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Piperacillin

 

 
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Piperacillin
 
 
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Piperacillin is an extended spectrum beta-lactam
Beta-lactam antibiotic

?-lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that include penicillin derivatives, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, and Beta-lactamase inhibitors, that is, any antibiotic agent that contains a beta-lactam nucleus in its molecular structure....
 antibiotic
Antibiotic

In common usage, an antibiotic is a substance or compound that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics belong to the group of antimicrobial compounds used to treat infections caused by microorganisms, including fungus and protozoa....
 of the ureidopenicillin
Ureidopenicillin

File:Azlocillin skeletal.svgFile:Piperacillin.svgFile:Mezlocillin.svgThe ureidopenicillins are a group of penicillins which are active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa....
 class. It is normally used together with a beta-lactamase inhibitor
Beta-lactamase inhibitor

A beta-lactamase inhibitor is a drug given in conjunction with a beta-lactam antibiotic. Although the inhibitor does not usually have significant antibiotic activity on its own, it still plays an important role by disabling or slowing down the action of beta-lactamase which would normally be a mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lact...
 such as tazobactam
Tazobactam

Tazobactam is a compound which inhibits the action of bacterial beta-lactamases. It is added to the Beta-lactam antibiotic antibiotic piperacillin to produce Tazocin or Zosyn....
, which is commercially available as TAZOMED(NEOMED)Tazocin, Zobactin or Zosyn. The combination has activity against many Gram-positive
Gram-positive

Gram-positive Bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining. This is in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria, which cannot retain the crystal violet stain, instead taking up the counterstain and appearing red or pink....
 and Gram-negative
Gram-negative

Gram-negative bacteria are those bacteria that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol. In a Gram stain test, a counterstain is added after the crystal violet, coloring all Gram-negative bacteria with a red or pink color....
 pathogens and anaerobes
Anaerobic organism

An anaerobic organism is any organism that does not require oxygen for growth and may even die in its presence....
, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium which can cause disease in animals and humans. It is found in soil, water, and most man-made environments throughout the world....
.

racillin is not absorbed orally, and must therefore be given by intravenous
Intravenous therapy

File:Infuuszakjes.jpgIntravenous therapy or IV therapy is the giving of liquid substances directly into a vein. It can be intermittent or continuous; continuous administration is called an intravenous drip....
 or intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection

Intramuscular injection is the medical injection of a substance directly into a muscle. In medicine, it is one of several alternative methods for the administration of medications ....
; piperacillin/tazobactam is administered intravenously every 6 or 8 hours; the drug may also be given by continuous infusion, but this has not been shown to be superior.

main uses are in intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine

Intensive Care Medicine or critical care medicine is a branch of medicine concerned with the provision of life support or organ support systems in patients who are critically ill and who usually require intensive monitoring....
 (pneumonia
Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an Inflammation illness of the lung. Frequently, it is described as lung parenchyma/alveolus inflammation and abnormal alveolar filling with fluid ....
, peritonitis
Peritonitis

Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum . It may be localised or generalised, generally has an acute course, and may depend on either infection or on a non-infectious process....
), some diabetes-related foot infections
Diabetic foot

Diabetic foot is an umbrella term for foot problems in patients with diabetes mellitus. Due to artery abnormalities and diabetic neuropathy, as well as a tendency to delayed wound healing, infection or gangrene of the foot is relatively common....
 and empirical therapy in febrile neutropenia
Neutropenia

Neutropenia , from Latin language prefix neutro- and Greek language suffix -pe??a is a Hematology disorder characterized by an abnormally low number of a type of white blood cell called a neutrophil....
 (e.g.






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Encyclopedia


Piperacillin is an extended spectrum beta-lactam
Beta-lactam antibiotic

?-lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that include penicillin derivatives, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, and Beta-lactamase inhibitors, that is, any antibiotic agent that contains a beta-lactam nucleus in its molecular structure....
 antibiotic
Antibiotic

In common usage, an antibiotic is a substance or compound that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics belong to the group of antimicrobial compounds used to treat infections caused by microorganisms, including fungus and protozoa....
 of the ureidopenicillin
Ureidopenicillin

File:Azlocillin skeletal.svgFile:Piperacillin.svgFile:Mezlocillin.svgThe ureidopenicillins are a group of penicillins which are active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa....
 class. It is normally used together with a beta-lactamase inhibitor
Beta-lactamase inhibitor

A beta-lactamase inhibitor is a drug given in conjunction with a beta-lactam antibiotic. Although the inhibitor does not usually have significant antibiotic activity on its own, it still plays an important role by disabling or slowing down the action of beta-lactamase which would normally be a mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lact...
 such as tazobactam
Tazobactam

Tazobactam is a compound which inhibits the action of bacterial beta-lactamases. It is added to the Beta-lactam antibiotic antibiotic piperacillin to produce Tazocin or Zosyn....
, which is commercially available as TAZOMED(NEOMED)Tazocin, Zobactin or Zosyn. The combination has activity against many Gram-positive
Gram-positive

Gram-positive Bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining. This is in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria, which cannot retain the crystal violet stain, instead taking up the counterstain and appearing red or pink....
 and Gram-negative
Gram-negative

Gram-negative bacteria are those bacteria that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol. In a Gram stain test, a counterstain is added after the crystal violet, coloring all Gram-negative bacteria with a red or pink color....
 pathogens and anaerobes
Anaerobic organism

An anaerobic organism is any organism that does not require oxygen for growth and may even die in its presence....
, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium which can cause disease in animals and humans. It is found in soil, water, and most man-made environments throughout the world....
.

Administration

Piperacillin is not absorbed orally, and must therefore be given by intravenous
Intravenous therapy

File:Infuuszakjes.jpgIntravenous therapy or IV therapy is the giving of liquid substances directly into a vein. It can be intermittent or continuous; continuous administration is called an intravenous drip....
 or intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection

Intramuscular injection is the medical injection of a substance directly into a muscle. In medicine, it is one of several alternative methods for the administration of medications ....
; piperacillin/tazobactam is administered intravenously every 6 or 8 hours; the drug may also be given by continuous infusion, but this has not been shown to be superior.

Uses

Its main uses are in intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine

Intensive Care Medicine or critical care medicine is a branch of medicine concerned with the provision of life support or organ support systems in patients who are critically ill and who usually require intensive monitoring....
 (pneumonia
Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an Inflammation illness of the lung. Frequently, it is described as lung parenchyma/alveolus inflammation and abnormal alveolar filling with fluid ....
, peritonitis
Peritonitis

Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum . It may be localised or generalised, generally has an acute course, and may depend on either infection or on a non-infectious process....
), some diabetes-related foot infections
Diabetic foot

Diabetic foot is an umbrella term for foot problems in patients with diabetes mellitus. Due to artery abnormalities and diabetic neuropathy, as well as a tendency to delayed wound healing, infection or gangrene of the foot is relatively common....
 and empirical therapy in febrile neutropenia
Neutropenia

Neutropenia , from Latin language prefix neutro- and Greek language suffix -pe??a is a Hematology disorder characterized by an abnormally low number of a type of white blood cell called a neutrophil....
 (e.g. after chemotherapy
Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy, in its most general sense, refers to treatment of disease by chemicals that kill cells, specifically those of micro-organisms or cancer....
).

Trade names and preparations

Piperacillin alone:
  • Pipracil (U.S. only)


Piperacillin/tazobactam:
  • Tazocin (UK, marketed by Wyeth
    Wyeth

    Wyeth, formerly known as American Home Products , is one of the largest pharmaceutical company in the world. The company is based in Madison, New Jersey....
    )
  • Tazocin (Japan, marketed by Toyama
    Toyama

    Toyama may refer to:* Toyama Prefecture, Japan* Toyama, Toyama, the capital city of the prefecture* Toyama, a Japanese surname** Toyama Kagemoto...
    )
  • Tazocin (New Zealand, marketed by Wyeth
    Wyeth

    Wyeth, formerly known as American Home Products , is one of the largest pharmaceutical company in the world. The company is based in Madison, New Jersey....
    )
  • Zosyn (U.S., marketed by Wyeth
    Wyeth

    Wyeth, formerly known as American Home Products , is one of the largest pharmaceutical company in the world. The company is based in Madison, New Jersey....
    )
  • Zobactin (India, marketed by GSK
    GSK

    GSK could refer to:* GlaxoSmithKline , a multinational pharmaceutical corporation* GSK-3, a protein kinase* Gurdwara Sahib Klang, a Sikh Gurdwara in the suburb of Klang...
    )


External links