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Adrian II (also known as Hadrian II), (792–872), pope
Pope

The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church and head of state of Vatican City. The current pope is Pope Benedict XVI, who was elected April 19, 2005 in Papal conclave, 2005....
 from December 14, 867 to December 14, 872, was a member of a noble Roman family, and became pope in 867, at an advanced age.

He maintained, but with less energy, the attitude of his predecessor Nicholas I
Pope Nicholas I

Pope Nicholas I, , or Nicholas the Great, reigned from April 24, 858 until his death. He is remembered as a consolidator of papal authority and power, exerting decisive influence upon the historical development of the papacy and its position among the Christian nations of Western Europe, and is considered a saint....
. Lothar II
Lothair II of Lotharingia

Lothair II , was the second son of Emperor Lothair I and Ermengarde of Tours. He was married to Teutberga, daughter of Boso the ElderUpon his father's death in 855, he received as his kingdom a territory west of the Rhine stretching from the North Sea to the Jura mountains....
, king of Lotharingia
Lotharingia

Lotharingia or Duchy of Lorraine was a short-lived kingdom in western Europe, the aggregate of territories belonging to Lothair, King of Lotharingia , who received it in 855 from his Carolingian father, Lothair I , Carolingian Empire....
, who died in 869 leaving Adrian to mediate between the Frankish
Franks

The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
 kings with a view to assuring to the Emperor, Louis II
Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor

Louis II the Younger was the King of Italy from 844 and then Holy Roman Emperor from 855 until his death.He was the eldest son of the Emperor Lothair I and Ermengarde of Tours....
, the heritage of Lothar II, Louis's brother.

Photius, the Patriarch of Constantinople
Patriarch of Constantinople

The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is the Archbishop of Constantinople ? New Rome ? ranking as primus inter pares in the Eastern Orthodox Church organization, which is seen by followers as the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church....
, shortly after the council in which he had pronounced sentence of deposition against Pope Nicholas I
Pope Nicholas I

Pope Nicholas I, , or Nicholas the Great, reigned from April 24, 858 until his death. He is remembered as a consolidator of papal authority and power, exerting decisive influence upon the historical development of the papacy and its position among the Christian nations of Western Europe, and is considered a saint....
, was driven from the patriarchate by a new emperor, Basil the Macedonian
Basil I

Basil I, called the Macedonian was a Byzantine Empire. He was perceived by Byzantines as one of their greatest emperors, the founder of one the most splendid imperial dynasties of Byzantium, the Macedonian dynasty , and the initiator of a Macedonian Renaissance of Byzantine art....
, who favoured his rival Ignatius
Patriarch Ignatius

Ignatius , a cleric of Greeks descent, was de-facto the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia in 1605-1606. He is not counted in the number of legitimate Patriarchs of Moscow by the Russian Orthodox Church....
.






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Adrian II (also known as Hadrian II), (792–872), pope
Pope

The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church and head of state of Vatican City. The current pope is Pope Benedict XVI, who was elected April 19, 2005 in Papal conclave, 2005....
 from December 14, 867 to December 14, 872, was a member of a noble Roman family, and became pope in 867, at an advanced age.

He maintained, but with less energy, the attitude of his predecessor Nicholas I
Pope Nicholas I

Pope Nicholas I, , or Nicholas the Great, reigned from April 24, 858 until his death. He is remembered as a consolidator of papal authority and power, exerting decisive influence upon the historical development of the papacy and its position among the Christian nations of Western Europe, and is considered a saint....
. Lothar II
Lothair II of Lotharingia

Lothair II , was the second son of Emperor Lothair I and Ermengarde of Tours. He was married to Teutberga, daughter of Boso the ElderUpon his father's death in 855, he received as his kingdom a territory west of the Rhine stretching from the North Sea to the Jura mountains....
, king of Lotharingia
Lotharingia

Lotharingia or Duchy of Lorraine was a short-lived kingdom in western Europe, the aggregate of territories belonging to Lothair, King of Lotharingia , who received it in 855 from his Carolingian father, Lothair I , Carolingian Empire....
, who died in 869 leaving Adrian to mediate between the Frankish
Franks

The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
 kings with a view to assuring to the Emperor, Louis II
Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor

Louis II the Younger was the King of Italy from 844 and then Holy Roman Emperor from 855 until his death.He was the eldest son of the Emperor Lothair I and Ermengarde of Tours....
, the heritage of Lothar II, Louis's brother.

Photius, the Patriarch of Constantinople
Patriarch of Constantinople

The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is the Archbishop of Constantinople ? New Rome ? ranking as primus inter pares in the Eastern Orthodox Church organization, which is seen by followers as the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church....
, shortly after the council in which he had pronounced sentence of deposition against Pope Nicholas I
Pope Nicholas I

Pope Nicholas I, , or Nicholas the Great, reigned from April 24, 858 until his death. He is remembered as a consolidator of papal authority and power, exerting decisive influence upon the historical development of the papacy and its position among the Christian nations of Western Europe, and is considered a saint....
, was driven from the patriarchate by a new emperor, Basil the Macedonian
Basil I

Basil I, called the Macedonian was a Byzantine Empire. He was perceived by Byzantines as one of their greatest emperors, the founder of one the most splendid imperial dynasties of Byzantium, the Macedonian dynasty , and the initiator of a Macedonian Renaissance of Byzantine art....
, who favoured his rival Ignatius
Patriarch Ignatius

Ignatius , a cleric of Greeks descent, was de-facto the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia in 1605-1606. He is not counted in the number of legitimate Patriarchs of Moscow by the Russian Orthodox Church....
. An ecumenical council (called by the Latins the 8th Ecumenical Council) was convoked as the Fourth Council of Constantinople
Fourth Council of Constantinople

The Fourth Council of Constantinople of 879-880 is the Eighth Ecumenical Council for Eastern Orthodox Christians. Photios I of Constantinople, a noble layman, had been appointed Patriarch of Constantinople but deposed by a Fourth Council of Constantinople called in 869 by Emperor Basil I the Macedonian and Pope Adrian II....
 to decide this matter. At this council Adrian was represented by legates, who presided at the condemnation of Photius as a heretic, but did not succeed in coming to an understanding with Ignatius on the subject of the jurisdiction over the Bulgarian church
Bulgarian Orthodox Church

The Bulgarian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church with some 6.5 million members in the Republic of Bulgaria and between 1.5 and 2.0 million members in a number of European countries, the Americas and Australia....
.

Like his predecessor Nicholas I, Adrian was forced to submit, in temporal affairs, to the interference of the emperor, Louis II, who placed him under the surveillance of Arsenius, bishop of Orte
Orte

Orte is a comune in the province of Viterbo, in the Italian region Latium Lazio, located about 60 km north of Rome and about 24 km east of Viterbo....
, his confidential adviser, and Arsenius's nephew Anastasius
Anastasius Bibliothecarius

Anastasius Bibliothecarius was a librarian and supposed antipope of the Roman Catholic Church....
, the librarian.

Adrian had in his youth married a woman named Stephania, by whom he had a daughter, and both were still living at his election, following which they lived with him in the Lateran Palace. They were carried off and assassinated by Anastasius's brother, Eleutherius.

Adrian died in 872 after exactly 5 years as pope.

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