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A pot still is a type of still
Still

A still is an apparatus used to distillation miscible or immiscible liquid mixtures by heating to selectively Boiling and then cooling to Condensation the vapor....
 used in distilling
Distillation

Distillation is a method of separation process mixtures based on differences in their Volatility in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction....
 spirits such as whisky
Whisky

Whisky or whiskey refers to a broad category of Distilled beverages that are distilled from Fermentation grain Mashing and aged in wooden casks ....
 or brandy
Brandy

Brandy is a distilled_beverage produced by Distillation wine, the wine having first been produced by Fermentation grapes. Brandy contains 36%?60% alcohol by volume and is typically taken as an after-dinner drink....
. Heat is applied directly to the pot containing the mash
Mashing

In brewing and distilling, mashing is the process of combining a mix of milled grain , known as the "grain bill", and water, known as "liquor", and heating this mixture with pauses at certain temperatures to allow the enzymes in the malt to break down the starch in the grain into sugars, typically maltose to create a malty liquid called wo...
 (e.g. for whisky
Whisky

Whisky or whiskey refers to a broad category of Distilled beverages that are distilled from Fermentation grain Mashing and aged in wooden casks ....
) or wine
Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage often made of fermentation grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients....
 (for brandy
Brandy

Brandy is a distilled_beverage produced by Distillation wine, the wine having first been produced by Fermentation grapes. Brandy contains 36%?60% alcohol by volume and is typically taken as an after-dinner drink....
). This is called a batch distillation
Batch distillation

Batch distillation refers to the use of distillation in batches, meaning that a mixture is distilled to separate it into its component fractions before the distillation still is again charged with more mixture and the process is repeated....
 (as opposed to a continuous distillation
Continuous distillation

Continuous distillation, a form of distillation, is an ongoing separation in which a mixture is continuously fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously as output streams as time passes during the operation....
).

At sea level, water boils at 100 degrees Celsius (212 °F) but alcohol boils at 78 degrees Celsius (172 °F).






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Sjb Whiskey Still
A pot still is a type of still
Still

A still is an apparatus used to distillation miscible or immiscible liquid mixtures by heating to selectively Boiling and then cooling to Condensation the vapor....
 used in distilling
Distillation

Distillation is a method of separation process mixtures based on differences in their Volatility in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction....
 spirits such as whisky
Whisky

Whisky or whiskey refers to a broad category of Distilled beverages that are distilled from Fermentation grain Mashing and aged in wooden casks ....
 or brandy
Brandy

Brandy is a distilled_beverage produced by Distillation wine, the wine having first been produced by Fermentation grapes. Brandy contains 36%?60% alcohol by volume and is typically taken as an after-dinner drink....
. Heat is applied directly to the pot containing the mash
Mashing

In brewing and distilling, mashing is the process of combining a mix of milled grain , known as the "grain bill", and water, known as "liquor", and heating this mixture with pauses at certain temperatures to allow the enzymes in the malt to break down the starch in the grain into sugars, typically maltose to create a malty liquid called wo...
 (e.g. for whisky
Whisky

Whisky or whiskey refers to a broad category of Distilled beverages that are distilled from Fermentation grain Mashing and aged in wooden casks ....
) or wine
Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage often made of fermentation grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients....
 (for brandy
Brandy

Brandy is a distilled_beverage produced by Distillation wine, the wine having first been produced by Fermentation grapes. Brandy contains 36%?60% alcohol by volume and is typically taken as an after-dinner drink....
). This is called a batch distillation
Batch distillation

Batch distillation refers to the use of distillation in batches, meaning that a mixture is distilled to separate it into its component fractions before the distillation still is again charged with more mixture and the process is repeated....
 (as opposed to a continuous distillation
Continuous distillation

Continuous distillation, a form of distillation, is an ongoing separation in which a mixture is continuously fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously as output streams as time passes during the operation....
).

At sea level, water boils at 100 degrees Celsius (212 °F) but alcohol boils at 78 degrees Celsius (172 °F). Therefore, in the distilling process, while there is still alcohol in the mash, the vapour is richer in alcohol than the liquid itself. When this vapour is condensed, the resulting liquid therefore contains more alcohol. In the pot still, the alcohol
Ethanol

Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol, or drinking alcohol, is a volatility , flammable, colorless liquid....
 and water vapour, combined with vapours of the multitude of aroma components such as esters, alcohols that give the mash or wine its aroma, evaporate and flow from the still through the condensing coil. There they condense to the first distillation liquid, the so-called 'low wines', with a strength of about 25-35% alcohol by volume, which then flows into a second still below. It is then distilled a second time to produce the colourless spirit, collected at about 70% alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume

File:Absinthe ABV.jpgAlcohol by volume is a standard measure of how much alcohol is contained in an alcoholic beverage . The abv standard is used worldwide....
. Maturation in an oak aging barrel
Aging barrel

An aging barrel is a barrel used to age wine or Distilled beverages such as whiskey, brandy, or rum.When a wine or whiskey/whisky ages in a barrel, small amounts of oxygen are introduced as the barrel lets some air in ....
 typically causes the brown color to develop over time.

The modern pot still is a descendant of the alembic
Alembic

An alembic is an alchemy still consisting of two retorts connected by a tube. Technically, the alembic is only the upper part , while the lower part is the cucurbit, but the word was often used to refer to the entire distillation apparatus....
, a distillation
Distillation

Distillation is a method of separation process mixtures based on differences in their Volatility in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction....
 device invented by the Arabian alchemist
Alchemy and chemistry in Islam

Alchemy and chemistry in Islam refers to the study of both traditional alchemy and early practical chemistry by Islamic science in the Islamic Golden Age....
, Jabir ibn Hayyan
Geber

Geber is the Latinized form of "Jabir", with the full name of Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan , a prominent Muslim polymath: a Alchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam, Astronomy in medieval Islam and Islamic astrology, Inventions of the Islamic Golden Age, Geography in medieval Islam#Geology, mineralogy, and paleontology, Early Islamic philo...
 (Geber), around the eighth century AD, for use in alchemy
Alchemy

Alchemy , a part of the Occult Tradition, is both a philosophy and a practice with an aim of achieving ultimate wisdom as well as immortality, involving the improvement of the alchemist as well as the making of several substances described as possessing unusual properties....
.

The largest pot still in the world is in the Old Midleton Distillery, County Cork
County Cork

County Cork is the most southerly and the largest of the modern counties of Republic of Ireland. Cork is nicknamed "The Rebel County", as a result of the support of the townsmen of Cork in 1491 for Perkin Warbeck, a pretender to the throne of England during the Wars of the Roses....
 Ireland. It has a capacity of 31,618 gallons (approximately 140,000 litres). It is no longer in use however.

See also


  • Pure pot still whiskey
    Pure pot still whiskey

    Pure pot still whiskey is a type of whisky traditionally made from a mixture of malted and unmalted barley distilled in a pot still. It is unique to Ireland....
  • Poitín
    Poitín

    Poit?n or Poteen is a traditional Ireland distillation, highly Ethanol Distilled beverage . Poit?n was traditionally distilled in a small pot still and the term is a diminutive of the Irish language word pota, meaning "pot"....