkaloid accompanying cocaine in coca....
. It is found in many pharmaceutical drugs such as procyclidine and bepridil
Bepridil

Bepridil is a calcium channel blocker once used to treat Angina pectoris. It is no longer sold in the United States.It is nonselective.It has been discussed as a possible option in the treatment of atrial fibrillation....
. It also forms the basis for the racetam
Racetam

Racetams are a class of nootropic psychoactive drug that share a pyrrolidine nucleus....
 compounds (e.g. piracetam
Piracetam

Piracetam is a nootropic. It is a drug which enhances cognition and memory, slows down brain aging, increases blood flow and oxygen to the brain, aids stroke recovery, and improves Alzheimer's, Down syndrome, dementia, and dyslexia, among others....
, aniracetam
Aniracetam

Aniracetam is a nootropic compound of the racetam family purported to be considerably more potent than piracetam. It is lipid soluble and has possible cognition enhancing effects....
).

A pyrrolidine ring is the central structure of the amino acid
Amino acid

In chemistry, an amino acid is a molecule containing both amine and carboxyl functional groups. These molecules are particularly important in biochemistry, where this term refers to alpha-amino acids with the general formula H2NCHRCOOH, where R is an organic substituent....
s proline
Proline

Proline is an a-amino acid, one of the twenty DNA-encoded amino acids. Its codons are CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG. It is not an essential amino acid, which means that humans can synthesize it....
 and hydroxyproline
Hydroxyproline

4-Hydroxyproline, or hydroxyproline , is an uncommon amino acid, abbreviated as HYP, e.g., in Protein Data Bank....
.

In organic chemistry, pyrrolidine is used to activate ketones toward nucleophilic addition by formation of the imine
Imine

An imine is a functional group or chemical compound containing a carbon?nitrogen double bond . Due to their diverse reactivity, imines are common substrates in a wide variety of transformations....
.

See also


  • Pyrrole
    Pyrrole

    Pyrrole, or pyrrol, is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, a five-membered ring with the chemical formula carbon4hydrogen4nitrogenH....
    , the aromatic analog with two double bonds
  • Pyrroline
    Pyrroline

    Pyrrolines, also known under the name dihydropyrroles, are three different heterocyclic compound organic chemistry chemical compounds which differ in the position of the double bond....
    , an analog with one double bond


External links

  • [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/96268.htm Pyrrolidine MSDS]