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In anatomy
Anatomy

Anatomy is a branch of biology that is the consideration of the body plan. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy and plant anatomy ....
 of animal
Animal

Animals are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the Kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life....
s, the piriform cortex, or pyriform cortex is a region in the brain
Brain

The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as cnidarian and echinoderm have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all....
. The piriform cortex is part of the rhinencephalon
Rhinencephalon

In animal anatomy, the rhinencephalon is a part of the brain involved with olfaction.Some references classify other areas of the brain related to perception of smell as rhinencephalon, but the areas of human brains that receive fibers strictly from the olfactory bulb are limited to those of the paleopallium....
 situated in the telencephalon
Telencephalon

The cerebrum or telencephalon, together with the diencephalon, constitute the forebrain. It is the most anterior or, especially in humans, most superior region of the vertebrate central nervous system....
.

The function of the piriform cortex relates to olfaction
Olfaction

Olfaction refers to the sense of smell. This sense is mediated by specialized sensory cells of the nasal cavity of vertebrates, and, by analogy, sensory cells of the antennae of invertebrates....
, which is the perception of smell
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
s. Sometimes called the olfactory cortex, olfactory lobe or paleopallium, piriform cortical regions are present in the brains of amphibians, reptile
Reptile

Reptiles, or members of the class Reptilia, are air-breathing, cold-blooded vertebrates that have skin covered in scale as opposed to hair or feathers....
s and mammal
Mammal

Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals whose name is derived from their distinctive feature, mammary glands, with which they feed their young....
s.

The piriform cortex is among three areas that emerge in the telencephalon
Telencephalon

The cerebrum or telencephalon, together with the diencephalon, constitute the forebrain. It is the most anterior or, especially in humans, most superior region of the vertebrate central nervous system....
 of amphibians, situated caudally to a dorsal area, which is caudal to a hippocampal area.






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In anatomy
Anatomy

Anatomy is a branch of biology that is the consideration of the body plan. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy and plant anatomy ....
 of animal
Animal

Animals are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the Kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life....
s, the piriform cortex, or pyriform cortex is a region in the brain
Brain

The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as cnidarian and echinoderm have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all....
. The piriform cortex is part of the rhinencephalon
Rhinencephalon

In animal anatomy, the rhinencephalon is a part of the brain involved with olfaction.Some references classify other areas of the brain related to perception of smell as rhinencephalon, but the areas of human brains that receive fibers strictly from the olfactory bulb are limited to those of the paleopallium....
 situated in the telencephalon
Telencephalon

The cerebrum or telencephalon, together with the diencephalon, constitute the forebrain. It is the most anterior or, especially in humans, most superior region of the vertebrate central nervous system....
.

The function of the piriform cortex relates to olfaction
Olfaction

Olfaction refers to the sense of smell. This sense is mediated by specialized sensory cells of the nasal cavity of vertebrates, and, by analogy, sensory cells of the antennae of invertebrates....
, which is the perception of smell
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction....
s. Sometimes called the olfactory cortex, olfactory lobe or paleopallium, piriform cortical regions are present in the brains of amphibians, reptile
Reptile

Reptiles, or members of the class Reptilia, are air-breathing, cold-blooded vertebrates that have skin covered in scale as opposed to hair or feathers....
s and mammal
Mammal

Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals whose name is derived from their distinctive feature, mammary glands, with which they feed their young....
s.

The piriform cortex is among three areas that emerge in the telencephalon
Telencephalon

The cerebrum or telencephalon, together with the diencephalon, constitute the forebrain. It is the most anterior or, especially in humans, most superior region of the vertebrate central nervous system....
 of amphibians, situated caudally to a dorsal area, which is caudal to a hippocampal area. Farther along the phylogenic timeline, the telencephalic bulb of reptiles as viewed in a cross section of the transverse plane extends with the archipallial
Archipallium

In anatomy of animals, the archipallium is the oldest region of the brain pallium .The archipallium is often considered contiguous with the piriform cortex, but the extent of the archipallium varies among species....
 hippocampus folding toward the midline and down as the dorsal area begins to form a recognizable cortex.

As mammallian cerebrums developed, volume of the dorsal cortex increased in slightly greater proportion, as compared proportionally with increased overall brain volume, until it enveloped the hippocampal
Hippocampus

The hippocampus is a brain structure located inside the medial temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex, and therefore is part of the telencephalon ....
 regions. Recognized as neopallium or neocortex
Neocortex

The neocortex is a part of the brain of mammals. It is the outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres, and made up of six layers, labelled I to VI ....
, enlarged dorsal areas envelop the paleopallial
Paleopallium

In anatomy of animal, the paleopallium is a region within the telencephalon in the brain.It is a primitive and evolutionarily ancient region of the brain, first appearing in amphibians....
 piriform cortex in human
Human

A human being, also human or man, is a member of a species of bipedalism primates in the family Hominidae . Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates that modern humans originated in east Africa about 200,000 years ago....
s and Old World monkey
Old World monkey

The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a group of primates, falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade Catarrhini....
s.

Among taxonomic groupings
Scientific classification

Biological classification or scientific classification in biology, is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms....
 of mammals, the piriform cortex and the olfactory bulb
Olfactory bulb

The olfactory bulb is a structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the perception of odors....
 become proportionally smaller in the brains of phylogenically younger species. The piriform cortex occupies a greater proportion of the overall brain and of the telencephalic brains of insectivore
Insectivore

An insectivore is a type of carnivore with a diet that consists chiefly of insects and similar small creatures.Although individually small, insects exist in enormous numbers and make up a very large part of the animal biomass in almost all non-marine environments....
s than in primate
Primate

A primate is a member of the biological order Primates , the group that contains lemurs, the Aye-aye, Lorisidaes, galagos, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes, with the last category including humans....
s. The piriform cortex continues to occupy a consistent albeit small and declining proportion of the increasingly large telencephalon
Telencephalon

The cerebrum or telencephalon, together with the diencephalon, constitute the forebrain. It is the most anterior or, especially in humans, most superior region of the vertebrate central nervous system....
 in the most recent primate species while the volume of the olfactory bulb becomes less in proportion.

It is Brodmann Area 27
Brodmann area 27

Area 27 of Brodmann-1909 is a cytoarchitecture defined Cerebral cortex area that is a rostral part of the parahippocampal gyrus of the guenon . It is commonly regarded as a synonym of presubiculum ....
.

See also

  • Regions in the human brain
    List of regions in the human brain

    anatomy regions of the brain are listed vertically, following hierarchies that are standard in neuroanatomy. Physiology, nervous system#vertebrate nervous systems and Embryology regions are listed horizontally in parentheses where appropriate....


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