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Powdery mildew
 
 
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Powdery mildew is a fungal
Fungus

A fungus is a Eukaryote organism that is a member of the Kingdom Fungi . The fungi are a monophyletic group, also called the Eumycota , that is phylogeny distinct from the morphologically similar slime molds and water molds ....
 disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of fungi in the order Erysiphales
Erysiphales

Erysiphales are an Order of ascomycete fungi. The order contains one family, Erysiphaceae. Many of them cause plant diseases called powdery mildew....
. It is one of the easier diseases to spot, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powder-like spots on the leaves and stems. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any part of the plant that shows above the ground.






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Powdery mildew is a fungal
Fungus

A fungus is a Eukaryote organism that is a member of the Kingdom Fungi . The fungi are a monophyletic group, also called the Eumycota , that is phylogeny distinct from the morphologically similar slime molds and water molds ....
 disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of fungi in the order Erysiphales
Erysiphales

Erysiphales are an Order of ascomycete fungi. The order contains one family, Erysiphaceae. Many of them cause plant diseases called powdery mildew....
. It is one of the easier diseases to spot, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powder-like spots on the leaves and stems. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any part of the plant that shows above the ground. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger and thicker as massive numbers of spore
Spore

In biology, a spore is a reproduction structure that is adapted for biological dispersal and surviving for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions....
s form, and the mildew spreads up and down the length of the plant.

Powdery mildews of various plants


Powdery mildew of grape
Uncinulanecatorongrapes
Erysiphe necator
Uncinula necator

Uncinula necatorsyn. "Erysiphe necator" is a fungus that causes powdery mildew on grape. It is a common pathogen of grape . The fungus is believed to have originated in North America....
 (or Uncinula necator) causes powdery mildew of grapes. It produces common odors such as 1-octen-3-one and (Z)-1,5-octadien-3-one.

Powdery mildew of wheat and barley
Blumeria graminis
Blumeria graminis

Blumeria graminis is a fungus that causes powdery mildew on grasses, including cereals . It is the only species in the genus Blumeria....
, the fungus that causes powdery mildew of grasses, can persist between seasons in wheat stubble that is left in the field, or in wheat that is left to overwinter. It thrives in cool humid conditions. Controlling the disease involves eliminating those conditions as much as possible. Wheat plants should not be overcrowded in the field. This allows better air circulation among the lower parts of the plants, which lowers the humidity levels. Nitrogen
Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element that has the symbol N and atomic number 7 and atomic mass 14.00674?. Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78% by volume of Earth's atmosphere....
 fertilizer
Fertilizer

Fertilizers are chemical compounds given to plants to promote growth; they are usually applied either through the soil, for uptake by plant roots, or by foliar feeding, for uptake through leaves....
s encourage lots of leafy growth, and in farming systems that use them they should be used sparingly to control powdery mildew. Crop rotation with non-host plants is another way to keep mildew infection to a minimum. Reducing splash from contaminated soil also helps control spores. Chemical control is possible with anti-fungals such as triademefon and propiconazole
Propiconazole

Propiconazole is a triazole fungicide used agriculturally on grasses grown for seed, mushrooms, corn, wild rice, peanuts, almonds, sorghum, oats, pecans, apricots, peaches, nectarines, plums and prunes....
. Some farmers are experimenting with spraying plants with waste milk, with varying degrees of success.

Powdery mildew of onions
The fungus causing powdery mildew of onions is Leveillula taurica
Leveillula taurica

Leveillula taurica is a plant pathogen.External links *...
  (also known by its anamorph name, Oidiopsis taurica). It also attacks the artichoke
Artichoke

A globe artichoke is a partially edible perennial thistle originating in southern Europe around the Mediterranean.Artichoke may also refer to:...
.

Reproduction

Powdery mildew reproduces through cleistothecium, a type of ascocarp
Ascocarp

An ascocarp, or ascoma , is the fruiting body of an ascomycete fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and may contain millions of ascus, each of which contains typically eight ascospores....
, which release asci
ASCI

ASCI or Asci may refer to:* Asci, the plural of Ascus, in fungal anatomy* Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative* American Society for Clinical Investigation...
 containing fungal spores.

See also

  • Erysiphales
    Erysiphales

    Erysiphales are an Order of ascomycete fungi. The order contains one family, Erysiphaceae. Many of them cause plant diseases called powdery mildew....
  • Oidium (genus)
    Oidium (genus)

    Oidium is a genus of Deuteromycetes, where traditionally most anamorphs of the order Erysiphales are included. Most of them are plant pathogens causing different forms of powdery mildew, for example:...
  • Powdery mildew (barley)
    Powdery mildew (barley)

    Powdery mildew is a fungal disease of barley caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. The disease has a worldwide distribution and is most damaging in cool, wet climates....


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