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Pro-Indonesia militias (also pro-Indonesian militias) were East Timor
East Timor

East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste is a country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro Island and Jaco , and Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor....
ese paramilitary militia groups that formed to show loyalty to the Indonesia
Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
n government during the movement for East Timorese independence in the late 1990s. Many believed that the independence movement would be unsuccessful, and that those loyal to Indonesia would be rewarded when they regained control of the area. Most of the worst acts of the period, including the Liquiçá Church Massacre
Liquiçá Church Massacre

The Liqui?? Church Massacre was an atrocity that occurred in the war torn country of East Timor, in April, 1999. It was the first case to be heard by the Second Special Panel....
, were committed by these East Timorese groups, albeit often with support of the Indonesian military.






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Pro-Indonesia militias (also pro-Indonesian militias) were East Timor
East Timor

East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste is a country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro Island and Jaco , and Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor....
ese paramilitary militia groups that formed to show loyalty to the Indonesia
Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
n government during the movement for East Timorese independence in the late 1990s. Many believed that the independence movement would be unsuccessful, and that those loyal to Indonesia would be rewarded when they regained control of the area. Most of the worst acts of the period, including the Liquiçá Church Massacre
Liquiçá Church Massacre

The Liqui?? Church Massacre was an atrocity that occurred in the war torn country of East Timor, in April, 1999. It was the first case to be heard by the Second Special Panel....
, were committed by these East Timorese groups, albeit often with support of the Indonesian military. Eurico Guterres
Eurico Guterres

Eurico Barros Gomes Guterres is a pro-Indonesian or anti-independence militia terrorist recruited by the Indonesian military. He was involved in several massacres in East Timor, and a chief militia leader during the post-independence massacre and Timor-Leste Scorched Earth of the capital Dili....
 was the most famous member of these groups.

Fictional representations of these groups, their members, actions and atrocities were shown in the 2006 Australian Miniseries Answered by Fire
Answered by Fire

Answered by Fire is a two-part mini-series based on the 1999 East Timor conflicts that led to East Timor's independence. It stars David Wenham, Isabelle Blais, and Alex Tilman....


Militia groups included Aitarak
Aitarak

Aitarak was the name of one of the most feared pro-Indonesia militia groups in East Timor during the late 1990s. On April 17, 1999, the group conducted 12 murders at the Manuel Carrascal?o House Massacre in Dili....
, Besi Merah Putih
Besi Merah Putih

Besi Merah Putih , meaning 'Flag of Indonesia iron' in Indonesian language, is the official name of a pro-Indonesia militia operating in the district of Liqui?? , and originating in the village of Maubara....
, Laksaur
Laksaur

Laksaur was one of the pro-Indonesia militias which committed atrocities around the time of the referendum for independence in 1999 in East Timor....
, and Mahidi.