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Photobacterium phosphoreum or
Vibrio phosphoreum is a
Gram-negativeGram-negative bacteria are those bacteria that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol. In a Gram stain test, a counterstain is added after the crystal violet, coloring all Gram-negative bacteria with a red or pink color...
bioluminescentBioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. Its name is a hybrid word, originating from the Greek bios for "living" and the Latin lumen "light". Bioluminescence is a naturally occurring form of chemiluminescence where energy is released by a chemical reaction in...
bacterium living in
symbiosisThe term symbosis commonly describes close and often long-term interactions between different biological species...
with marine organisms. It can emit bluish-green light (490 nm) thanks to a chemical reaction between
FMNFlavin mononucleotide , or riboflavin-5′-phosphate, is a biomolecule produced from riboflavin by the enzyme riboflavin kinase and functions as prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases including NADH dehydrogenase...
,
luciferinLuciferins are a class of light-emitting biological pigments found in organisms that causes bioluminescence. The term is used generically to refer to any light emitting molecule utilized by a luciferase or photoprotein.- Types :Luciferins are a class of small-molecule substrates each for their...
and molecular
oxygenOxygen Oxygen Oxygen (acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (-genēs) (producer, literally begetter) is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O...
catalysed by an enzyme called
LuciferaseLuciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes used in bioluminescence and is distinct from a photoprotein. One famous example is the firefly luciferase from the firefly Photinus pyralis. Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes used in bioluminescence and...
.
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