All Topics  
Polish Constitution of 1935

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Polish Constitution of 1935
 
 
  Topics Polish Constitution of 1935 Topic Home

The April Constitution of Poland
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 ( or Konstytucja kwietniowa) was the general law
Constitution

A constitution is a system for government — often codified as a written document — that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity....
 passed by the act of the Polish Sejm
Sejm

The Sejm is the lower house of the Poland parliament.Before the 20th century, the term "Sejm" referred to the entire three-Chambers of parliament Polish parliament, comprising the lower house , the upper house and the monarch....
 on April 23, 1935. It introduced in Poland a presidential system
Presidential system

A presidential system is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides separately from the legislature, to which it is not wikt:accountable and which cannot, in normal circumstances, wikt:dismiss it....
 with certain elements of authoritarianism
Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism describes a form of government characterized by an emphasis on the authority of the state in a republic or union. It is a political system controlled by nonelected rulers who usually permit some degree of individual freedom....
.

It was accepted in violation of the earlier March Constitution of 1921 and the Rules of the Parliament, and as such it was questioned by most of the opposition to the rule of Sanacja
Sanacja

Sanacja was a coalition political movement in the interbellum Second Polish Republic. It was created in 1926 by J?zef Pilsudski as a broad movement to support the "moral sanation" of the Polish body politic before and after the May Coup d'Etat that brought Pilsudski to virtually dictatorial power....
.

It is commonly believed that the constitution was tailored after the comments by Józef Pilsudski
Józef Pilsudski

]]In 1892 Pilsudski returned from exile. In 1893 he joined the Polish Socialist Party and helped organize its Lithuanian branch. Initially he sided with the Socialists' more radical wing, but despite the socialist movement's ostensible internationalism he remained a Polish nationalist....
, who was thought of as the future president of Poland.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Polish Constitution of 1935'
Start a new discussion about 'Polish Constitution of 1935'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


The April Constitution of Poland
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 ( or Konstytucja kwietniowa) was the general law
Constitution

A constitution is a system for government — often codified as a written document — that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity....
 passed by the act of the Polish Sejm
Sejm

The Sejm is the lower house of the Poland parliament.Before the 20th century, the term "Sejm" referred to the entire three-Chambers of parliament Polish parliament, comprising the lower house , the upper house and the monarch....
 on April 23, 1935. It introduced in Poland a presidential system
Presidential system

A presidential system is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides separately from the legislature, to which it is not wikt:accountable and which cannot, in normal circumstances, wikt:dismiss it....
 with certain elements of authoritarianism
Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism describes a form of government characterized by an emphasis on the authority of the state in a republic or union. It is a political system controlled by nonelected rulers who usually permit some degree of individual freedom....
.

It was accepted in violation of the earlier March Constitution of 1921 and the Rules of the Parliament, and as such it was questioned by most of the opposition to the rule of Sanacja
Sanacja

Sanacja was a coalition political movement in the interbellum Second Polish Republic. It was created in 1926 by J?zef Pilsudski as a broad movement to support the "moral sanation" of the Polish body politic before and after the May Coup d'Etat that brought Pilsudski to virtually dictatorial power....
.

It is commonly believed that the constitution was tailored after the comments by Józef Pilsudski
Józef Pilsudski

]]In 1892 Pilsudski returned from exile. In 1893 he joined the Polish Socialist Party and helped organize its Lithuanian branch. Initially he sided with the Socialists' more radical wing, but despite the socialist movement's ostensible internationalism he remained a Polish nationalist....
, who was thought of as the future president of Poland. However, Pilsudski died soon after the constitution was passed and the office was held by Ignacy Moscicki
Ignacy Moscicki

Ignacy Moscicki was a Poland politician and chemist, List of Presidents of Poland . As of 2008 he remained the longest-serving President in country, spending 13 years in office ....
.

The act introduced the idea that the state is a common good
Common good

The common good is a term that can refer to several different concepts. In the popular meaning, the common good describes a specific "Goodness and value theory" that is shared and beneficial for all members of a given community....
 of all the citizens. It also limited the powers of the Sejm and Senat
Senate of Poland

The Senate is the upper house of the Poland parliament. It consists of 100 senators elected by universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate ....
 while strengthening the authority of the President of Poland. The President was responsible for choosing the members of the government
Government

Government is the body within any organization that has the authority to make and the power to enforce laws, regulations, or rules. Typically, the government refers to a civil government -- local, provincial, or national -- but commercial, academic, religious, or other formal organizations are also administered by governing bodies....
, which in turn was responsible to the parliament. He also had a right to dismiss the parliament before the end of term, to name one third of the Senators, the commander-in-chief
Commander-in-Chief

A commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function....
 of the Polish Army and the General Inspector of the Armed Forces. He also had a right to issue decree
Decree

A decree is an order made by a head of state or head of government and having the force of law. The particular term used for this concept may vary from country to country — the Executive order s made by the president of the United States, for example, are decrees....
s and veto
Veto

A veto, Latin for "I forbid", is used to denote that a certain party has the right to stop unilaterally a piece of legislation. In practice, the veto can be absolute or limited ...
 the acts passed by the Sejm non-constructively.

Among the most notable features of the new constitution was the president's right to name his successor in case of war. This was used as the legal base for the existence of the Polish Government in Exile
Polish government in Exile

File:Herb Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej .pngThe Polish Government in exile was the government of Poland after History of Poland at the start of World War II ....
 during and after the World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
. The constitution was officially abolished in 1944 by the Soviet-backed
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 communist authorities of Poland, who officially returned to the March Constitution, while introducing many laws based on the stalinist
Stalinism

File:Joseph Stalin.jpgStalinism is a term that purportedly describes the political system of the Soviet Union under the leadership of Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union from 1929?1953....
 system.

External links

at the Adam Mickiewicz University website