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The praetorian prefecture of the East or of Oriens (Latin: praefectura praetorio Orientis, ) was one of four large praetorian prefecture
Praetorian prefecture

The praetorian prefectures were the largest administrative divisions of the late Roman Empire, above the mid-level Roman diocese and the low-level provinces....
s into which the Late Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 was divided. As it comprised the larger part of the Eastern Roman Empire, and its seat was at Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
, the praetorian prefect was the second most powerful man in the East, after the Emperor, often serving as his first minister.

Prefecture was established after the death of Constantine the Great in 337, when the empire was split up among his sons and Constantius II
Constantius II

Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
 received the rule of the East, with a praetorian prefect
Praetorian prefect

Praetorian prefect was the constant title of a high office in the Roman Empire state that changed fundamentally in nature.The praetorian prefect was commander of the Praetorian Guard until Constantine I abolished the guard in 314....
 as his chief aide.






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The praetorian prefecture of the East or of Oriens (Latin: praefectura praetorio Orientis, ) was one of four large praetorian prefecture
Praetorian prefecture

The praetorian prefectures were the largest administrative divisions of the late Roman Empire, above the mid-level Roman diocese and the low-level provinces....
s into which the Late Roman Empire
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 was divided. As it comprised the larger part of the Eastern Roman Empire, and its seat was at Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
, the praetorian prefect was the second most powerful man in the East, after the Emperor, often serving as his first minister.

Structure

The Prefecture was established after the death of Constantine the Great in 337, when the empire was split up among his sons and Constantius II
Constantius II

Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II was a Roman Emperor of the Constantinian dynasty....
 received the rule of the East, with a praetorian prefect
Praetorian prefect

Praetorian prefect was the constant title of a high office in the Roman Empire state that changed fundamentally in nature.The praetorian prefect was commander of the Praetorian Guard until Constantine I abolished the guard in 314....
 as his chief aide. The part alloted to Constantius encompassed four (later five) dioceses
Roman diocese

A Roman or civil diocese was one of the administrative divisions of the later Roman Empire, starting with the Tetrarchy. It formed the intermediate level of government, grouping several Roman provinces and being in turn subordinated to a praetorian prefecture....
, each in turn comprising several provinces
Roman province

In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and until the Tetrarchy , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside of the Italia ....
. The authority of the prefecture stretched from the Eastern Balkans
Balkans

The Balkans is the historical name of a geographic subregion of southeastern Europe. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains, which run through the centre of Bulgaria into eastern Serbia....
, grouped into the Diocese of Thrace
Diocese of Thrace

The Diocese of Thrace was a Roman diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of the eastern Balkans . The diocese was established after the reforms of Diocletian, and was subordinate to the Praetorian prefecture of the East....
, to Asia Minor, divided into the dioceses of Asiana
Diocese of Asia

The Diocese of Asia was a Roman diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of western Asia Minor and the islands of the eastern Aegean Sea....
 and Pontus
Diocese of Pontus

The Diocese of Pontus was a Roman diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of northern and northeastern Asia Minor up to the border with the Sassanid Empire....
, and the Middle East, with the dioceses of Oriens
Diocese of the East

The Diocese of the East was a Roman diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of the western Middle East, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia....
 and Egypt
Diocese of Egypt

The Diocese of Egypt was a Roman diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of Egypt and Cyrenaica. Its capital was at Alexandria, and its governor had the unique title of Praefectus Augustalis instead of the ordinary "vicarius"....
.

List of known praefecti praetorio Orientis

  • Maternus Cynegius (ca. 316)
  • Flavius Philippus (344-351)
  • Sallustius (361-363)
  • Domitius Modestus (369-377)
  • Flavius Eutolmius Tatianus (388-392)
  • Flavius Rufinus
    Rufinus (Byzantine official)

    Flavius Rufinus was a fourth century Byzantine Empire statesman of Gaulish extraction who served as the Praetorian Prefect for the emperors Theodosius I and Arcadius....
     (392-395)
  • Flavius Caesarius (1st time, 395-397)
  • Flavius Eutychianus (1st time, 397-399)
  • Aurelianus (1st time, 399)
  • Flavius Eutychianus (2nd time, 399-400)
  • Flavius Caesarius (2nd time, 400-403)
  • Flavius Eutychianus (3rd time, 404-405)
  • Flavius Anthemius
    Anthemius (praetorian prefect)

    Flavius Anthemius was a high-ranking official of the late Roman Empire. He is notable as a Praetorian prefecture of the East and effective regent of the Eastern Roman Empire during the later reign of Arcadius and the first years of Theodosius II, as well as for the construction of the first set of the famous Walls of Constantinople#The Theodo...
     (405-414)
  • Flavius Monaxius (1st time, 414)
  • Aurelianus (2nd time, 414-416)
  • Flavius Monaxius (2nd time, 416-420)
  • Flavius Eustathius (420-422)
  • Asclepiodotus (423-425)
  • Aetius (425)
  • Hierius (1st time, 425-428)
  • Flavius Florentius (1st time, 428-430)
  • Antiochus (430-431)
  • Rufinus (431-432)
  • Hierius (2nd time, 432)
  • Flavius Taurus (1st time, 433-434)
  • Flavius Anthemius Isidorus (435-436)
  • Darius (436-437)
  • Flavius Florentius (2nd time, ca. 438-439)
  • Flavius Taurus Seleucus Cyrus
    Cyrus of Panopolis

    Flavius Taurus Seleucus Cyrus, better know as Cyrus of Panopolis , was a senior East Roman Empire official, an epic poet, philosopher and a lover of Greek arts....
     (439-441)
  • Thomas (442)
  • Apollonius (442-443)
  • Zoilus (444)
  • Hermocrates (444)
  • Flavius Taurus (2nd time, 445)
  • Flavius Constantinus (447)
  • Antiochus (448)
  • Flavius Florentius Romanus Protogenes (448-449)
  • Hormisdas (449-450)
  • Palladius (450-455)
  • Flavius Constantinus (456 & 459)
  • Flavius Vivianus (459-460)
  • Amasius (ca. 469)
  • Matronianus (491)
  • Hierius (494-496)
  • Euphemius (496)
  • Polycarpus (498)
  • Constantine (1st time, 502)
  • Appion (503)
  • Leontius (503-504)
  • Constantine (2nd time, 505)
  • Eustathius (505-506)
  • Zoticus (511-512)
  • Marinus (1st time, ca. 512)
  • Sergius (517)
  • Marinus (2nd time, 519)
  • Demosthenes (520-524)
  • Archelaus (524-527)
  • Basilides (ca. 527)
  • Atarbius (ca. 528)
  • Iulianus (530-531)
  • John the Cappadocian
    John the Cappadocian

    A different John the Cappadocian was List of Patriarchs of Constantinople from 518-520. See John of Cappadocia.John the Cappadocian was a praetorian prefect in the Byzantine Empire under Emperor Justinian I....
     (1st time, 531-532)
  • Phokas (533)
  • John the Cappadocian
    John the Cappadocian

    A different John the Cappadocian was List of Patriarchs of Constantinople from 518-520. See John of Cappadocia.John the Cappadocian was a praetorian prefect in the Byzantine Empire under Emperor Justinian I....
     (2nd time, 533-541)
  • Flavius Comitas Theodorus Bassus (ca. 541) as John's deputy
  • Flavius Comitas Theodorus Bassus (ca. 548)
  • Addaeus (ca. 551)
  • Hephaestus (551-552)
  • Areobindus (ca. 553)
  • Diomedes (ca. 572)
  • Georgius (ca. 598)
  • Constantinus Lardys (ca. 602)


Sources

  • The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
    Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire

    Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire is a set of three volumes collectively describing every person attested or claimed to have lived in the Roman Empire from AD 260 to 641....
     (PLRE), Vols. I-III: (Vol. II, pp. 1250-1252;)