All Topics  
Plant propagation

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Plant propagation
 
 
  Topics Plant propagation Topic Home

Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plant
Plant

Plants are Life organisms belonging to the Kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae....
s.

Sexual propagation (seed)
Seed
Seed

A seed is a small Plant embryogenesis plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat, usually with some Food storage. It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant....
s and spore
Spore

In biology, a spore is a reproduction structure that is adapted for biological dispersal and surviving for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions....
s can be used for reproduction (through eg sowing
Sowing

Sowing is the process of planting seeds.However, before sowing, good quality seeds should be selected to produce a high yield....
). Seeds are typically produced from sexual
Plant sexuality

Plant sexuality covers the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. This article describes Morphology aspects of sexual reproduction of plants....
 reproduction within a species, since genetic recombination
Genetic recombination

Genetic recombination is the process by which a strand of genetic material is broken and then joined to a different DNA molecule. In eukaryotes recombination commonly occurs during meiosis as chromosomal crossover between paired chromosomes....
 has occurred plants grown from seed may have different characteristics to its parents. Some species produce seed that requires special conditions to germinate
Germination

Germination is the process whereby growth emerges from a period of dormancy. The most common example of germination is the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an flowering plant or gymnosperm....
 like cold treatment
Stratification (botany)

In horticulture, stratification is the process of pretreating seeds to simulate natural conditions that a seed must endure before germination. Many seed species have what is called an embryonic dormancy and generally speaking will not sprout until this dormancy is broken....
.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Plant propagation'
Start a new discussion about 'Plant propagation'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plant
Plant

Plants are Life organisms belonging to the Kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae....
s.

Sexual propagation (seed)


Seed
Seed

A seed is a small Plant embryogenesis plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat, usually with some Food storage. It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant....
s and spore
Spore

In biology, a spore is a reproduction structure that is adapted for biological dispersal and surviving for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions....
s can be used for reproduction (through eg sowing
Sowing

Sowing is the process of planting seeds.However, before sowing, good quality seeds should be selected to produce a high yield....
). Seeds are typically produced from sexual
Plant sexuality

Plant sexuality covers the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. This article describes Morphology aspects of sexual reproduction of plants....
 reproduction within a species, since genetic recombination
Genetic recombination

Genetic recombination is the process by which a strand of genetic material is broken and then joined to a different DNA molecule. In eukaryotes recombination commonly occurs during meiosis as chromosomal crossover between paired chromosomes....
 has occurred plants grown from seed may have different characteristics to its parents. Some species produce seed that requires special conditions to germinate
Germination

Germination is the process whereby growth emerges from a period of dormancy. The most common example of germination is the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an flowering plant or gymnosperm....
 like cold treatment
Stratification (botany)

In horticulture, stratification is the process of pretreating seeds to simulate natural conditions that a seed must endure before germination. Many seed species have what is called an embryonic dormancy and generally speaking will not sprout until this dormancy is broken....
. The seed of many Australian plants and plants from southern Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
 and the American
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 west require smoke or fire to germinate. Some plant species, including many tree
TREE

TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
s do not produce seed until they reach maturity, which may take many years. Seed can be difficult to acquire and some plants do not produce seed at all.

Asexual propagation

Plants have a number of mechanisms for asexual or vegetative reproduction
Vegetative reproduction

Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction for plants, and is also called vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication, or vegetative cloning....
. Some of these have been taken advantage of by horticulturists
Horticulture

'Horticulture' is the industry and science of plant cultivation. Horticulturists work and conduct research in the disciplines of plant propagation and cultivation, Crop , plant breeding and genetic engineering, plant biochemistry, and plant physiology....
 and gardeners to multiply or clone
Cloning

Cloning in biology is the process of producing populations of genetically-identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce Asexual Reproduction....
 plants rapidly. People also use methods that plants do not use, such as tissue culture
Tissue culture

Tissue culture is the growth of biological tissue and/or cell separate from the organism. This is typically facilitated via use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium, such as broth or agar....
 and grafting. Plants are produced using material from a single parent and as such there is no exchange of genetic material, therefore vegetative propagation methods almost always produce plants that are identical to the parent. Vegetative reproduction uses vegetative plants parts or roots, stems and leaves. Therefore, propagation via asexual seeds or apomixis
Apomixis

In botany, apomixis is asexual reproduction, without fertilization. In plants with independent gametophytes , apomixis refers to the formation of sporophytes by parthenogenesis of gametophyte cells....
 is asexual reproduction but not vegetative propagation.

Techniques for vegetative propagation include:
  • Air or ground layering
    Layering

    Layering is a means of plant propagation in which a portion of an aerial Plant stem grow roots while still attached to the parent plant and then detaches as an independent plant....
  • Division
    Division (horticulture)

    Division, in horticulture and gardening, is a method of asexual reproduction plant propagation, where the plant is broken up into two or more parts....
  • Grafting
    Grafting

    Grafting is a method of asexual plant propagation widely used in agriculture and horticulture where the tissues of one plant are encouraged to fuse with those of another....
     and bud grafting
    Budding

    Budding is the formation of a new organism by the protrusion of part of another organism. This is very common in plants and fungi, but may be found in some animals as well, such as the Hydra ....
    , widely used in fruit tree propagation
    Fruit tree propagation

    Fruit tree propagation is usually carried out through asexual reproduction by grafting or budding the desired variety onto a suitable rootstock....
  • Micropropagation
    Micropropagation

    Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of Progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods....
  • Stolon
    Stolon

    Stolons are horizontal plant stems which grow at the soil surface or below ground. They form new plants at the ends or at the Node s. Stolons are often called runners....
    s or runners
  • Storage organ
    Storage organ

    A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores....
    s such as bulb
    Bulb

    A bulb is an underground vertical shoot that has modified leaf that are used as food storage organs by a dormancy plant.A bulb's leaf bases generally do not support leaves, but contain food reserves to enable the plant to survive adverse conditions....
    s, corm
    Corm

    A corm is a short, vertical, swollen underground plant Plant stem that serves as a storage organ used by some plants to survive winter or other adverse conditions such as summer drought and heat ....
    s, tuber
    Tuber

    Tubers are various types of modified plant structures that are enlarged to store nutrients. They are used by plants to overwinter and regrow the next year and as a means of asexual reproduction....
    s and rhizome
    Rhizome

    In botany, a rhizome is a characteristically horizontal plant stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes....
    s
  • Striking or cuttings
  • Twin-scaling
    Twin-scaling

    Twin-scaling is a method of plant propagation plant bulbs that have a basal plate, such as:* Hippeastrum, Narcissus , Galanthus and other members of the Amaryllidaceae;...


See also

  • Adventitious
    Adventitious

    Adventitious, in botany, refers to structures that develop in an unusual place, and in medicine, it refers to conditions acquired after birth. This article discusses adventitious roots, buds and shoots, which are very common in vascular plants....
  • Clonal colony
    Clonal colony

    A clonal colony or genet is a group of genetically identical individuals that have grown in a given location, all originating vegetative reproduction from a single ancestor....
  • Fruit tree propagation
    Fruit tree propagation

    Fruit tree propagation is usually carried out through asexual reproduction by grafting or budding the desired variety onto a suitable rootstock....
  • Recalcitrant seed
    Recalcitrant seed

    Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex-situ conservation. Moreover, these seeds cannot resist the effects of drying or temperatures less than 10? C thus they cannot be stored for long periods like Orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability....


Bibliography External links