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The Punctation of Olmütz , also called the Agreement of Olmütz, was a treaty between Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia was a Germany monarchy from 1701 to 1918 and, from 1871, was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising almost two-thirds of the area of the empire....
 and Austria
Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire was a periodization successor state empire founded on a remnant of the Holy Roman Empire centered on what is today's Austria that officially lasted from 1804 to 1867....
, dated November 29, 1850, by which Prussia abandoned the Erfurt Union
Erfurt Union

The Erfurt Union was a short-lived union of List of German Confederation member states under a federation, proposed by the Kingdom of Prussia at Erfurt, for which the Erfurt Union Parliament , lasting from March 20 to April 29, 1850, was opened....
 and accepted the revival of the German Confederation
German Confederation

The German Confederation was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806....
 under Austrian leadership.

The treaty was the result of a conference held in Olmütz (Olomouc) in the Austrian Margraviate of Moravia
Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
. It is also known as the "humiliation of Olmütz", as the treaty was seen by many as a capitulation of the Prussians to the Austrians.






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The Punctation of Olmütz , also called the Agreement of Olmütz, was a treaty between Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia was a Germany monarchy from 1701 to 1918 and, from 1871, was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising almost two-thirds of the area of the empire....
 and Austria
Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire was a periodization successor state empire founded on a remnant of the Holy Roman Empire centered on what is today's Austria that officially lasted from 1804 to 1867....
, dated November 29, 1850, by which Prussia abandoned the Erfurt Union
Erfurt Union

The Erfurt Union was a short-lived union of List of German Confederation member states under a federation, proposed by the Kingdom of Prussia at Erfurt, for which the Erfurt Union Parliament , lasting from March 20 to April 29, 1850, was opened....
 and accepted the revival of the German Confederation
German Confederation

The German Confederation was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806....
 under Austrian leadership.

The treaty was the result of a conference held in Olmütz (Olomouc) in the Austrian Margraviate of Moravia
Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
. It is also known as the "humiliation of Olmütz", as the treaty was seen by many as a capitulation of the Prussians to the Austrians. The reason for the treaty was a conflict between Prussia and Austria about the leadership in the German Confederation
German Confederation

The German Confederation was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806....
. The confederation, dominated by Austria, had been dissolved in the Revolutions of 1848 and partially succeeded by the Frankfurt Assembly. After the Frankfurt Assembly failed, Prussia in early 1850 had taken the initiative of the Erfurt Union
Erfurt Union

The Erfurt Union was a short-lived union of List of German Confederation member states under a federation, proposed by the Kingdom of Prussia at Erfurt, for which the Erfurt Union Parliament , lasting from March 20 to April 29, 1850, was opened....
, a Prussia-led federation of most German states.

A conflict between the Electoral Prince of Hesse-Kassel
Hesse-Kassel

The Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel or Hesse-Cassel was a Reichsfrei principality of the Holy Roman Empire that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1567 upon the death of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse....
 (or Hesse-Cassel) and his subjects was the cause for the Austrian chancellor Felix zu Schwarzenberg to further isolate Prussia. Austrian and allied armies advanced into Electoral Hesse. On 8 November 1850, the Prussian army had come close to war with Bavaria
Bavaria

Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
 (an ally of Austria) near Fulda
Fulda

Fulda is a city in Hesse, Germany; it is located on the Fulda River and is the administrative seat of the Fulda ....
-Bronnzell. Prussia decided thereupon to give in. This development had occurred also because Czar Nicholas I of Russia
Nicholas I of Russia

Nicholas I , , was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855, known as one of the most reactionary of the List of Russian rulers. On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its historical zenith spanning over 20 million square kilometres....
 had chosen the side of Austria in the Warsaw
Warsaw

Warsaw is the Capital and World's largest cities of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains....
 negotiations in October 1850. In the Punctation, Prussia gave up its claim for the leadership of the German states. At the same time the German Confederation
German Confederation

The German Confederation was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806....
 was restored. Prussia submitted to Austria leadership of the confederation, agreed to demobilise; agreed to partake in the intervention of the German Diet in Hesse and Holstein
Holstein

Holstein is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider River. It is part of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of Germany.Holstein once existed as the County of Holstein , the later Duchy of Holstein , and was the northernmost territory of the Holy Roman Empire....
; and renounced any resumption of her union policy (abandoning the idea of the Erfurt Union).

See also

  • List of treaties
    List of treaties

    This list of treaties contains historic agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups....


Sources

  • A. J. P. Taylor
    A. J. P. Taylor

    Alan John Percival Taylor was a renowned English historian of the 20th century....
    . The Course of German history: a Survey of the Development of Germany since 1815 (1945). Routledge 1988.