Philippine Court of Appeals
Encyclopedia
The Court of Appeals of the Philippines (Filipino: Hukumang Paghahabol ng Pilipinas) is the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
' second highest judicial court, just after the Supreme Court
Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court of the Philippines is the Philippines' highest judicial court, as well as the court of last resort. The court consists of 14 Associate Justices and 1 Chief Justice...
. The court consists of 68 Associate Justices and 1 Presiding Justice. Pursuant to the Constitution
Constitution of the Philippines
The Constitution of the Philippines is the supreme law of the Philippines.The Constitution currently in effect was enacted in 1987, during the administration of President Corazon Aquino, and is popularly known as the "1987 Constitution"...
, the Court of Appeals (CA) "reviews not only the decisions and orders of the Regional Trial Courts nationwide but also those of the Court of Tax Appeals, as well as the awards, judgments, final orders or resolutions of, or authorized by 21 Quasi-Judicial Agencies exercising quasi-judicial functions mentioned in Rule 43 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, plus the National Amnesty Commission (Pres. Proclamation No. 347 of 1994) and Office of the Ombudsman
Philippine Ombudsman
The Ombudsman of the Philippines is an ombudsman responsible for investigating and prosecuting Philippine government officials accused of crimes....
(Fabian v. Desierto, 295 SCRA 470). Note, however, that pursuant to RA 9262, which elevated the CTA to the same level of the CA, CTA En banc decisions are now subject to review by the Supreme Court instead of the CA (as opposed to what is currently provided in in Section 1, Rule 43 of the Rules of Court).
Added to the formidable list are the decisions and resolutions of the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) which are now initially reviewable by this court, instead of a direct recourse to the Supreme Court, via petition for certiorari under Rule 65 (St. Martin Funeral Homes v. NLRC, 295 SCRA 414)". The Court of Appeals building is located at Maria Orosa Street, Ermita in Manila
Manila
Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...
.
History
Organized on February 1, 1936, the Court of Appeals was initially composed of Justice Pedro Concepcion as the first Presiding Judge and 10 Appellate Judges appointed by the PresidentPresident of the Philippines
The President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...
with the consent of the Commission on Appointments
Commission on Appointments
The Commission on Appointments is a body of the Congress of the Philippines as provided by the Constitution. It confirms certain appointments made by the President of the Philippines...
of the National Assembly.
It had exclusive appellate jurisdiction of all cases not falling under the original and exclusive appellate jurisdiction of the 7-man Supreme Court
Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court of the Philippines is the Philippines' highest judicial court, as well as the court of last resort. The court consists of 14 Associate Justices and 1 Chief Justice...
. Its decisions in those cases were final, except when the Supreme Court
Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court of the Philippines is the Philippines' highest judicial court, as well as the court of last resort. The court consists of 14 Associate Justices and 1 Chief Justice...
upon petition for certiorari
Certiorari
Certiorari is a type of writ seeking judicial review, recognized in U.S., Roman, English, Philippine, and other law. Certiorari is the present passive infinitive of the Latin certiorare...
on questions of law required that the case be certified to it for review. It had also original jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus
Mandamus
A writ of mandamus or mandamus , or sometimes mandate, is the name of one of the prerogative writs in the common law, and is "issued by a superior court to compel a lower court or a government officer to perform mandatory or purely ministerial duties correctly".Mandamus is a judicial remedy which...
, prohibition
Prohibition
Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, is the practice of prohibiting the manufacture, transportation, import, export, sale, and consumption of alcohol and alcoholic beverages. The term can also apply to the periods in the histories of the countries during which the...
, injunction
Injunction
An injunction is an equitable remedy in the form of a court order that requires a party to do or refrain from doing certain acts. A party that fails to comply with an injunction faces criminal or civil penalties and may have to pay damages or accept sanctions...
, certiorari
Certiorari
Certiorari is a type of writ seeking judicial review, recognized in U.S., Roman, English, Philippine, and other law. Certiorari is the present passive infinitive of the Latin certiorare...
, habeas corpus
Habeas corpus
is a writ, or legal action, through which a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention. The remedy can be sought by the prisoner or by another person coming to his aid. Habeas corpus originated in the English legal system, but it is now available in many nations...
and all other auxiliary writs in aid of its appellate jurisdiction. The Court then sat either en banc
En banc
En banc, in banc, in banco or in bank is a French term used to refer to the hearing of a legal case where all judges of a court will hear the case , rather than a panel of them. It is often used for unusually complex cases or cases considered to be of greater importance...
or in two divisions, one of 6 and another of 5 Judges. The appellate Judges had the same qualifications as those provided by the Constitution
Constitution of the Philippines
The Constitution of the Philippines is the supreme law of the Philippines.The Constitution currently in effect was enacted in 1987, during the administration of President Corazon Aquino, and is popularly known as the "1987 Constitution"...
for Supreme Court Justices.
In March 1938, the appellate Judges were named Justices and their number increased from 11 to 15, with three divisions of 5 under Commonwealth Act No. 259. On December 24, 1941, the membership of the Court was further increased to 19 Justices under Executive Order No. 395.
The Court functioned during the Japanese occupation, 1941-44. But in March 1945, due to abnormal conditions at the time, the Court was abolished by President
President of the Philippines
The President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...
Sergio Osmeña
Sergio Osmeña
Sergio Osmeña y Suico was a Filipino politician who served as the 4th President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was Vice President under Manuel L. Quezon, and rose to the presidency upon Quezon's death in 1944, being the oldest Philippine president to hold office at age 65...
through Executive Order No. 37. The end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
restored the democratic processes in the country. On October 4, 1946, Republic Act No. 52 was passed recreating the Court with a Presiding Justice and fourteen (14) Associate Justices. They composed 5 divisions of 3 Justices each.
On August 23, 1956, the Court membership was expanded to 18 Justices per Republic Act No. 1605. The number was hiked to 24 Justices as decreed by Republic Act No. 5204 approved on June 15, 1968. Ten years later, the unabated swelling of its dockets called for a much bigger Court of 45 Justices under Presidential Decree No. 1482 of June 10, 1978. Then came the Judiciary Reorganization on January 17, 1983 through Executive Order No. 864 of President Marcos
Ferdinand Marcos
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, Sr. was a Filipino leader and an authoritarian President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives and a member of the Philippine Senate...
. The Court was renamed Intermediate Appellate Court and its membership enlarged to 51 Justices. However, only thirty-seven (37) Justices were appointed.
On July 28, 1986, President Aquino
Corazon Aquino
Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino was the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office in Philippine history. She is best remembered for leading the 1986 People Power Revolution, which toppled Ferdinand Marcos and restored democracy in the Philippines...
issued Executive Order No.33 restoring the original name of the Court of Appeals with a Presiding Justice and fifty (50) Associate Justices.
On February 23, 1995, R.A. No. 7902 was passed expanding the jurisdiction of the Court effective March 18, 1995. On December 30, 1996, R.A. No. 8246 created six (6) more divisions in the Court, thereby increasing its membership from 51 to 69 Justices. These additional divisions - 3 for Visayas
Visayas
The Visayas or Visayan Islands and locally known as Kabisay-an gid, is one of the three principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Mindanao and Luzon. It consists of several islands, primarily surrounding the Visayan Sea, although the Visayas are considered the northeast...
and 3 for Mindanao
Mindanao
Mindanao is the second largest and easternmost island in the Philippines. It is also the name of one of the three island groups in the country, which consists of the island of Mindanao and smaller surrounding islands. The other two are Luzon and the Visayas. The island of Mindanao is called The...
paved the way for the appellate court's regionalization. The CA in the Visayas sits in Cebu City while Cagayan de Oro City is home to the CA for Mindanao.
On August 18, 2007, Atty. Briccio Joseph Boholst, president of IBP — Cebu City Chapter, opposed the abolition of the CA in Cebu City, for it will cause inconvenience for both litigants and lawyers. Supreme Court Associate Justice Ruben Reyes
Ruben Reyes
Ruben T. Reyes is a Filipino jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 2007 to 2009.- Profile :...
was tasked to investigate and submit recommendation to the High Tribunal because of the alleged massive graft and corruption of justices, especially in the issuance of temporary restraining orders (TRO’s).
On February 1, 2011, the Court celebrated its 75th Anniversary.
Fire
On July 26, 2007, Fire hits CA main building, from the room of Associate Justice Edgardo Sundiam at the fourth floor. Thick smoke was coming out of the building as the fire continued to rage amid strong winds blowing, raising fears that the flames would become stronger.Current Justices
| Name | Position | Date of Appointment | Date of Birth | Date of Retirement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hon. ANDRES B. REYES, JR. | Presiding Justice | February 20, 2010 | May 11, 1950 | May 11, 2020 |
| Hon. REMEDIOS A. SALAZAR-FERNANDO | Associate Justice | May 21, 1999 | September 2, 1953 | September 2, 2023 |
| Hon. BIENVENIDO L. REYES | Associate Justice | August 22, 2000 | July 6, 1947 | July 6, 2017 |
| Hon. JOSEFINA GUEVARA-SALONGA | Associate Justice | August 22, 2000 | February 14, 1942 | February 14, 2012 |
| Hon. REBECCA DE GUIA-SALVADOR | Associate Justice | August 22, 2000 | May 24, 1946 | May 24, 2016 |
| Hon. JUAN Q. ENRIQUEZ, JR. | Associate Justice | August 22, 2000 | June 20, 1942 | June 20, 2012 |
| Hon. AMELITA G. TOLENTINO | Associate Justice | August 27, 2001 | July 4, 1944 | July 4, 2014 |
| Hon. MARIO L. GUARIÑA III | Associate Justice | April 15, 2002 | November 11, 1941 | November 11, 2011 |
| Hon. ROSMARI D. CARANDANG | Associate Justice | March 17, 2003 | January 9, 1952 | January 9, 2022 |
| Hon. HAKIM S. ABDULWAHID | Associate Justice | March 10, 2003 | June 12, 1945 | June 12, 2015 |
| Hon. NOEL G. TIJAM | Associate Justice | March 17, 2003 | January 5, 1949 | January 5, 2019 |
| Hon. ROSALINDA ASUNCION-VICENTE | Associate Justice | July 16, 2003 | November 23, 1943 | November 23, 2013 |
| Hon. JOSE C. REYES, JR. | Associate Justice | July 18, 2003 | September 18, 1950 | September 18, 2020 |
| Hon. FERNANDA LAMPAS-PERALTA | Associate Justice | February 9, 2004 | June 16, 1960 | June 16, 2030 |
| Hon. MAGDANGAL M. DE LEON | Associate Justice | February 9, 2004 | August 19, 1948 | August 19, 2018 |
| Hon. VICENTE S. E. VELOSO | Associate Justice | February 9, 2004 | January 7, 1945 | January 7, 2015 |
| Hon. ISAIAS P. DICDICAN | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | July 4, 1945 | July 4, 2015 |
| Hon. ARCANGELITA ROMILLA-LONTOK | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | March 18, 1940 | March 18, 2010 |
| Hon. JAPAR B. DIMAAMPAO | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | December 27, 1963 | December 27, 2033 |
| Hon. CELIA C. LIBREA-LEAGOGO | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | December 15, 1950 | December 15, 2020 |
| Hon. PAMPIO A. ABARINTOS | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | December 14, 1943 | December 14, 2013 |
| Hon. ESTELA M. PERLAS-BERNABE | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | May 14, 1952 | May 14, 2022 |
| Hon. MARIFLOR PUNZALAN CASTILLO | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | September 21, 1954 | September 21, 2024 |
| Hon. SESINANDO E. VILLON | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | July 16, 1949 | July 16, 2019 |
| Hon. RAMON M. BATO, JR. | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | August 27, 1958 | August 27, 2028 |
| Hon. ROMULO V. BORJA | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | September 11, 1948 | September 11, 2018 |
| Hon. EDGARDO A. CAMELLO | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | May 19, 1952 | May 19, 2022 |
| Hon. RODRIGO F. LIM, JR. | Associate Justice | March 15, 2004 | October 25, 1941 | October 25, 2011 |
| Hon. NORMANDIE B. PIZARRO | Associate Justice | January 24, 2005 | February 7, 1949 | February 7, 2019 |
| Hon. APOLINARIO D. BRUSELAS, JR. | Associate Justice | August 1, 2005 | May 6, 1956 | May 6, 2026 |
| Hon. RAMON R. GARCIA | Associate Justice | August 31, 2005 | May 10, 1954 | May 10, 2024 |
| Hon. RICARDO R. ROSARIO | Associate Justice | September 12, 2005 | October 15, 1958 | October 15, 2028 |
| Hon. MARLENE GONZALES-SISON | Associate Justice | May 8, 2006 | February 28, 1956 | February 28, 2026 |
| Hon. ROMEO F. BARZA | Associate Justice | May 8, 2006 | August 2, 1949 | August 2, 2019 |
| Hon. ANTONIO L. VILLAMOR | Associate Justice | May 31, 2006 | July 4, 1942 | July 4, 2012 |
| Hon. PRISCILLA BALTAZAR-PADILLA | Associate Justice | May 31, 2006 | July 2, 1958 | July 2, 2028 |
| Hon. MARIO V. LOPEZ | Associate Justice | May 31, 2006 | June 4, 1955 | June 4, 2025 |
| Hon. FRANCISCO P. ACOSTA | Associate Justice | December 14, 2006 | April 2, 1947 | April 2, 2017 |
| Hon. STEPHEN C. CRUZ | Associate Justice | December 14, 2006 | August 3, 1950 | August 3, 2020 |
| Hon. JANE AURORA C. LANTION | Associate Justice | December 14, 2006 | January 9, 1950 | January 9, 2020 |
| Hon. MICHAEL P. ELBINIAS | Associate Justice | December 14, 2006 | April 6, 1958 | April 6, 2028 |
| Hon. ELIHU A. YBAÑEZ | Associate Justice | May 15, 2007 | November 2, 1951 | November 2, 2021 |
| Hon. FRANCHITO N. DIAMANTE | Associate Justice | August 8, 2007 | October 4, 1951 | October 4, 2021 |
| Hon. AMY LAZARO-JAVIER | Associate Justice | August 29, 2007 | November 16, 1956 | November 16, 2026 |
| Hon. FLORITO S. MACALINO | Associate Justice | January 4, 2008 | August 23, 1952 | August 23, 2022 |
| Hon. EDGARDO T. LLOREN | Associate Justice | January 4, 2008 | August 8, 1951 | August 8, 2021 |
| Hon. EDGARDO L. DELOS SANTOS | Associate Justice | May 5, 2008 | June 12, 1952 | June 12, 2022 |
| Hon. RODIL V. ZALAMEDA | Associate Justice | September 5, 2008 | August 2, 1963 | August 2, 2033 |
| Hon. MANUEL M. BARRIOS | Associate Justice | June 15, 2009 | November 29, 1952 | November 29, 2022 |
| Hon. SAMEUL H. GAERLAN | Associate Justice | June 15, 2009 | December 19, 1958 | December 19, 2028 |
| Hon. DANTON Q. BUESER | Associate Justice | June 15, 2009 | March 14, 1951 | March 14, 2021 |
| Hon. LEONCIA R. DIMAGIBA | Associate Justice | June 15, 2009 | December 1, 1949 | December 1, 2019 |
| Hon. EDWIN D. SORONGON | Associate Justice | October 30, 2009 | October 29, 1954 | October 29, 2024 |
| Hon. RAMON A. CRUZ | Associate Justice | October 30, 2009 | August 25, 1957 | August 25, 2027 |
| Hon. AGNES R. CARPIO | Associate Justice | October 30, 2009 | December 1, 1946 | December 1, 2016 |
| Hon. SOCORRO B. INTING | Associate Justice | October 30, 2009 | January 7, 1955 | January 7, 2025 |
| Hon. ANGELITA A. GACUTAN | Associate Justice | October 30, 2009 | December 3, 1953 | December 3, 2023 |
| Hon. MYRA G. FERNANDEZ | Associate Justice | February 16, 2010 | June 24, 1963 | June 24, 2033 |
| Hon. EDUARDO B. PERALTA JR. | Associate Justice | February 16, 2010 | September 29, 1962 | September 29, 2032 |
| Hon. RAMON PAUL L. HERNANDO | Associate Justice | February 16, 2010 | August 27, 1966 | August 27, 2036 |
| Hon. NINA G. ANTONIO-VALENZUELA | Associate Justice | February 24, 2010 | December 13, 1963 | December 13, 2033 |
| Hon. GABRIEL INGLES | Associate Justice | February 24, 2011 | February 27, 1952 | February 27, 2022 |
| Hon. VICTORIA ISABEL PAREDES | Associate Justice | March 1, 2011 | July 1, 1954 | July 1, 2024 |
| Hon. ABRAHAM BORRETA | Associate Justice | March 1, 2011 | December 21, 1948 | December 21, 2018 |
| Hon. PAMELA ANN A. MAXINO | Associate Justice | March 1, 2011 | October 3, 1956 | October 3, 2026 |
| Hon. CARMELITA S. MANAHAN | Associate Justice | March 15, 2011 | March 22, 1949 | March 22, 2019 |
| Hon. MELCHOR QUIRINO C. SADANG | Associate Justice | March 15, 2011 | January 6, 1952 | January 6, 2022 |
| Hon. ZENAIDA G. LAGUILLES | Associate Justice | March 15, 2011 | December 18, 1962 | December 18, 2032 |
See also
- Chief Justice of the PhilippinesChief Justice of the PhilippinesThe Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines presides over the Supreme Court of the Philippines and is the highest judicial officer of the government of the Philippines...
- Court of Tax Appeals of the Philippines
- SandiganbayanSandiganbayanThe Sandiganbayan is a special court in the Philippines which was established under Presidential Decree No. 1606. Its rank is equivalent to the Court of Appeals. The court consists of 14 Associate Justices and 1 Presiding Justice...
- PhilippinesPhilippinesThe Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
- Political history of the PhilippinesPolitical history of the PhilippinesThe political history of the Philippines are chronicles which describes the history of the islands, starting from the beginning of civilization and up to the present day period.*Politics of the Philippines**Prehistoric Philippines...
- Constitution of the PhilippinesConstitution of the PhilippinesThe Constitution of the Philippines is the supreme law of the Philippines.The Constitution currently in effect was enacted in 1987, during the administration of President Corazon Aquino, and is popularly known as the "1987 Constitution"...
External links
- Philippines: Gov.Ph: About the Philippines – Justice category
- The Philippines Court of Appeals – Official website