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The term Polish–Lithuanian Union sometimes called as United Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania refers to a series of acts and alliances between the Kingdom of Poland
Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)

The Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons was the Poland state created by the accession of Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to the Polish throne in 1386....
 and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was an Eastern and Central European state from the 12th /13th century until the 18th century. It was founded by Lithuanians, at the time one of the Lithuanian mythology Baltic tribes, whose initial lands covered Auk?taitija, the eastern part of present day Lithuania....
 that lasted for prolonged periods of time and led to the creation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth—the "Republic of the Two Nations"—in 1569 and eventually to the creation of a short-lived unitary state in 1791.

The most important acts in the process of union were:










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The term Polish–Lithuanian Union sometimes called as United Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania refers to a series of acts and alliances between the Kingdom of Poland
Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)

The Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons was the Poland state created by the accession of Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to the Polish throne in 1386....
 and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was an Eastern and Central European state from the 12th /13th century until the 18th century. It was founded by Lithuanians, at the time one of the Lithuanian mythology Baltic tribes, whose initial lands covered Auk?taitija, the eastern part of present day Lithuania....
 that lasted for prolonged periods of time and led to the creation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth—the "Republic of the Two Nations"—in 1569 and eventually to the creation of a short-lived unitary state in 1791.

The most important acts in the process of union were:

  • 1385 – Union of Krewo
    Union of Krewo

    The Union of Krewo, also known as Kreva Act was a set of promises of Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania for marriage between him and the underage reigning Queen Jadwiga of Poland....
    — a personal union
    Personal union

    A personal union is the combination by which two or more different states are governed by the same monarch, while their boundaries, their laws and their interests remain distinct....
     that brought Grand Duke of Lithuania Jogaila
    Jogaila

    Jogaila, later Wladyslaw II Jagiello , was Grand Duchy of Lithuania and King of Poland. He ruled in Lithuania from 1377, at first with his uncle, Kestutis....
     to Polish
    Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)

    The Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons was the Poland state created by the accession of Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to the Polish throne in 1386....
     throne;
  • 1401 – Union of Vilnius and Radom reassured sovereignty of Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania

    The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was an Eastern and Central European state from the 12th /13th century until the 18th century. It was founded by Lithuanians, at the time one of the Lithuanian mythology Baltic tribes, whose initial lands covered Auk?taitija, the eastern part of present day Lithuania....
    ;
  • 1413 – Union of Horodlo
    Union of Horodlo

    The Pact of Horodlo or Union of Horodlo was a set of acts introduced in the town of Horodlo in 1413. It amended the earlier Polish-Lithuanian Unions of Union of Krewo and Union of Vilnius and Radom was another step to recognise Lithuanian nobility as equal in the union between two sovereign states, ruled separately by elected monarch....
     - heraldic union, that granted many szlachta
    Szlachta

    Szlachta refers to the nobility social class in the Kingdom of Poland , the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the increasingly polonized territories under their control ....
     rights to Lithuanian nobility;
  • 1432 (1432–34) – Union of Grodno
    Union of Grodno

    The Pact of Grodno or Union of Grodno of 1432 was one of the acts of the Polish?Lithuanian Union. It was passed in Hrodna to reinforce the union between the two states that had gradually devolved into merely a personal union....
     a declarative attempt to renew closer union;
  • 1499 – Union of Kraków and Vilnius personal union
    Personal union

    A personal union is the combination by which two or more different states are governed by the same monarch, while their boundaries, their laws and their interests remain distinct....
     turns to dynastic union
    Dynastic union

    A dynastic union is the combination by which two different states are governed by the same monarch or dynasty, while their boundaries, their laws and their interests remain distinct....
    , recognises sovereignty of Lithuania and sescribes interation between two states;
  • 1501 – Union of Mielnik
    Union of Mielnik

    The Act of Mielnik or Union of Mielnik was an attempt to revive the Polish?Lithuanian union. It was not ratified by the Seimas of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, convoked in Grodno, nor by the Polish Sejm in 1504 ....
     - personal union
    Personal union

    A personal union is the combination by which two or more different states are governed by the same monarch, while their boundaries, their laws and their interests remain distinct....
     renewed;
  • July 1, 1569 – Union of Lublin
    Union of Lublin

    The Union of Lublin replaced the personal union of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with a real union and an elective monarchy, since Sigismund II Augustus, the last of the Jagiellons, remained childless after three marriages....
     — a real union
    Real Unión

    Real Uni?n Club de Ir?n is a Spain football club, based in the city of Ir?n, in the Basque Country , near the border with France. It currently plays in Segunda Divisi?n B, holding home matches at the 5,000 seater Stadium Gal....
     that resulted in creation of the semi-federal
    Federation

    A federation is a Political union comprising a number of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central government. In a federation, the self-governing status of the state is typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a Unilateralism decision of the central government....
    , semi-confedederal
    Confederation

    Usually created by treaty but often later adopting a common constitution, confederations tend to be established for dealing with critical issues such as defense , foreign affairs, or a common currency, with the central government being required to provide support for all members....
     Republic of the Two Nations; and
  • May 3, 1791 – Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791: the Kingdom of Poland
    Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)

    The Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons was the Poland state created by the accession of Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to the Polish throne in 1386....
     and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania

    The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was an Eastern and Central European state from the 12th /13th century until the 18th century. It was founded by Lithuanians, at the time one of the Lithuanian mythology Baltic tribes, whose initial lands covered Auk?taitija, the eastern part of present day Lithuania....
     were abolished, and a common state was created in their place. The changes were modified with the Reciprocal Guarantee of Two Nations that stressed the continuity of bi-national status of the state, and were reversed completely in 1792 under pressure of Russian Empire
    Russian Empire

    File:Russian Emperor Flag.jpgFile:Romanov Flag.svgThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917....
     forces.


See also


  • Lithuanian–Swedish union
  • Polish–Swedish union
    Polish-Swedish union

    [Image:Martin Kober 001.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Sigismund III Vasa, king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Image:Polish-Swedish CoA.PNGImage:Flaga Rzeczpospolitej Obojga Narodow.svg...
  • Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth
  • Polish-Lithuanian-Muscovite Commonwealth
    Polish-Lithuanian-Muscovite Commonwealth

    The Polish?Lithuanian?Muscovite Commonwealth was a proposed state to have been based on a personal union between the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russian Empire....