President of Romania

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President of Romania

The President of Romania is the head of state

Head of State

Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchic or republican nation-state, federation, commonwealth or any other political state....
of Romania

Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
. The President is directly elected by a two-round system

Two-round system

The two-round system is a voting system used to elect a single winner. Under runoff voting, the voter simply casts a single vote for their favorite candidate....
for a five-year term (since 2004, after the Constitution

Constitution of Romania

The 1991 Constitution of Romania is the fundamental law that establishes the structure of the government of Romania, the rights and obligations of the country's citizens, and its mode of passing laws....
was modified in 2003). He or she can serve two terms. During his term in office, the President must not be a member of any political party.

The current President of Romania is Traian Basescu since 20 December 2004. On 20 April 2007 he was suspended from office.

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Encyclopedia

The President of Romania is the head of state

Head of State

Romania

Two-round system

Constitution of Romania

Suspension

If the incumbent President severely violates the Constitution

Constitution of Romania

Parliament of Romania

The Parliament of Romania is made up of two chambers:*The Chamber of Deputies of Romania*The Senate of RomaniaPrior to the modifications of the Romanian Constitution in 2003, the two houses had identical attributes....
in joint session. If the suspension motion passes, there is a call for a referendum of dismissal within no more than 30 days from the suspension.

If the Senate

Senate of Romania

The Senate of Romania is the upper house in Romania's bicameral Parliament of Romania. It has 137 seats , to which members are elected by direct popular vote, using Mixed member proportional representation in 42 electoral districts , to serve four-year terms....
and Chamber of Deputies

Chamber of Deputies of Romania

The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house in Romania's bicameral Parliament of Romania. It has 315 seats, to which Chamber of Deputies are elected by direct popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms....
, in joint session, accuses the President of high treason

High treason

High treason is criminal disloyalty to one's country. Participating in a war against one's country, attempting to overthrow its government, spying on its military, its diplomats, or its secret services for a hostile and foreign power, or attempting to kill its head of state are perhaps the best-known examples of high treason....
, he or she is suspended from office by right. The accusations are judged by the High Court of Cassation and Justice. The incumbent President is dismissed by right if he or she is found guilty of high treason

High treason

High treason is criminal disloyalty to one's country. Participating in a war against one's country, attempting to overthrow its government, spying on its military, its diplomats, or its secret services for a hostile and foreign power, or attempting to kill its head of state are perhaps the best-known examples of high treason....
.

The first President to be suspended was Traian Basescu, on 20 April 2007. He re-assumed the office on 23 May 2007, after the Referendum

Romanian presidential impeachment referendum, 2007

The Romanian presidential impeachment referendum of 2007 was conducted in order to determine whether the president of Romania Traian Basescu should be forced to step down....
held on 19 May 2007.

Succession

If the office of President becomes vacant due to resignation or death, or the incumbent president is suspended from office, the first to replace him or her as Ad Interim President of Romania is the President of the Senate

President of the Senate of Romania

The President of the Senate of Romania is the senator elected to preside over the Senate meetings. He is also the president of the Standing Bureau of the Senate, and the second leader of the State....
. If he or she is unable or unwilling to do so, the next person in line is the President of the Chamber of Deputies

President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania

The President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania is the deputy elected to preside over the meetings in the lower chamber of the Romanian Parliament....
. Neither one loses relinquishes their position as President of their respective Legislative House. An Ad Interim President cannot address the Parliament

Parliament of Romania

List of Presidents of Romania (1947-Present)

Peoples Republic Romania (1947-1965) Socialist Republic of Romania (1965-1989)

Chairman of the Presidium of the Romanian People's Republic

Name	Term start	Term end	Political Party
Constantin Parhon	30 December 1947	13 April 1948	Romanian Communist Party Romanian Communist Party The Romanian Communist Party was a Communist Party in Romania. Successor to the Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to communist revolution and the disestablishment of Greater Romania....

Chairman of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly

Name	Term start	Term end	Political Party
Constantin Parhon	13 April 1948	2 June 1952	Romanian Workers' Party
Petru Groza Petru Groza Petru Groza was a Romanian politician, best known as the Prime Minister of Romania of the first Romanian Communist Party-dominated governments under Soviet Union Soviet occupation of Romania during the early stages of the Communist Romania in Romania....	3 June 1952	7 January 1958	Romanian Workers' Party
Mihail Sadoveanu Mihail Sadoveanu Mihail Sadoveanu was a Romanian novelist, short story writer, journalist and political figure, who twice served as President of Romania under the Communist Romania .... (acting)	7 January 1958	11 January 1958	Romanian Workers' Party
+ Anton Moisescu (acting)	7 January 1958	11 January 1958	Romanian Workers' Party
Ion Gheorghe Maurer Ion Gheorghe Maurer Ion Gheorghe Iosif Maurer was a Romanian Communism politician and lawyer....	11 January 1958	21 March 1961	Romanian Workers' Party

Presidents of the Council of State

Name	Term start	Term end	Political Party
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej was the Communism leader of Romania from 1948 until his death in 1965....	21 March 1961	19 March 1965	Romanian Workers' Party
Ion Gheorghe Maurer (acting)	19 March 1965	24 March 1965	Romanian Workers' Party
+ Stefan Voitec Stefan Voitec Stefan Voitec was a Romanian Socialism and Communism journalist, politician, and statesman of Communist Romania.... (acting)	19 March 1965	24 March 1965	Romanian Workers' Party
+ Avram Bunaciu (acting)	19 March 1965	24 March 1965	Romanian Workers' Party
Chivu Stoica Chivu Stoica Chivu Stoica was a leading Romanian Communism politician.Stoica was born in Smeeni, Buzau County, the sixth child of a ploughman. At age 12 he left home, and started working as an apprentice at Caile Ferate Rom?ne, the state railway corporation....	24 March 1965	9 December 1967	Romanian Workers' Party (until 1965), Romanian Communist Party (since 1965)
Nicolae Ceausescu Nicolae Ceausescu Nicolae Ceausescu was the Secretary General of the Romanian Workers' Party, later the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 until 1989, President of the Council of State from 1967 and President of Romania from 1974 until 1989....	9 December 1967	28 March 1974	Romanian Communist Party

President

Name	Term start	Term end	Political Party
Nicolae Ceausescu	28 March 1974	22 December 1989 (deposed in Romanian Revolution)	Romanian Communist Party

Romania
Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
(1989-Present)

The title is "President of Romania" . Article 84 of the Romanian Constitution

Constitution of Romania

Name	Term start	Term end
Council of the National Salvation Front National Salvation Front The National Salvation Front was the governing body of Romania in the first weeks after the Romanian Revolution of 1989, subsequently turned into a political party....	22 December 1989	26 December 1989
Ion Iliescu Ion Iliescu Ion Iliescu is a Romanian politician. He joined the Communist Party in 1953, and became a member of the Central Committee in 1965, serving in various positions until Nicolae Ceausescu was overthrown in 1989.... (1st time) (President of the Council of the National Salvation Front until 13 February 1990; President of the Provisional National Unity Council from 13 February 1990)	26 December 1989	20 June 1990
Ion Iliescu (2nd time)	20 June 1990	11 October 1992
Ion Iliescu (3rd time)	11 October 1992	29 November 1996
Emil Constantinescu Emil Constantinescu Emil Constantinescu was President of Romania of Romania from 1996 to 2000.He graduated from the law school of the University of Bucharest, and subsequently started a career as a geologist....	29 November 1996	20 December 2000
Ion Iliescu (4th time)	20 December 2000	20 December 2004
Traian Basescu Traian Basescu Traian Basescu is a Romanian politician and former Merchant Navy officer. He is the current President of Romania, after winning the office in the Romanian presidential election, 2004, and being inaugurated on December 20, 2004....	20 December 2004	19 April 2007 (suspended)
Nicolae Vacaroiu Nicolae Vacaroiu Nicolae Vacaroiu is a Romanian politician, member of the Social Democratic Party , who served as Prime Minister of Romania between 1992 and 1996.... (ad interim)	20 April 2007	23 May 2007
Traian Basescu	23 May 2007 (resumed office)	Present

President of Romania

Suspension

Succession

List of Presidents of Romania (1947-Present)

Peoples Republic Romania (1947-1965) Socialist Republic of Romania (1965-1989)

Chairman of the Presidium of the Romanian People's Republic

Chairman of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly

Presidents of the Council of State

President

RomaniaRomaniaRomania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea.... (1989-Present)

External links

Romania
Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
(1989-Present)