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Plutonic theory is the geologic theory
Theory

For a more detailed account of theories as expressed in formal language as they are studied in mathematical logic see Theory A theory, in the general sense of the word, is an analytic structure designed to explain a set of observations....
 proposed by James Hutton
James Hutton

James Hutton Doctor of Medicine was a Scotland geologist, physician, Natural history, chemist and experimental Agriculture. He is considered the father of modern geology....
 around the turn of the 19th century that volcanic activity
Volcano

A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or Crust , which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface....
 was the source of rocks on the surface of the Earth. It was named for Pluto, the ancient Roman
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 god of the underworld. This replaced Abraham Werner's
Abraham Gottlob Werner

Abraham Gottlob Werner , was a Germany geologist who set out a now obsolete theory about the stratigraphy of the Earth's crust and coined the now obsolete word Neptunism....
 Neptunism theory
Neptunism

Neptunism is a discredited and obsolete scientific theory of geology proposed by Abraham Werner in the late 18th century that proposed Rock s formed from the crystallisation of minerals in the early Earth's oceans....
, which claimed that rocks had originated from a great flood
Flood

A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land, a deluge. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide....
 and were basically sedimentary
Sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rock is one of the three main Rock types . Sedimentary rock is formed by deposition and consolidation of mineral and organic material and from precipitation of minerals from solution....
 in origin.

Both Plutonism and Neptunism were somewhat extreme positions.






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Plutonic theory is the geologic theory
Theory

For a more detailed account of theories as expressed in formal language as they are studied in mathematical logic see Theory A theory, in the general sense of the word, is an analytic structure designed to explain a set of observations....
 proposed by James Hutton
James Hutton

James Hutton Doctor of Medicine was a Scotland geologist, physician, Natural history, chemist and experimental Agriculture. He is considered the father of modern geology....
 around the turn of the 19th century that volcanic activity
Volcano

A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or Crust , which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface....
 was the source of rocks on the surface of the Earth. It was named for Pluto, the ancient Roman
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 god of the underworld. This replaced Abraham Werner's
Abraham Gottlob Werner

Abraham Gottlob Werner , was a Germany geologist who set out a now obsolete theory about the stratigraphy of the Earth's crust and coined the now obsolete word Neptunism....
 Neptunism theory
Neptunism

Neptunism is a discredited and obsolete scientific theory of geology proposed by Abraham Werner in the late 18th century that proposed Rock s formed from the crystallisation of minerals in the early Earth's oceans....
, which claimed that rocks had originated from a great flood
Flood

A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land, a deluge. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide....
 and were basically sedimentary
Sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rock is one of the three main Rock types . Sedimentary rock is formed by deposition and consolidation of mineral and organic material and from precipitation of minerals from solution....
 in origin.

Both Plutonism and Neptunism were somewhat extreme positions. Today, rocks and minerals of the surface are considered to be of both igneous
Igneous rock

Igneous rock is one of the three main Rock types . Igneous rock is formed by magma being cooled and becoming solid . They may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as Intrusion rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks....
 and sedimentary
Sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rock is one of the three main Rock types . Sedimentary rock is formed by deposition and consolidation of mineral and organic material and from precipitation of minerals from solution....
, as well as metamorphic
Metamorphic rock

Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of an existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form"....
 origin.