Punitive expedition

When the territorial sovereign is too weak or is unwilling to enforce respect for international law, a state which is wronged may find it necessary to invade the territory and to chastise the individuals who violate its rights and threaten its security.

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When the territorial sovereign is too weak or is unwilling to enforce respect for international law, a state which is wronged may find it necessary to invade the territory and to chastise the individuals who violate its rights and threaten its security.

Notable punitive expeditions

• In the 13th century Kublai Khan
  Kublai Khan
  
  Sorry, no overview for this topic
  , the founder of the Yuan Dynasty
  Yuan Dynasty
  
  The Yuan Dynasty , or Great Yuan Empire was both the continuation of the Mongol Empire and the Mongol founded historical state in Mongolia and China, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368....
  , sent emissaries demanding tribute from the Singhasari kingdom of Java
  Java
  
  Java is an island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city, Jakarta. Once the centre of powerful Hindu kingdoms, The spread of Islam in Indonesia , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies, Java now plays a dominant role in the economic and political life of Indonesia....
  . The ruler of the Singhasari kingdom, Kertanagara, refused to pay tribute as well as tatooing on a Chinese messenger Meng Qi's face. A punitive expedition
  Mongol invasion of Java
  
  During the reign of Kublai Khan, the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire and the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, a large invasion fleet was sent to Java with over 20,000-30,000 soldiers by Yuan emperor Kublai Khan in 1293....
   sent by Kublai Khan arrived off the coast of Java in 1293. Jayakatwang, a rebel from Kediri, had killed Kertanagara by that time. The Mongols allied with Raden Wijaya
  Raden Wijaya
  
  Raden Wijaya was the founder and first raja of the Majapahit kingdom on Java, Indonesia. The story of his founding of Majapahit was written in several records, including Pararaton and Negarakertagama....
   of Majapahit against Jayakatwang and, once the Singhasari kingdom was destroyed, Wijaya turned and forced his Mongol allies to withdraw in confusion.
• The 1874 Japanese expedition against Formosa
  Formosa
  
  Formosa is a place name which comes from Portuguese .The following places bear the name:* The island of Taiwan is historically known as Formosa, the name given by Portuguese sailors due to the beauty of its coasts....
  .
• The shortest war in history, the Anglo-Zanzibar War
  Anglo-Zanzibar War
  
  The Anglo-Zanzibar War was fought between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Zanzibar on 27 August 1896. The conflict lasted approximately 40 minutes and is the shortest war in history....
   can be described as a punitive expedition. The origin of the war was election of the "wrong" (i.e. not a pro-British) sultan.
• Benin Expedition of 1897 British punitive action that led to the annexation of the Kingdom of Benin. The New York Times
  The New York Times
  
  The New York Times is an American daily newspaper published in New York City. The largest metropolitan newspaper in the United States, "The Gray Lady"?named for its staid appearance and style?is regarded as a national newspaper of record....
   reported on January 13, 1897 that a "punitive expedition" would be formed to "punish the murderers of the Benin City expedition."
• The Pancho Villa Expedition
  Pancho Villa Expedition
  
  The Pancho Villa Expedition was a military operation conducted by the United States Army against the paramilitary forces of Pancho Villa from 1916 to 1917....
   from 1916 to 1917, led by General John J. Pershing
  John J. Pershing
  
  John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing, Order of the Bath was an officer in the United States Army. He is the only person to be promoted in his own lifetime to the highest rank ever held in the United States Army?General of the Armies....
  , was an operation in retaliation against Pancho Villa's incursion into United States.
• Suppression of the 1920 Iraqi Revolt
  Iraqi revolt against the British
  
  The Iraqi revolt against the British started in Baghdad in the summer of 1920 with mass demonstrations of both Sunni and Shia, including protests by embittered officers from the old Ottoman Empire army, against the policies of Sir Arnold Wilson....
   against the British Mandate of Mesopotamia,