Potyviridae
Encyclopedia
The Potyviridae are a family
of plant virus
es. They are flexuous filamentous rod-shaped particles. Their genome is composed of positive-sense RNA which is surrounded by a protein coat made up of a single viral encoded protein called a capsid
. All induce the formation of virus inclusion bodies called cylindrical inclusions (‘pinwheels’) in their hosts. These are composed of a single protein (70 kDa) made in their hosts from a single viral genome product.
Based on the amino acid sequences of their coat proteins, the Potyiviridea are now divided into six genera. All but the Bymovirus genus are single stranded particles. The six genera are:
The largest genus in the Family Potyviridea is the potyviruses. There are more than 100 known species in this genus. These viruses are 720-850 nm in length and are transmitted by aphids. They can also be easily transmitted by mechanical means.
The species in the genus Macluravirus are 650-675 nm in length and are also transmitted by aphids.
The plant viruses in the genus Ipomovirus are transmitted by whiteflies and they are 750-950 nm long.
Tritimovirus and the Rymovirus are 680-750 nm long and are transmitted by eriophydid mites. (The rymoviruses are closely related to the potyviruses and may eventually be merged with the potyviruses.)
The Bymovirus genome consists of two particles instead of one (275 and 550 nm) and these viruses are transmitted by the chytrid fungus, Polymyxa graminis
.
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of plant virus
Plant virus
Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses are pathogenic to higher plants...
es. They are flexuous filamentous rod-shaped particles. Their genome is composed of positive-sense RNA which is surrounded by a protein coat made up of a single viral encoded protein called a capsid
Capsid
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus. It consists of several oligomeric structural subunits made of protein called protomers. The observable 3-dimensional morphological subunits, which may or may not correspond to individual proteins, are called capsomeres. The capsid encloses the genetic...
. All induce the formation of virus inclusion bodies called cylindrical inclusions (‘pinwheels’) in their hosts. These are composed of a single protein (70 kDa) made in their hosts from a single viral genome product.
Based on the amino acid sequences of their coat proteins, the Potyiviridea are now divided into six genera. All but the Bymovirus genus are single stranded particles. The six genera are:
- Genus PotyvirusPotyvirusPotyviruses infect plants and belong to the family Potyviridae. The genus is named after the type virus - Potato Virus Y.The Potyvirus, like the Begomoviruses, have ~30% of the currently known plant viruses and have at least 180 definitive and possible members...
; type species: Potato virus YPotato virus YPotato virus Y is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae, and one of the most important plant viruses affecting potato production.... - Genus Rymovirus; type species: Ryegrass mosaic virus
- Genus Bymovirus; type species: Barley yellow mosaic virus
- Genus Macluravirus; type species: Maclura mosaic virus
- Genus Ipomovirus; type species: Sweet potato mild mottle virusSweet potato mild mottle virusSweet potato mild mottle virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae.-External links:**...
- Genus Tritimovirus; type species: Wheat streak mosaic virusWheat streak mosaic virusWheat streak mosaic virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae.-External links:**...
The largest genus in the Family Potyviridea is the potyviruses. There are more than 100 known species in this genus. These viruses are 720-850 nm in length and are transmitted by aphids. They can also be easily transmitted by mechanical means.
The species in the genus Macluravirus are 650-675 nm in length and are also transmitted by aphids.
The plant viruses in the genus Ipomovirus are transmitted by whiteflies and they are 750-950 nm long.
Tritimovirus and the Rymovirus are 680-750 nm long and are transmitted by eriophydid mites. (The rymoviruses are closely related to the potyviruses and may eventually be merged with the potyviruses.)
The Bymovirus genome consists of two particles instead of one (275 and 550 nm) and these viruses are transmitted by the chytrid fungus, Polymyxa graminis
Polymyxa graminis
Polymyxa graminis is a species of plasmodiophorid protist. It is an obligate parasite of plant roots and though itself in non-pathogenic, it is responsible for the transmission of several very important plant viruses, including barley yellow mosaic virus and soil-borne wheat mosaic virus...
.