Puerto Ángel
Encyclopedia
Puerto Ángel is a small coastal town in the Mexican state of Oaxaca
located in the municipality of San Pedro Pochutla
. It, along with San Agustinillo
and Playa Zipolite are known as the "Riviera Oaxaqueña. It is located 9 km south of city of Pochutla
fifty km west of Huatulco
and eighty km east of Puerto Escondido
. Despite tourism development since the 1960s, the town is still mostly a fishing village, located on a small bay surrounding by rocky hills that lead into the Sierra Madre del Sur
. It was founded in the mid 19th century as a port for the region’s coffee and lumber industries but since then other means of shipping these products has replaced it.
, the government built a wharf. At that time, this was a very isolated part of the country and the port was designed to help the area develop its coffee and lumber industries, by giving it a means to ship these products to other parts of the country. The port reached its height by 1870 and was the busiest port in the state of Oaxaca. However, after this time several developments lead to the port’s decline. A rail connection and road connected Salinas Cruz to the capital and it emerged as a port. Also federal sponsorship of the wharf faded after Juárez’s death.
In the 1960s, tourists began to take interest in this part of Oaxaca’s coastline. Highway 175, which has been only a dirt trail, was paved. Highway 200, which links most of Mexico’s Pacific coast towns was built in the 1970s and 1980s, connecting Puerto Angel with more popular beach destinations to the north. Gradually, small hotels were built to accommodate tourists.
Hurricane Pauline
made landfall at Puerto Angel on 8 October 1997. Damage to this town and many other coastal areas of Oaxaca was extensive.
The pier that was initially built in the 19th century was refurbished in 1999; however, it is too high to accommodate the fishing boats that use the harbor.
In 2009, an unusually large number of pelican
s migrated to the area due to colder than normal temperatures farther north. Many of these pelicans were accidentally drowned by fishermen’s’ nets or run over by boats as they tried to get to the trapped fish. The fishermen asked for help from the government to figure out what to do to avoid these pelican deaths as most claim to have affinity for the birds and many even have a pelican as a family pet.
trees and bougainvillea
are abundant on the hillsides; palm trees populate the beach. The climate is generally warm and moist. In winter, the temperatures are cooler, but the vegetation is relatively brown due to the dry season. The summers are hot and muggy, with afternoon or evening rains and abundant green foliage.
Fishing is still the economic base of this small community of 2,440 with tourism coming second. While the main road, Boulevard Vigilio Uribe is fully paved, many others are not and encountering wandering farm animals is not uncommon. The town’s center is marked by a small plaza adjoining a pier at the intersection of Vigilio Uribe and Vasconcelos. The smell of rotting fish innards and the processing of fish is distinct. There is a small naval installation located on the west side of the bay. Puerto Angel is several times larger than the nearby ocean communities of Mazunte or Zipolite and has a steady stream of traffic on its streets. The town has essential services such as police doctor, pharmacies, Internet and basic markets. A couple of ATMs exist but banking is best done in the nearby city of Pochutla.
Like other parts of the “Riviera Oaxaqueña,” Puerto Angel is popular with Mexican families and tourists looking for a relaxing atmosphere. The town fills during Easter Week, a popular time for vacationing in Mexico. There is limited nightlife and no loud discos. Accommodations here are basic without hot showers and air conditioning; however, as mosquitoes are active here, especially at night, most places provide mosquito netting. Hotels in the main part of town are not on the beach itself due to its commercial nature but rather on the hillsides. A number of beachside hotels exist at Playa Panteón.
Most places to eat in the town are impromptu food stands and pricy beachside restaurants serving seafood and pasta. Chicken and meat dishes are available but most specialties focus on seafood. Fresh fish, especially tuna, is served here, served as a salad stuffed into an avocado or batter-fried tuna and fish prepared Veracruz style with a sauce of tomatoes, olives and onions. Other seafood available includes ocean perch, swordfish, shark, lobster, octopus and oysters, with are commonly served fried.
Boats are available for hire for deep sea fishing or to tour the isolated beaches located just east of the bay. Most of these outfits rent equipment for fishing and snorkeling.
Each year in October, the port holds the festival called “Santos Angeles Custodios” (Holy Guardian Angels). The event begins with a festive church service and includes cultural events. The highlights are the crowning of the Queen and Princess of the Festival and the parade of boats that have been decorated for the occasion. Each boat takes off from the pier decorated and filled with passengers who ride for free as it makes a circle around the bay. The boats are judged for creativity and originality. Other festivals held here include Navy Day on 1 June, Fisherman’s Day on 5 August and Culture Week during the second week of December.
In 2008, President Felipe Calderón
announced the Oaxaca city- Coast Highway Project to link the state capital to Puerto Escondido and Huatulco
with more modern highways. With the new highways, it is predicted that the trip to coast towns like Puerto Angel will decrease from seven or eight hours to about two or three hours. The project began in 2008 and is scheduled to be completed in 2010.
Public transportation between the coastal towns is usually in the form of pick up trucks that have been outfitted to carry passengers but these tend to travel only as far as Zipolite and not Puerto Angel. To get to the other coastal towns it is necessary to take a taxi, which can be done collectively with other passengers. Between Puerto Angel and the city of Pochutla, there collective taxis and pickup truck “buses.” All forms of transportation pass along the main road of town.
, prieta turtle and Olive Ridley turtle. The harbor is filled with fishing boats, with fishermen working onshore to mend their bright yellow and red fishing nets. Large gray heron
s dive into the shallow waters searching for fish, while white egret
s and seagulls perch on the rocks above the surf.
Playa Principal (Main Beach) and Playa Panteón (Cemetery Beach) cover most of the edge of the Puerto Angel Bay. Playa Principal (also known as Playa del Muelle) is not recommended for swimming near the wharf which has a lot of fishing boat traffic. This wharf is busiest in the mornings when fishing boats arrive with their catches. Tuna is the most common fish but also red snapper
, shark, bonito
, sailfish
, lobster, conch, octopus and other seafood is caught. Tuna and lobster is most plentiful during times when the water temperature is cooler. The pier is built to too high for fishing boats, but there is good fishing off the main pier, with many catching fish the size of speckled trout but the shape of tuna. It is also a popular meeting place at dusk and dawn.
Playa Principal is connected to the bay’s other beach by a stone walkway that goes over the rocky cliff that divides the two. It is called the “andador.” Waves crash on the boulders below the walkway and can spray seawater onto the path at high tide. After crossing the andador, one arrives to Playa Panteón, which translates to “Cemetery Beach.” This beach is named for the community cemetery that lies just behind it. The sand is less fine, but it is a little more sheltered than Playa Principal and is popular for snorkeling around the rocks. This beach is lined with restaurants and lounge chairs and have lifeguards, which is not common in Mexico.
In addition to the two beaches in the bay proper, there are a number of small isolated coves with beaches just to the east of Puerto Angel. These include Playa Ixtacahuite, Playa La Mina, Playa La Boquilla and Playa La Tijera. Ixtacahuite Beach is best for scuba diving and recreational fishing because it is next to a coral reef. La Boquilla Beach is on a small shallow bay and is best for snorkeling. It can be reached by road with a rugged vehicle but is easier to arrive by boat from Puerto Angel. There is a restaurant that's open during the high season seasons.
Off the coast of Puerto Angel in open ocean is a large, well developed coral reef area. This reef occupies a small ocean plateau that is 15 to 20 meters below the surface and about fifty to one hundred meters from the closest land. One of the most commonly found species is the black coral (Pocillopora damicornis) Large corals are rare and mostly found at the bottom of the reefs. Six other species of coral were found including Pocillopora capitata, Pocillopora meandrina
, Pocillopora verrucosa, Pavona gigantea, Porites panamensis and an undescribed species noted as Pocillopora sp. Colonies of Porites panamensis were extremely scarce, encrusting, and appeared only at depths of less than three meters. The agaricid Pavona gigantea was rare, but it developed some large colonies with over one meter of height, especially on rocky zones and at depths from three to five meters. The undescribed species has no branches but develops colonies with completely flat upper surfaces. The colonies are developed in layers with each physically separate from the rest. There is evidence off a massive die-off of coral and recolonization, but it is not known what caused the coral to die.
, San Agustinillo
, Mazunte
and La Ventanilla
. Zipolite is a popular tourist beach famous for allowing nudity. San Agustinillo is a small beach area divided into three sections and Mazunte is home to Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga (Mexican Turtle Center) . La Ventanilla has nearly virgin beaches facing open ocean but is best known for its lagoon in which visitors can see crocodiles, turtles and numerous birds in its mangroves. Slightly inland is the El Paraíso fresh water spring and the Los Reyes waterfalls at Chacalapa.
Oaxaca
Oaxaca , , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 571 municipalities; of which 418 are governed by the system of customs and traditions...
located in the municipality of San Pedro Pochutla
San Pedro Pochutla
San Pedro Pochutla is a city and municipality located in the south of Oaxaca state, Mexico next to the Pacific Ocean.It is an important commercial, transportation and administrative hub for the Pochutla District in the east of the Costa Region. Pochutla is located at the junction of coastal...
. It, along with San Agustinillo
San Agustinillo
San Agustinillo consists of a small fishing village and a stretch of beach at a place with the Sierra Madre del Sur meets the Pacific Ocean in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. It is located in the municipality of Santa María Tonameca just east of the coastal communities of Mazunte and La Ventanilla,...
and Playa Zipolite are known as the "Riviera Oaxaqueña. It is located 9 km south of city of Pochutla
San Pedro Pochutla
San Pedro Pochutla is a city and municipality located in the south of Oaxaca state, Mexico next to the Pacific Ocean.It is an important commercial, transportation and administrative hub for the Pochutla District in the east of the Costa Region. Pochutla is located at the junction of coastal...
fifty km west of Huatulco
Huatulco
Huatulco , centered on the town of La Crucecita, is a tourist development in Mexico. It is located on the Pacific coast in the state of Oaxaca. Huatulco's tourism industry is centered on its nine bays thus the name Bahias de Huatulco but has since been unofficially shortened to simply Huatulco...
and eighty km east of Puerto Escondido
Puerto Escondido
Puerto Escondido is a small port and tourist center in the municipality of San Pedro Mixtepec Distrito 22 in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Prior to the 1930s, no real town existed. The bay had been used as a port intermittently to ship coffee, but there was no permanent settlement due to the lack...
. Despite tourism development since the 1960s, the town is still mostly a fishing village, located on a small bay surrounding by rocky hills that lead into the Sierra Madre del Sur
Sierra Madre del Sur
The Sierra Madre del Sur is a mountain range in southern Mexico, extending from southern Michoacán east through Guerrero, to the Istmo de Tehuantepec in eastern Oaxaca.-Geography:...
. It was founded in the mid 19th century as a port for the region’s coffee and lumber industries but since then other means of shipping these products has replaced it.
History
The community was founded in the 1850s when, through the efforts of Benito JuárezBenito Juárez
Benito Juárez born Benito Pablo Juárez García, was a Mexican lawyer and politician of Zapotec origin from Oaxaca who served five terms as president of Mexico: 1858–1861 as interim, 1861–1865, 1865–1867, 1867–1871 and 1871–1872...
, the government built a wharf. At that time, this was a very isolated part of the country and the port was designed to help the area develop its coffee and lumber industries, by giving it a means to ship these products to other parts of the country. The port reached its height by 1870 and was the busiest port in the state of Oaxaca. However, after this time several developments lead to the port’s decline. A rail connection and road connected Salinas Cruz to the capital and it emerged as a port. Also federal sponsorship of the wharf faded after Juárez’s death.
In the 1960s, tourists began to take interest in this part of Oaxaca’s coastline. Highway 175, which has been only a dirt trail, was paved. Highway 200, which links most of Mexico’s Pacific coast towns was built in the 1970s and 1980s, connecting Puerto Angel with more popular beach destinations to the north. Gradually, small hotels were built to accommodate tourists.
Hurricane Pauline
Hurricane Pauline
Hurricane Pauline was one of the strongest and deadliest Pacific hurricanes to make landfall on Mexico. The sixteenth tropical storm, eighth hurricane, and seventh major hurricane of the 1997 Pacific hurricane season, Pauline developed out of a tropical wave on October 5 about 250 miles ...
made landfall at Puerto Angel on 8 October 1997. Damage to this town and many other coastal areas of Oaxaca was extensive.
The pier that was initially built in the 19th century was refurbished in 1999; however, it is too high to accommodate the fishing boats that use the harbor.
In 2009, an unusually large number of pelican
Pelican
A pelican, derived from the Greek word πελεκυς pelekys is a large water bird with a large throat pouch, belonging to the bird family Pelecanidae....
s migrated to the area due to colder than normal temperatures farther north. Many of these pelicans were accidentally drowned by fishermen’s’ nets or run over by boats as they tried to get to the trapped fish. The fishermen asked for help from the government to figure out what to do to avoid these pelican deaths as most claim to have affinity for the birds and many even have a pelican as a family pet.
The town
The community of Puerto Angel sits on a small horseshoe shaped bay. From where ocean meets land, there is only a couple of hundred meters of flat land before the terrain steeply rises into rocky hills that lead to the Sierra Madre del Sur. Much of this flat land is dedicated to the main road, which runs parallel to the main beach or Playa Principal. On the east side of the bay is the town wharf, but most fishing boats are run directly onto the beach itself. Fruit laden papayaPapaya
The papaya , papaw, or pawpaw is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, the sole species in the genus Carica of the plant family Caricaceae...
trees and bougainvillea
Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea is a genus of flowering plants native to South America from Brazil west to Peru and south to southern Argentina . Different authors accept between four and 18 species in the genus...
are abundant on the hillsides; palm trees populate the beach. The climate is generally warm and moist. In winter, the temperatures are cooler, but the vegetation is relatively brown due to the dry season. The summers are hot and muggy, with afternoon or evening rains and abundant green foliage.
Fishing is still the economic base of this small community of 2,440 with tourism coming second. While the main road, Boulevard Vigilio Uribe is fully paved, many others are not and encountering wandering farm animals is not uncommon. The town’s center is marked by a small plaza adjoining a pier at the intersection of Vigilio Uribe and Vasconcelos. The smell of rotting fish innards and the processing of fish is distinct. There is a small naval installation located on the west side of the bay. Puerto Angel is several times larger than the nearby ocean communities of Mazunte or Zipolite and has a steady stream of traffic on its streets. The town has essential services such as police doctor, pharmacies, Internet and basic markets. A couple of ATMs exist but banking is best done in the nearby city of Pochutla.
Like other parts of the “Riviera Oaxaqueña,” Puerto Angel is popular with Mexican families and tourists looking for a relaxing atmosphere. The town fills during Easter Week, a popular time for vacationing in Mexico. There is limited nightlife and no loud discos. Accommodations here are basic without hot showers and air conditioning; however, as mosquitoes are active here, especially at night, most places provide mosquito netting. Hotels in the main part of town are not on the beach itself due to its commercial nature but rather on the hillsides. A number of beachside hotels exist at Playa Panteón.
Most places to eat in the town are impromptu food stands and pricy beachside restaurants serving seafood and pasta. Chicken and meat dishes are available but most specialties focus on seafood. Fresh fish, especially tuna, is served here, served as a salad stuffed into an avocado or batter-fried tuna and fish prepared Veracruz style with a sauce of tomatoes, olives and onions. Other seafood available includes ocean perch, swordfish, shark, lobster, octopus and oysters, with are commonly served fried.
Boats are available for hire for deep sea fishing or to tour the isolated beaches located just east of the bay. Most of these outfits rent equipment for fishing and snorkeling.
Each year in October, the port holds the festival called “Santos Angeles Custodios” (Holy Guardian Angels). The event begins with a festive church service and includes cultural events. The highlights are the crowning of the Queen and Princess of the Festival and the parade of boats that have been decorated for the occasion. Each boat takes off from the pier decorated and filled with passengers who ride for free as it makes a circle around the bay. The boats are judged for creativity and originality. Other festivals held here include Navy Day on 1 June, Fisherman’s Day on 5 August and Culture Week during the second week of December.
Transportation
The Puerto Angel region is separated from the rest of Oaxaca and Mexico by the Sierra Madre del Sur. The only highway from here to Oaxaca City, Highway 175 is extremely winding. The distance is only about 240 km but the trip takes between six and seven hours. Almost all bus transportation from other parts of Mexico stop in Pochutla, where it is necessary to transfer to other means to get to Puerto Angel. It is possible to fly into Puerto Escondido or Huatulco from Mexico City or Oaxaca City then travel by road to Puerto Angel.In 2008, President Felipe Calderón
Felipe Calderón
Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa is the current President of Mexico. He assumed office on December 1, 2006, and was elected for a single six-year term through 2012...
announced the Oaxaca city- Coast Highway Project to link the state capital to Puerto Escondido and Huatulco
Huatulco
Huatulco , centered on the town of La Crucecita, is a tourist development in Mexico. It is located on the Pacific coast in the state of Oaxaca. Huatulco's tourism industry is centered on its nine bays thus the name Bahias de Huatulco but has since been unofficially shortened to simply Huatulco...
with more modern highways. With the new highways, it is predicted that the trip to coast towns like Puerto Angel will decrease from seven or eight hours to about two or three hours. The project began in 2008 and is scheduled to be completed in 2010.
Public transportation between the coastal towns is usually in the form of pick up trucks that have been outfitted to carry passengers but these tend to travel only as far as Zipolite and not Puerto Angel. To get to the other coastal towns it is necessary to take a taxi, which can be done collectively with other passengers. Between Puerto Angel and the city of Pochutla, there collective taxis and pickup truck “buses.” All forms of transportation pass along the main road of town.
Beaches and waters
The town of Puerto Angel sits on a small horseshoe bay whose entrance is protected by craggy outcropping of rock. This protects the two beaches within the bay from strong ocean currents, which are common on other beaches along this coast, and make this area safe for swimming. The waters here are clear with various shades of green and blue. There is a wide diversity of marine flora and fauna including three of Mexico’s seven species of marine turtles, the hawksbill turtleHawksbill turtle
The hawksbill sea turtle is a critically endangered sea turtle belonging to the family Cheloniidae. It is the only extant species in its genus. The species has a worldwide distribution, with Atlantic and Pacific subspecies. E. imbricata imbricata is the Atlantic subspecies, while E...
, prieta turtle and Olive Ridley turtle. The harbor is filled with fishing boats, with fishermen working onshore to mend their bright yellow and red fishing nets. Large gray heron
Heron
The herons are long-legged freshwater and coastal birds in the family Ardeidae. There are 64 recognised species in this family. Some are called "egrets" or "bitterns" instead of "heron"....
s dive into the shallow waters searching for fish, while white egret
Egret
An egret is any of several herons, most of which are white or buff, and several of which develop fine plumes during the breeding season. Many egrets are members of the genera Egretta or Ardea which contain other species named as herons rather than egrets...
s and seagulls perch on the rocks above the surf.
Playa Principal (Main Beach) and Playa Panteón (Cemetery Beach) cover most of the edge of the Puerto Angel Bay. Playa Principal (also known as Playa del Muelle) is not recommended for swimming near the wharf which has a lot of fishing boat traffic. This wharf is busiest in the mornings when fishing boats arrive with their catches. Tuna is the most common fish but also red snapper
Red Snapper
Red Snapper may refer to:Fish:* Several species from the genus Lutjanus, for example the red snapper .* Several species from the genus Sebastes, for example the vermilion rockfish and yelloweye rockfish Red Snapper may refer to:Fish:* Several species from the genus Lutjanus, for example the red...
, shark, bonito
Bonito
Bonito is a name given to various species of medium-sized, predatory fish in the Scombridae family. First, bonito most commonly refers to species in the genus Sarda, including the Atlantic bonito and the Pacific bonito ; second, in Japanese cuisine, bonito refers to the skipjack tuna , which, in...
, sailfish
Sailfish
'Sailfish' are two species of fish in the genus Istiophorus, living in warmer sections of all the oceans of the world. They are predominately blue to gray in color and have a characteristic erectile dorsal fin known as a sail, which often stretches the entire length of the back...
, lobster, conch, octopus and other seafood is caught. Tuna and lobster is most plentiful during times when the water temperature is cooler. The pier is built to too high for fishing boats, but there is good fishing off the main pier, with many catching fish the size of speckled trout but the shape of tuna. It is also a popular meeting place at dusk and dawn.
Playa Principal is connected to the bay’s other beach by a stone walkway that goes over the rocky cliff that divides the two. It is called the “andador.” Waves crash on the boulders below the walkway and can spray seawater onto the path at high tide. After crossing the andador, one arrives to Playa Panteón, which translates to “Cemetery Beach.” This beach is named for the community cemetery that lies just behind it. The sand is less fine, but it is a little more sheltered than Playa Principal and is popular for snorkeling around the rocks. This beach is lined with restaurants and lounge chairs and have lifeguards, which is not common in Mexico.
In addition to the two beaches in the bay proper, there are a number of small isolated coves with beaches just to the east of Puerto Angel. These include Playa Ixtacahuite, Playa La Mina, Playa La Boquilla and Playa La Tijera. Ixtacahuite Beach is best for scuba diving and recreational fishing because it is next to a coral reef. La Boquilla Beach is on a small shallow bay and is best for snorkeling. It can be reached by road with a rugged vehicle but is easier to arrive by boat from Puerto Angel. There is a restaurant that's open during the high season seasons.
Off the coast of Puerto Angel in open ocean is a large, well developed coral reef area. This reef occupies a small ocean plateau that is 15 to 20 meters below the surface and about fifty to one hundred meters from the closest land. One of the most commonly found species is the black coral (Pocillopora damicornis) Large corals are rare and mostly found at the bottom of the reefs. Six other species of coral were found including Pocillopora capitata, Pocillopora meandrina
Pocillopora meandrina
Pocillopora meandrina, common name cauliflower coral, is a species of coral occurring in the East Pacific and the Indo-West Pacific. This coral lives in shallow reef environments.-Description:...
, Pocillopora verrucosa, Pavona gigantea, Porites panamensis and an undescribed species noted as Pocillopora sp. Colonies of Porites panamensis were extremely scarce, encrusting, and appeared only at depths of less than three meters. The agaricid Pavona gigantea was rare, but it developed some large colonies with over one meter of height, especially on rocky zones and at depths from three to five meters. The undescribed species has no branches but develops colonies with completely flat upper surfaces. The colonies are developed in layers with each physically separate from the rest. There is evidence off a massive die-off of coral and recolonization, but it is not known what caused the coral to die.
Nearby attractions
Near Puerto Angel there are a number of other ocean side communities and other attractions. To the west are ZipoliteZipolite
Playa Zipolite is a beach community located in San Pedro Pochutla municipality on the southern coast of Oaxaca state in Mexico. It is located between Huatulco and Puerto Escondido and is part of the “Riviera Oaxaqueña” area. Zipolite is best known as being one of Mexico’s very few nude beaches and...
, San Agustinillo
San Agustinillo
San Agustinillo consists of a small fishing village and a stretch of beach at a place with the Sierra Madre del Sur meets the Pacific Ocean in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. It is located in the municipality of Santa María Tonameca just east of the coastal communities of Mazunte and La Ventanilla,...
, Mazunte
Mazunte
Mazunte is a small beach town on the Pacific coast in Oaxaca, Mexico. Mazunte is located 22 km southeast of San Pedro Pochutla on coastal Highway 200. Mazunte is located some 10 km to the west of Puerto Angel and just about 1 km from San Agustinillo and 264 km south of the...
and La Ventanilla
La Ventanilla, Oaxaca
La Ventanilla is a small village on a beach and lagoon in the municipality of Santa María Tonameca, Oaxaca, Mexico. It is best known as an ecotourism center based on its natural resources. It is located on the Costa Chica section of Oaxaca, just west of Mazunte...
. Zipolite is a popular tourist beach famous for allowing nudity. San Agustinillo is a small beach area divided into three sections and Mazunte is home to Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga (Mexican Turtle Center) . La Ventanilla has nearly virgin beaches facing open ocean but is best known for its lagoon in which visitors can see crocodiles, turtles and numerous birds in its mangroves. Slightly inland is the El Paraíso fresh water spring and the Los Reyes waterfalls at Chacalapa.