Philip Rose (theatrical producer)
Encyclopedia
Philip Rose was a Broadway
Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City...

 theatrical producer of such productions as A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959. The title comes from the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes...

, The Owl and the Pussycat
The Owl and the Pussycat
"The Owl and the Pussycat" is a nonsense poem by Edward Lear, first published in 1871.- Background :Lear wrote the poem for a three-year-old girl, Janet Symonds, the daughter of Lear's friend poet John Addington Symonds and his wife Catherine Symonds...

, Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?
Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?
Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie? is a play written in 1969 by Don Petersen. It has three acts, and helped to launch the careers of actors Al Pacino and Ron Thompson.-Title:...

, Purlie
Purlie
Purlie is a musical with a book by Ossie Davis, Philip Rose, and Peter Udell, lyrics by Udell, and music by Gary Geld. It is based on Davis' 1961 play Purlie Victorious, which was later made into the 1963 film Gone Are the Days! and which included all of the original Broadway cast, including Ruby...

, and Shenandoah
Shenandoah (musical)
Shenandoah is a musical that was written in 1975 with music by Gary Geld, lyrics by Peter Udell, and a book by Udell, Philip Rose and James Lee Barrett, based on Barrett's original screenplay for the 1965 film Shenandoah.-Productions:...

. His work was particularly notable for its social insight and distinctive social conscience.

Art and social justice

Philip Rose was born on the Lower East Side of Manhattan
Manhattan
Manhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...

 to Russian Jewish parents.

As a young man, he earned money singing at weddings and funerals and later worked briefly as a bill collector. His family moved to Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....

 during the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...

 and he began working at 16 for many of the local stores in the area.

While working in mostly black neighborhoods, he ended up going into people's homes and was accepted by some of the families forming personal friendships. It was there that he learned about Gospel
Gospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...

 music and Jazz
Jazz
Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...

. Washington, D.C., at the time, was a segregated city
Racial segregation
Racial segregation is the separation of humans into racial groups in daily life. It may apply to activities such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a public toilet, attending school, going to the movies, or in the rental or purchase of a home...

, but he found ways to spend time with friends he made there. He attributed this experience with segregation as having changed his life. His father, Max Rosenberg, always expressed himself differently on racial matters than the people in the neighborhood. He was very critical of racism and this made a lasting impression on the young Philip Rose.

In 1945, after arriving in New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...

, Philip Rose toured with an opera company. He was in a Gilbert & Sullivan company in Greenwich Village
Greenwich Village
Greenwich Village, , , , .in New York often simply called "the Village", is a largely residential neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City. A large majority of the district is home to upper middle class families...

 where he met his wife, the actress Doris Belack. Shortly afterward, he began touring for a whole season doing musicals.

Civil liberty and human friendship

Philip Rose went to Harlem
Harlem
Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, which since the 1920s has been a major African-American residential, cultural and business center. Originally a Dutch village, formally organized in 1658, it is named after the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands...

 and began to sing Jazz
Jazz
Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...

. He became instantly involved in the American Civil Rights Movement
African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)
The African-American Civil Rights Movement refers to the movements in the United States aimed at outlawing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring voting rights to them. This article covers the phase of the movement between 1955 and 1968, particularly in the South...

. While in Harlem
Harlem
Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, which since the 1920s has been a major African-American residential, cultural and business center. Originally a Dutch village, formally organized in 1658, it is named after the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands...

, he got to know struggling black artists including William Marshall, who was one of the few black actors to have a career. William Marshall was among the artists Philip Rose invited to his apartment for a meeting concerning the Mississippi
Mississippi
Mississippi is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, whose name comes from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi...

 lynching of Emmett Till
Emmett Till
Emmett Louis "Bobo" Till was an African-American boy who was murdered in Mississippi at the age of 14 after reportedly flirting with a white woman. Till was from Chicago, Illinois visiting his relatives in the Mississippi Delta region when he spoke to 21-year-old Carolyn Bryant, the married...

. Rose regarded his friensdhips with Sidney Poitier
Sidney Poitier
Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE is a Bahamian American actor, film director, author, and diplomat.In 1963, Poitier became the first black person to win an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Lilies of the Field...

 and Lorraine Hansberry
Lorraine Hansberry
Lorraine Hansberry was an African American playwright and author of political speeches, letters, and essays...

 as amongst two of the most important in his life.

When he decided to produce A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959. The title comes from the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes...

for Broadway, the first person he called was Sidney Poitier
Sidney Poitier
Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE is a Bahamian American actor, film director, author, and diplomat.In 1963, Poitier became the first black person to win an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Lilies of the Field...

, not just because he wanted him to because he had no idea where to begin in the casting process. Sidney Poitier
Sidney Poitier
Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE is a Bahamian American actor, film director, author, and diplomat.In 1963, Poitier became the first black person to win an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Lilies of the Field...

 got an attorney for him, assisted him in the whole process, and remained his best friend up until Philip's death.

The Struggle Against Racism

Philip Rose, in his work and his life, struggled against racism and discrimination in all its multifarious forms and disguises. He has observed that though racism has been extant in numerous contexts, it began in America
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 as a business proposition: Slavery
Slavery
Slavery is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slaves can be held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to demand compensation...

. The social consciousness of the work he has produced reflects his own perceptive, empathic consciousness.

In two anecdotes relating to Raisin in the Sun, he pointed out that in 1959, the year the play was first produced, there was a man seated in the best seat in the House (Fourth Row Center). This man asked at intermission to change his seat. There did not appear to be a problem with the seat and the house was completely sold out. The man was permitted to stand in the back of the theater. Philip Rose went to the man's seat and noticed that there was a black couple on either side of the seat he had occupied. This man preferred to stand at the back of the theater for the entire performance rather than in the best seat in the house situated between two black couples, an interesting commentary on the irrationality of prejudice.

Another anecdotal experience occurred while Raisin in the Sun was touring Washington D.C. Near the end of the play, Walter Lee Younger says:


"We have decided to move into our house because my father — my father — he earned it for us brick by brick.".


The audience which was 95% white applauded. The next day, along with a rave review there was an editorial stating that the same people who applauded Walter Lee, went home and kept fighting to keep black people out of their neighborhoods.

Philip Rose expressed the hope that the message of the play might cause one or two of these individuals to learn something about their own attitudes and to examine those of the society in general.

Innovation and diversity on Broadway

Philip Rose was honored in 1995 with the Actors' Equity Rosetta Lenoire Award for "being an innovator in the theater" and for showcasing "a vast and rich array of actors and playwrights and for exposing Broadway audiences to a world of diversity."

Rose worked over the course of five decades as producer and director of theatrical events imbued with an urgent impulse to change the thinking and assumptions of audiences on a range of social issues. In Ossie Davis
Ossie Davis
Ossie Davis was an American film actor, director, poet, playwright, writer, and social activist.-Early years:...

' Purlie Victorious and the musical Purlie
Purlie
Purlie is a musical with a book by Ossie Davis, Philip Rose, and Peter Udell, lyrics by Udell, and music by Gary Geld. It is based on Davis' 1961 play Purlie Victorious, which was later made into the 1963 film Gone Are the Days! and which included all of the original Broadway cast, including Ruby...

, the issue was racism
Racism
Racism is the belief that inherent different traits in human racial groups justify discrimination. In the modern English language, the term "racism" is used predominantly as a pejorative epithet. It is applied especially to the practice or advocacy of racial discrimination of a pernicious nature...

; In Shenandoah
Shenandoah (musical)
Shenandoah is a musical that was written in 1975 with music by Gary Geld, lyrics by Peter Udell, and a book by Udell, Philip Rose and James Lee Barrett, based on Barrett's original screenplay for the 1965 film Shenandoah.-Productions:...

, the issue was war
War
War is a state of organized, armed, and often prolonged conflict carried on between states, nations, or other parties typified by extreme aggression, social disruption, and usually high mortality. War should be understood as an actual, intentional and widespread armed conflict between political...

; in Sun Flower, the issue was women's rights
Women's rights
Women's rights are entitlements and freedoms claimed for women and girls of all ages in many societies.In some places these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behaviour, whereas in others they may be ignored or suppressed...

; and in My Old Friends, the issue was old age
Old age
Old age consists of ages nearing or surpassing the average life span of human beings, and thus the end of the human life cycle...

.

Rose was an innovator in non-traditional casting too. In 1964, he cast the black actress Diana Sands
Diana Sands
Diana Sands was an American dramatic actress, perhaps most famous for her portrayal of Beneatha Younger, the sister of Sidney Poitier's character in the original film version of Lorraine Hansberry's Raisin in the Sun...

 opposite Alan Alda
Alan Alda
Alphonso Joseph D'Abruzzo , better known as Alan Alda, is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and author. A six-time Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award winner, he is best known for his role as Hawkeye Pierce in the TV series M*A*S*H...

 in the two-character comedy/love story, The Owl and the Pussycat
The Owl and the Pussycat (film)
The Owl and the Pussycat is a 1970 romantic comedy film directed by Herbert Ross and starring Barbra Streisand and George Segal. Barbra Streisand plays the role of a somewhat uneducated actress, model and part-time prostitute. She temporarily lives with an educated aspiring writer . Their...

. When fellow producer Alexander Cohen requested that the script be rewritten for Diana Sands
Diana Sands
Diana Sands was an American dramatic actress, perhaps most famous for her portrayal of Beneatha Younger, the sister of Sidney Poitier's character in the original film version of Lorraine Hansberry's Raisin in the Sun...

, Philip Rose stated, "She's doing it exactly as it is written — a woman who falls in love." After the opening, Mr. Cohen said: "I was all wrong."

The Owl and the Pussycat became a Broadway
Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City...

 hit.

On the subject of human brotherhood, the idea at the root of much of his work, Philip Rose noted that the yiddish song "Chussen Kalle Mazel Tov" and the song "St. James Infirmary", which arises from the American black blues
Blues
Blues is the name given to both a musical form and a music genre that originated in African-American communities of primarily the "Deep South" of the United States at the end of the 19th century from spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts and chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads...

 tradition, share the same melody. One inference to be drawn is that both songs arise from the heart of a people and the sameness of melody shows that people who've sometimes seen each other as different are much more alike then they realize. In their depths, the world is felt the same way.

Philip Rose died in Englewood, New Jersey
Englewood, New Jersey
Englewood is a city located in Bergen County, New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 27,147.Englewood was incorporated as a city by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1899, from portions of Ridgefield Township and the remaining portions of...

 on May 31, 2011. His wife, actress Doris Belack died four months later on October 4, 2011.

Productions

  • The Cemetery Club
    The Cemetery Club
    -Plot:Based on the play by Ivan Menchell, this drama concerns three friends, Doris , Lucille , and Esther . All three live in the same Jewish community in Pittsburgh, are in their mid-to-late 50s, and have become widows within the past few months...

    [Original, Play, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose;
Executive Producer: Philip Rose May 15, 1990 - Jul 1, 1990
  • Truly Blessed
    Truly Blessed
    Truly Blessed is the eleventh studio album by R&B singer Teddy Pendergrass, released in March 1991 on the Elektra label. Four tracks were produced by Pendergrass, with four of the tracks produced by Pendergrass and Terry Price, and the remaining three produced by Derek Nakamoto and Craig...

    [Original, Musical]

Produced by Philip Rose;
Executive Producer: Philip Rose April 22, 1990 - May 20, 1990
  • Shenandoah
    Shenandoah (musical)
    Shenandoah is a musical that was written in 1975 with music by Gary Geld, lyrics by Peter Udell, and a book by Udell, Philip Rose and James Lee Barrett, based on Barrett's original screenplay for the 1965 film Shenandoah.-Productions:...

    [Revival, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Book by Philip Rose August 8, 1989 - September 2, 1989
  • Checkmates [Original, Play, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose August 4, 1988 - December 31, 1988
  • Late Nite Comic
    Late Nite Comic
    Late Night Comic was a short-lived stage musical written by playwright Allan Knee and composer/lyricist Brian Gari, which ran for 17 performances on Broadway in 1987.-Origins:...

    [Original, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose October 15, 1987 - October 17, 1987
  • Amen Corner
    Amen Corner
    Amen Corner may refer to:*Amen Corner , 1960s British pop group*Amen Corner , 1983 musical*Amen Corner , novel by Rick Shefchik*The Amen Corner, 1954 play by James Baldwin...

    [Original, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Associate Produced by Philip Rose;
Book by Philip Rose November 10, 1983 - December 4, 1983
  • Comin' Uptown [Original, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Book by Philip Rose Dec 20, 1979 - Jan 27, 1980
  • My Old Friends [Original, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose Apr 12, 1979 - May 27, 1979
  • Angel
    Angel
    Angels are mythical beings often depicted as messengers of God in the Hebrew and Christian Bibles along with the Quran. The English word angel is derived from the Greek ἄγγελος, a translation of in the Hebrew Bible ; a similar term, ملائكة , is used in the Qur'an...

    [Original, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Produced by Philip Rose May 10, 1978 - May 13, 1978
  • The Trip Back Down [Original, Play]

Produced by Philip Rose Jan 4, 1977 - Mar 5, 1977
  • Kings
    Kings
    Kings may refer to:*Kings: The Sovereign Heads of states and/or nations*One of several works known as the "Book of Kings":**The Books of Kings part of the Bible, divided into two parts**The Shahnama, an 11th century epic Persian poem...

    [Original, Special, Dance, Drama]

Produced by Philip Rose Sep 27, 1976 - Oct 18, 1976
  • Shenandoah
    Shenandoah (musical)
    Shenandoah is a musical that was written in 1975 with music by Gary Geld, lyrics by Peter Udell, and a book by Udell, Philip Rose and James Lee Barrett, based on Barrett's original screenplay for the 1965 film Shenandoah.-Productions:...

    [Original, Musical]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Produced by Philip Rose;
Book by Philip Rose Jan 7, 1975 - Aug 7, 1977
  • Purlie
    Purlie
    Purlie is a musical with a book by Ossie Davis, Philip Rose, and Peter Udell, lyrics by Udell, and music by Gary Geld. It is based on Davis' 1961 play Purlie Victorious, which was later made into the 1963 film Gone Are the Days! and which included all of the original Broadway cast, including Ruby...

    [Revival, Musical, Comedy]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Produced by Philip Rose;
Book by Philip Rose Dec 27, 1972 - Jan 7, 1973
  • Purlie
    Purlie
    Purlie is a musical with a book by Ossie Davis, Philip Rose, and Peter Udell, lyrics by Udell, and music by Gary Geld. It is based on Davis' 1961 play Purlie Victorious, which was later made into the 1963 film Gone Are the Days! and which included all of the original Broadway cast, including Ruby...

    [Original, Musical, Comedy]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Produced by Philip Rose;
Book by Philip Rose March 15, 1970 - November 6, 1971
  • Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?
    Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?
    Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie? is a play written in 1969 by Don Petersen. It has three acts, and helped to launch the careers of actors Al Pacino and Ron Thompson.-Title:...

    [Original, Play]

Produced by Philip Rose Feb 25, 1969 - Mar 29, 1969
  • The Ninety Day Mistress [Original, Play]

Directed by Philip Rose;
Produced by Philip Rose Nov 6, 1967 - Nov 25, 1967
  • Nathan Weinstein, Mystic
    Mystic, Connecticut
    Mystic is a village and census-designated place in New London County, Connecticut, in the United States. The population was 4,001 at the 2000 census. A historic locality, Mystic has no independent government because it is not a legally recognized municipality in the state of Connecticut...

    , Connecticut
    Connecticut
    Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately...

      [Original, Play, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose Feb 25, 1966 - Feb 26, 1966
  • The Owl and the Pussycat
    The Owl and the Pussycat
    "The Owl and the Pussycat" is a nonsense poem by Edward Lear, first published in 1871.- Background :Lear wrote the poem for a three-year-old girl, Janet Symonds, the daughter of Lear's friend poet John Addington Symonds and his wife Catherine Symonds...

    [Original, Play, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose Nov 18, 1964 - Nov 27, 1965
  • Cafe Crown [Original, Musical, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose Apr 17, 1964 - Apr 18, 1964
  • Nobody Loves an Albatross [Original, Play, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose Dec 19, 1963 - Jun 20, 1964
  • The Heroine [Original, Play]

Produced by Philip Rose Feb 19, 1963 - Mar 9, 1963
  • Bravo Giovanni
    Bravo Giovanni
    Bravo Giovanni is a musical with a book by A. J. Russell, lyrics by Ronny Graham, and music by Milton Schafer. It is based upon the novel, "The Crime of Giovanni Venturi", by Howard Shaw ....

    [Original, Musical]

Produced by Philip Rose May 19, 1962 - Sep 15, 1962
  • Purlie Victorious [Original, Play, Comedy]

Produced by Philip Rose Sep 28, 1961 - May 12, 1962
  • Semi-Detached
    Semi-Detached (play)
    Semi-Detached is a play written by David Turner. It was premiered at the Belgrade Theatre, Coventry in June 1962 with Leonard Rossiter in the lead role and directed by Tony Richardson....

    [Original, Play]

Produced by Philip Rose Mar 10, 1960 - Mar 12, 1960
  • A Raisin in the Sun
    A Raisin in the Sun
    A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959. The title comes from the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes...

    [Original, Play, Drama]

Produced by Philip Rose Mar 11, 1959 - Jun 25, 1960

Producer, Miscellaneous Crew, Actor, Writer, Self Producer

  • 1980s
    • A Raisin in the Sun
      A Raisin in the Sun
      A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959. The title comes from the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes...

      (1961) (producer/stage production)
  • 1960s
    • Purlie
      Purlie
      Purlie is a musical with a book by Ossie Davis, Philip Rose, and Peter Udell, lyrics by Udell, and music by Gary Geld. It is based on Davis' 1961 play Purlie Victorious, which was later made into the 1963 film Gone Are the Days! and which included all of the original Broadway cast, including Ruby...

      (1981) (TV) (producer)

Miscellaneous Crew

  • 1970s
    • The Owl and the Pussycat
      The Owl and the Pussycat
      "The Owl and the Pussycat" is a nonsense poem by Edward Lear, first published in 1871.- Background :Lear wrote the poem for a three-year-old girl, Janet Symonds, the daughter of Lear's friend poet John Addington Symonds and his wife Catherine Symonds...

      (1970) (presenter: stage production)
  • 1960s
    • Gone Are the Days! (1963) (producer: original stage production) ... aka Purlie Victorious ... aka The Man from C.O.T.T.O.N. (USA: reissue title)

Actor

  • "White Hunter" .... McKimba (1 episode, 1957)
  • The Squire of the Serengeti (1957) TV Episode .... McKimba
  • Across the Bridge
    Across the Bridge
    Across the Bridge is a short story by Graham Greene.The story is told first-person by an unnamed narrator who reveals little about himself, other than that he is a wandering stranger stranded in a small Mexican border village. The narrator is fascinated by Joseph Calloway, a famous con-man believed...

     (1957) (uncredited)

Self

"American Masters
American Masters
American Masters is a PBS television show which produces biographies on the artists, actors and writers of the United States who have left a profound impact on the nation's popular culture. It is produced by WNET in New York City...

" .... Himself - Producer 'A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959. The title comes from the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes...

' (1 episode, 2000)
Sidney Poitier
Sidney Poitier
Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE is a Bahamian American actor, film director, author, and diplomat.In 1963, Poitier became the first black person to win an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Lilies of the Field...

: One Bright Light (2000) TV Episode .... Himself - Producer 'A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun
A Raisin in the Sun is a play by Lorraine Hansberry that debuted on Broadway in 1959. The title comes from the poem "Harlem" by Langston Hughes...

'

External links

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