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Photopic vision
 
 
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Photopic vision is the vision
Visual perception

Visual perception is the ability to interpret information from visible light reaching the eye. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight or vision....
 of the eye
Eye

Eyes are Organ that detect light, and send signals along the optic nerve to the visual system and other areas of the brain. Complex optical systems with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms, and 96% of animal species possess a complex optical system....
 under well-lit conditions. In humans and many animals, photopic vision allows color perception
Color vision

Color vision is the capacity of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit. The nervous system derives color by comparing the responses to light from the several types of Cone cell in the eye....
, mediated by cone cells.

The human eye uses three types of cones to sense light in three respective bands of color.






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Cie 1931 Luminosity
Photopic vision is the vision
Visual perception

Visual perception is the ability to interpret information from visible light reaching the eye. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight or vision....
 of the eye
Eye

Eyes are Organ that detect light, and send signals along the optic nerve to the visual system and other areas of the brain. Complex optical systems with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms, and 96% of animal species possess a complex optical system....
 under well-lit conditions. In humans and many animals, photopic vision allows color perception
Color vision

Color vision is the capacity of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit. The nervous system derives color by comparing the responses to light from the several types of Cone cell in the eye....
, mediated by cone cells.

The human eye uses three types of cones to sense light in three respective bands of color. The biological pigment
Biological pigment

Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective Absorption ....
s of the cones have maximum absorption values at wavelengths of about 420 nm (blue), 534 nm (Bluish-Green), resp. 564 nm (Yellowish-Green). Their sensitivity ranges overlap to provide vision throughout the visible spectrum
Visible spectrum

The visible spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visual perception to the human eye. Electromagnetic radiation in this range of wavelengths is called visible light or simply light....
. The maximum efficacy is 683 lumen
Lumen (unit)

The lumen is the SI unit of luminous flux, a measure of the perceived power of light. Luminous flux differs from radiant flux, the measure of the total power of light emitted, in that luminous flux is adjusted to reflect the varying sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths of light....
s/W at a wavelength of 555 nm (green).

The human eye uses scotopic vision
Scotopic vision

Scotopic vision is the monochromatic vision of the eye in low light. Since cone cells are nonfunctional in low light, scotopic vision is produced exclusively through rod cells so therefore there is no color perception....
 under low-light conditions, and mesopic vision
Mesopic vision

Mesopic vision is a combination of photopic vision and scotopic vision in low but not quite dark lighting situations.The combination of the higher total sensitivity of the rods in the eye for the blue range with the color perception through the cones results in a very strong appearance of blue-ish colors around dawn....
 in intermediate conditions.

See also

  • Candela
    Candela

    The candela is the SI base unit of luminous intensity; that is, power emitted by a light source in a particular direction, weighted by the luminosity function ....
  • Purkinje effect
    Purkinje effect

    The Purkinje effect is the tendency for the peak sensitivity of the rods of the human eye to shift toward the blue end of the color spectrum at low illumination levels....
  • Photometry
    Photometry (optics)

    Photometry is the science of measurement of light, in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye. It is distinct from radiometry, which is the science of measurement of radiant energy in terms of absolute power; rather, in photometry, the radiant power at each wavelength is weighted by a luminosity function that models human b...
  • Photosensitive ganglion cell
    Photosensitive ganglion cell

    Photosensitive ganglion cells, or melanopsin-containing ganglion cells, are a recently discovered type of nerve cell in the retina of the mammalian eye which, unlike other retinal ganglion cells, are intrinsically photosensitive....