Photon belt
Encyclopedia
The Photon Belt is a pseudo-scientific
Pseudoscience
Pseudoscience is a claim, belief, or practice which is presented as scientific, but which does not adhere to a valid scientific method, lacks supporting evidence or plausibility, cannot be reliably tested, or otherwise lacks scientific status...

 belief
Belief
Belief is the psychological state in which an individual holds a proposition or premise to be true.-Belief, knowledge and epistemology:The terms belief and knowledge are used differently in philosophy....

, largely linked to some parts of the New Age
New Age
The New Age movement is a Western spiritual movement that developed in the second half of the 20th century. Its central precepts have been described as "drawing on both Eastern and Western spiritual and metaphysical traditions and then infusing them with influences from self-help and motivational...

 Movement. It postulates that a belt or ring of photon
Photon
In physics, a photon is an elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic interaction and the basic unit of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation. It is also the force carrier for the electromagnetic force...

s is going to envelop the Earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...

, causing a cataclysm and/or initiating a spiritual
Spirituality
Spirituality can refer to an ultimate or an alleged immaterial reality; an inner path enabling a person to discover the essence of his/her being; or the “deepest values and meanings by which people live.” Spiritual practices, including meditation, prayer and contemplation, are intended to develop...

 transition (referred to variously as a "shift in consciousness," the "Great Shift," the "Shift of the Ages," the "Zero Point," or the "Ascension Point"), with the time period leading up to "the Shift" referred to as "The Quickening." The concept of the Photon Belt also ties in to various phenomena including belief in extraterrestrial intelligence and 2012 millenarianism.

The core of the Photon Belt beliefs is that there is an immense belt of photons orbiting around the Pleiades
Pleiades (star cluster)
In astronomy, the Pleiades, or Seven Sisters , is an open star cluster containing middle-aged hot B-type stars located in the constellation of Taurus. It is among the nearest star clusters to Earth and is the cluster most obvious to the naked eye in the night sky...

. According to some New Age beliefs, Earth will pass though this belt of photons, resulting either in humanity's elevation to a higher plane of existence, the end of the world
End of the world
End of the world may refer to:* End time, in religion* List of places described as the end of land or the world* Expected tidal destruction of Earth when Sun becomes red-giant star-Albums:* End of the World , 1968 work by Aphrodite's Child...

, or both. Authors Virginia Essene (born 1928) and Sheldon Nidle (born 1946) write that the Photon Belt represents a temporary window for spiritual transition during which time humans can reach a higher level of existence, which they term the "galactic" level.

The concept of the Photon Belt was first presented in 1950 by Paul Otto Hesse (died 1958) in his work Der Jüngste Tag (The Last Day). This concept was repeated and expanded upon by Samael Aun Weor
Samael Aun Weor
Samael Aun Weor , born Víctor Manuel Gómez Rodríguez, Colombian citizen and later Mexican, was an author, lecturer and founder of the 'Universal Christian Gnostic Movement' with his teaching of 'The Doctrine of Synthesis' of all religions in both their esoteric and exoteric aspects...

 in a lecture he gave in 1977 titled "The Rings of Alcyone," and in August 1981, when an article on the topic titled "And So Tomorrow" by Shirley Kemp was published in the Australian International UFO Flying Saucer Research Magazine.

Original texts

German engineer and esotericist Paul Otto Hesse (died December 30, 1958) described his beliefs about the Photon Belt and its impact on humanity and planet Earth in his book Der Jüngste Tag (First Edition, 1950) (English: The Last Day). The concept of the Photon Belt was further developed by Samael Aun Weor
Samael Aun Weor
Samael Aun Weor , born Víctor Manuel Gómez Rodríguez, Colombian citizen and later Mexican, was an author, lecturer and founder of the 'Universal Christian Gnostic Movement' with his teaching of 'The Doctrine of Synthesis' of all religions in both their esoteric and exoteric aspects...

 (Víctor Manuel Gómez Rodríguez) (1917–1977) in his lecture "The Rings of Alcyone (1977) (original transcript title: "Conferencia Sobre Alcione").

In his lecture "The Rings of Alcyone" Weor states the following (citing Paul Otto Hesse ):

"If the Earth enters [the Photon Belt] first, everything will look like a great blaze, like real pictorial fireworks. But if the Sun were to enter [the Photon Belt] first, according to the calculations that have been made, a radiation would interfere with the solar rays and for this reason there would be a darkness that would last 110 hours, after which everything would return to normal and, unlike the first case, in which everything would look like a great blaze, in the second case, darkness would envelope the Earth. But there would be no darkness really, because everything would be sprinkled with lights; to give you an idea, it would be like a rainfall of stars upon the face of the Earth. Afterwards, everything would return to normal. In any case, our Earth, deep within Alcyone's rings, will be submitted to a very special radiation. The molecules, these being iron, phosphorus, calcium, copper, nitrogen, carbon, starch, etc., etc., would be completely modified due to this radiation. This means that you will see a change in matter."

Weor refers to the Photon Belt as "Alcyone's rings" (or "the rings of Alcyone"). Weor claims that "Alcyone
Alcyone (star)
Alcyone is a star system in the constellation Taurus. It is the brightest star in the Pleiades open cluster, which is a young cluster, aged at less than 50 million years. Alcyone is approximately 370 light years from Earth. It is named after the mythological figure Alcyone, one of the...

 is the principal sun of the Pleiades
Pleiades
Pleiades can refer to:Astronomy and science*Pleiades , an open cluster of stars in the constellation Taurus**Pleiades in folklore and literature, interpretations and traditional meanings of the star cluster among various human cultures...

 and in its orbit gravitate seven suns, our sun being the seventh which circles Alcyone." According to Weor, Alcyone has rings made of "radiation" caused by the "splitting of the electron." Weor refers to this "radiation" as "manasic" (from the Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...

 term for the mind, manas), and indicates that "it in some way relates to [the distinction between] the inferior manas (lower mind or lower self) and the superior manas (higher mind or Higher Self)." Weor purports that "the electrons in Alcyone's rings release a type of unknown energy".

Elsewhere in his lecture "The Rings of Alcyone" Weor states the following:

"Thereabout, in the year of 1974, three astronauts who were circling the Earth reported a type of radiation, or a type of unknown energy, unsuspected by official science. Obviously, since 1962, specifically since the 4th of February of that year, our planet Earth, and in general, the whole solar system, has been on the verge of entering the terrible rings of Alcyone ... These rings extend for some light years; they are instantly enormous. Nevertheless, at any given moment, our solar system will enter Alcyone’s rings."

In her book The Pleiadian Agenda, Barbara Hand Clow who claims to communicate Alcyone/Pleiadian views from an entity called Satya, states the following:

"Photon Bands are 7D donuts of light that emanate from the vertical axis of the Galactic Center." She goes on to assert that "Your Sun is linked to the Pleiades by means of a spiral light radiating out from Alcyone." and that "All stars existing in photon bands generate spirals that capture other stars..."

Popularity in New Age circles

The Australian International UFO Flying Saucer Research Magazine, Issue #12 (August 1981) published an article on the Photon Belt by Shirley Kemp titled "And So Tomorrow." About 10 years later, Kemp's article was reprinted in Nexus Magazine (Vol. 2, No. 2) under the title "The Photon Belt Story." According to the late Colin Norris (former head of AIUFOFSR, the organization that publishes Australian International UFO Flying Saucer Research Magazine), Kemp's article was actually co-authored by Kemp and a young university student who later became employed as a physicist at a well-known nuclear facility. It appears that Shirley Kemp was serving as librarian for the AIUFOFSR at the time her article was published in the organization's magazine, and that the young university student who co-authored the article was also a member of AIUFOFSR at that time (August 1981).It was Kemp's article which made the topic of the Photon Belt popular in New Age circles. Kemp's article doesn't mention Samael Aun Weor, but it does briefly discuss the contributions of the following scholars, scientists, and astronomers to subjects such as the Pleiades, photons, and the Photon Belt: Nostradamus
Nostradamus
Michel de Nostredame , usually Latinised to Nostradamus, was a French apothecary and reputed seer who published collections of prophecies that have since become famous worldwide. He is best known for his book Les Propheties , the first edition of which appeared in 1555...

, Sir Edmund Halley, Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, Josep Comas Solá
Josep Comas Solá
Josep Comas i Solà was a Catalan Spanish astronomer.He observed planets including Mars and Saturn, measuring the period of rotation of the latter...

, German engineer and esotericist Paul Otto Hesse (died December 30, 1958), Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac, Carl David Anderson
Carl David Anderson
Carl David Anderson was an American physicist. He is best known for his discovery of the positron in 1932, an achievement for which he received the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physics, and of the muon in 1936.-Biography:...

, Isaac Asimov
Isaac Asimov
Isaac Asimov was an American author and professor of biochemistry at Boston University, best known for his works of science fiction and for his popular science books. Asimov was one of the most prolific writers of all time, having written or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000...

, and Erich von Däniken
Erich von Däniken
Erich Anton Paul von Däniken is a Swiss author best known for his controversial claims about extraterrestrial influences on early human culture, in books such as Chariots of the Gods?, published in 1968...

.

On May 5, 1992 and June 23, 1992 the Photon Belt was mentioned in the Phoenix Liberator. The Photon Belt is also mentioned in a few Phoenix Journals (years unknown, but seems to be from the mid-1990s).

On June 8, 1992, the Photon Belt was mentioned on Usenet in the newsgroup sci.astro.

In the monthly channeled newsletter of Cosmic Awareness Communications (CAC) titled Revelations of Awareness, the Photon Belt was mentioned in the November 1992 issue in an article titled "The Photon Belt: Five Days of Darkness & No Electrical Power." The Phoenix Liberator then claimed that this predicted event would occur beginning on July 25, 1993. Revelations of Awareness refers to the Photon Belt in numerous issues thereafter.

Barbara Hand Clow mentions the Photon Belt numerous times in the "Foreword" of Foster Perry's book When Lightning Strikes a Hummingbird: The Awakening of a Healer (1993).

You are Becoming a Galactic Human (April 1994), by Virginia Essene and Sheldon Nidle, discusses the Photon Belt in considerable detail. The book is an edited transcription of a series of messages channeled from "Washta" (a Sirian counselor and galactic presence) through Nidle, who claims he has been receiving messages from the Sirians since he was nine.
The book states: "The Photon Belt, a huge torroid
Toroid
Toroid may refer to*Toroid , a doughnut-like solid whose surface is a torus.*Toroidal inductors and transformers which have wire windings on circular ring shaped magnetic cores.*Vortex ring, a toroidal flow in fluid mechanics....

 [sic] shaped object composed of photon light particles, was first discovered by your scientists in 1961 near the vicinity of the Pleiades by satellite instrumentation.

In January 1998, Noel Huntley, Ph.D. wrote an article titled The Photon-Belt Encounter which describes many aspects of the encounter with the belt, which he refers to also as an "electromagnetic
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. The other three are the strong interaction, the weak interaction and gravitation...

 cloud", in great detail.

Since 2000, the Photon Belt has been mentioned in other books such as The Pleiadian Agenda by Barbara Hand Clow.

In his book published in 2005 titled Touched by the Dragon's Breath: Conversations at "Colliding Rivers," Michael D. Harrington mentions the Photon Belt numerous times and, in the Foreword, refers to a 1987 meeting with his mentor John Redstone at "Colliding Rivers" in southern Oregon. Redstone was familiar with the Photon Belt, which he described as "a spectacular band of multi-dimensional light that St. Germain
Count of St Germain
The Count of St. Germain has been variously described as a courtier, adventurer, charlatan, inventor, alchemist, pianist, violinist and an amateur composer. He achieved great prominence in European high society of the mid-1700s, and since then various scholars have linked him to mysticism,...

 had called the 'Golden Nebula.' " Redstone also stated that "in esoteric circles it [the Photon Belt] is known as the 'Dragon's Breath.' " Harrington also refers to "a Native American prophecy
Native American mythology
Native American mythology is the body of traditional narratives associated with Native American religion from a mythographical perspective. Native American belief systems include many sacred narratives. Such spiritual stories are deeply based in Nature and are rich with the symbolism of seasons,...

 that told of a dynamic wave of energy traveling through space" and that "when the earth passed through this wave great changes would occur." Also, that "this 'great transformation' would be preceded by a time of purification."

Some world wide web sites are more specific in their description of the Photon belt and are referring to it's makeup as that of a gamma-ray burst, in which case the whole aspect and scale of the threat level posed by it can be reconsidered if we read the Rates and potential effects on life on Earth of gamma-ray bursts and consider the fact that gamma-ray bursts are the second most powerful entity known to man in the observable Universe. Orders of magniture (power)

Criticism by ufologists

In 1999 astrophysicist/ufologist Paul Alex LaViolette (born November 8, 1947), chairman of the Starburst Foundation (a non-profit organization which promotes research that falls outside of the mainstream view in science), criticized assertions about the Photon Belt made by Shirley Kemp in her magazine article titled "And So Tomorrow" (August 1981). LaViolette disputed Kemp's assertion that the Photon Belt had been detected by satellites in 1961, holding that no records of any such satellite findings were ever released, and that it was unlikely that equipment of the period would have been able to detect a photonic belt such as she had described in her magazine article. LaViolette also disputed Kemp's assertions about the movements of the Photon Belt and the solar system in relation to the star Alcyone, stating that in order for Kemp's figures to be accurate the solar system would have to be traveling at 10% of the speed of light, while Alcyone itself would have to be approximately 1 billion times the mass of the Sun in order to support such an orbit.

A number of predictions have been made as to the date of Earth's collision with the Photon Belt. So far, no observable effects attributable to the photon belt have been seen on those dates. Dates so far given have included 1992, 1997, 2011 and 2012.

Scientific criticism

While the concept of the Photon Belt is a part of New Age philosophy, some parts of the story can be analyzed scientifically. Mainstream scientists assert that there is no scientific evidence for the existence of any sort of "photon belt," and they have made the following statements in support of that conclusion:
  1. A photon
    Photon
    In physics, a photon is an elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic interaction and the basic unit of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation. It is also the force carrier for the electromagnetic force...

     is a boson
    Boson
    In particle physics, bosons are subatomic particles that obey Bose–Einstein statistics. Several bosons can occupy the same quantum state. The word boson derives from the name of Satyendra Nath Bose....

    --one of the elementary particle
    Elementary particle
    In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle not known to have substructure; that is, it is not known to be made up of smaller particles. If an elementary particle truly has no substructure, then it is one of the basic building blocks of the universe from which...

     that carry the four forces of physics--in this case, the force that produces light, i.e., the electromagnetic force. To the extent that such a thing as a "photon belt" is physically possible, it would require the gravitational pull of a black hole
    Black hole
    A black hole is a region of spacetime from which nothing, not even light, can escape. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass will deform spacetime to form a black hole. Around a black hole there is a mathematically defined surface called an event horizon that...

    , with light rays being bent around the black hole near the event horizon
    Event horizon
    In general relativity, an event horizon is a boundary in spacetime beyond which events cannot affect an outside observer. In layman's terms it is defined as "the point of no return" i.e. the point at which the gravitational pull becomes so great as to make escape impossible. The most common case...

    , forming a photon sphere. Barring interaction with gravity or matter, photons otherwise always travel in straight lines.
  2. Alcyone
    Alcyone (star)
    Alcyone is a star system in the constellation Taurus. It is the brightest star in the Pleiades open cluster, which is a young cluster, aged at less than 50 million years. Alcyone is approximately 370 light years from Earth. It is named after the mythological figure Alcyone, one of the...

     is a star in the Pleiades cluster, some 440 light-years away. The core of the Pleiades cluster is approximately 8 light-years across. The Sun, and with it the Earth, is moving away from Alcyone.

In popular culture

  • Nexus Magazine
    Nexus magazine
    Nexus is a bi-monthly alternative news magazine. It covers geopolitics and conspiracy theories; health issues, including alternative medicine; future science; the unexplained, including UFOs; Big Brother; and historical revisionism. The magazine also publishes articles about freedom of speech and...

     (April/May 1994 issue) - Review of the song "Five Days in a Photon Belt" by Warp Factor Nine on Karmic Hit
    Karmic Hit
    Karmic Hit is a record label based in Sydney. It was founded in 1993. The label features bands and musicians such as Steve Kilbey, Snog, David Lane and Halogen.-Releases:...

     Records.
  • In the late Summer of 1994 Arthur J. "Art" DiFuria (born July 1967 - He is both a rock musician and a professor of art history, currently teaching at SCAD = Savannah College of Art and Design at Savannah, Georgia) left the Lilys
    Lilys
    Lilys are an American indie rock band formed in Washington, D.C in 1988. The only constant member is Kurt Heasley, with the line-up changing regularly...

     (an East Coast rock band formed in 1988 in Washington, D.C., whose leader was Kurt Heasley) and formed a rock band of his own called the Photon Band. Several months earlier, DiFuria had read an article about the Photon Belt in a Winter 1993 issue of Welcome To Planet Earth magazine (an astrology magazine), and the article impressed him so deeply that it inspired him to name his new band the Photon Band. In December 1994 the Lilys released an album on the SpinArt label titled Eccsame the Photon Band (which means "Behold and Open the Photon Band"), a title which was intended to pay tribute to their former band member Art DiFuria and his new band the Photon Band.
  • In 1998 Australian artist/musician Frankie Death teamed up with a music group named The Photon Belt (led by a musician known as "Burnin" Ernie Oppenheimer) and released a CD on the Subversive Records
    Subversive Records
    Subversive Records is a UK based independent dance music record label. Founded in Camden, London, in 1995, Subversive relocated to Newcastle in 2004. The label's most commercially successful releases include "The Freaks Come Out" by NYC producer Cevin Fisher, "Ride A Rocket" by Victor Imbrez &...

     label titled Future Unseen, Soundtrack for the Film
    Future Unseen, Soundtrack for the Film
    'Future Unseen was the first studio album for visual artist/musician Frankie Death and the music group The Photon Belt,originally released on 7 Seater Records in Sydney and Subversive Records in Melbourne, Australia in March, 1998....

    .
  • Tori Amos
    Tori Amos
    Tori Amos is an American pianist, singer-songwriter and composer. She was at the forefront of a number of female singer-songwriters in the early 1990s and was noteworthy early in her career as one of the few alternative rock performers to use a piano as her primary instrument...

    repeats the phrase "we are entering The Photon Band" in her song titled "Zero Point"
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK