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The Periadriatic Seam is a distinct geologic fault
Geologic fault

In geology, a fault or fault line is a planar Fracture in rock in which the rock on one side of the fracture has moved with respect to the rock on the other side....
 in Southern Europe, running S-shaped about 1000 km from the Tyrrhenian Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea

The Tyrrhenian Sea is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy.It is bounded by Corsica and Sardinia , Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, and Calabria , and Sicily ....
 through the whole Southern Alps
Southern Alps (geology)

The Southern Alps are a geology subdivision of the European Alps. The Southern Alps are the part of the Alps that are found south of the Periadriatic Seam, a major geological Geologic fault across the Alps....
 as far as Hungary
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
. It forms the division between the Adriatic plate
Apulian Plate

The Adriatic or Apulian Plate is a small tectonic plate carrying primarily continental crust that broke away from the African plate along a large transform fault in the Cretaceous period....
 and the European plate
Eurasian Plate

The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate which includes most of the continent of Eurasia , with the notable exceptions of the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Chersky Range in East Siberia....
. The term Insubric line is sometimes used to address the whole Periadriatic Seam, but it is more commonly used to mean just a western part of it. in the Eastern Alps
Eastern Alps

Eastern Alps is the name given to the eastern half of the Alps, usually defined as the area east of the Spl?gen Pass in eastern Switzerland. North of the Spl?gen Pass, the Posterior Rhine forms the border, and south of the pass, the Liro river and Lake Como form the boundary line....
, the line marks the border between the Central Eastern Alps
Central Eastern Alps

The Central Eastern Alps are the core mountain range of the Eastern Alps with the highest peaks, located between the Northern Limestone Alps and the Southern Limestone Alps, from which they differ in geological composition....
 and the Southern Limestone Alps
Southern Limestone Alps

The Southern Limestone Alps are the mountain range of the Eastern Alps south of the Central Eastern Alps. The distinction from the latter group, where the higher peaks are located, is based on differences in geological composition....
.






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The Periadriatic Seam is a distinct geologic fault
Geologic fault

In geology, a fault or fault line is a planar Fracture in rock in which the rock on one side of the fracture has moved with respect to the rock on the other side....
 in Southern Europe, running S-shaped about 1000 km from the Tyrrhenian Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea

The Tyrrhenian Sea is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy.It is bounded by Corsica and Sardinia , Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, and Calabria , and Sicily ....
 through the whole Southern Alps
Southern Alps (geology)

The Southern Alps are a geology subdivision of the European Alps. The Southern Alps are the part of the Alps that are found south of the Periadriatic Seam, a major geological Geologic fault across the Alps....
 as far as Hungary
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
. It forms the division between the Adriatic plate
Apulian Plate

The Adriatic or Apulian Plate is a small tectonic plate carrying primarily continental crust that broke away from the African plate along a large transform fault in the Cretaceous period....
 and the European plate
Eurasian Plate

The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate which includes most of the continent of Eurasia , with the notable exceptions of the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Chersky Range in East Siberia....
. The term Insubric line is sometimes used to address the whole Periadriatic Seam, but it is more commonly used to mean just a western part of it.
Alps Relief 02de+periadriatic

Tectonics and geology

Within the Eastern Alps
Eastern Alps

Eastern Alps is the name given to the eastern half of the Alps, usually defined as the area east of the Spl?gen Pass in eastern Switzerland. North of the Spl?gen Pass, the Posterior Rhine forms the border, and south of the pass, the Liro river and Lake Como form the boundary line....
, the line marks the border between the Central Eastern Alps
Central Eastern Alps

The Central Eastern Alps are the core mountain range of the Eastern Alps with the highest peaks, located between the Northern Limestone Alps and the Southern Limestone Alps, from which they differ in geological composition....
 and the Southern Limestone Alps
Southern Limestone Alps

The Southern Limestone Alps are the mountain range of the Eastern Alps south of the Central Eastern Alps. The distinction from the latter group, where the higher peaks are located, is based on differences in geological composition....
. In the Western Alps it forms the division between the southern Apulian foreland
Foreland

Foreland is the easternmost point of the Isle of Wight. It is located five kilometres east of the town of Brading, and due south of the city of Portsmouth on the Great Britain mainland....
 and the central crystalline
Basement (geology)

In geology, the terms basement and crystalline basement are used to define the rocks below a sedimentation platform or cover, or more generally any rock below sedimentary rocks or sedimentary basin that are metamorphic rock or Igneous rock in origin....
 zones of the Alps.

Continental collision
Continental collision

Continental collision is a phenomenon of the plate tectonics of Earth that occurs at Convergent boundary. Continental collision is a variation on the fundamental process of subduction, whereby the subduction zone is destroyed, mountains produced, and two continents sutured together....
 is still going on, with the Apulian and European plates still converging. Movement along the Periadriatic Seam is the cause for the earthquake
Earthquake

An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes are recorded with a seismometer, also known as a seismograph....
 zone between Vienna
Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
 and Friuli
Friuli

Friuli is an area of northeastern Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i.e....
. Meanwhile, the central zones of the Alps are rising too, causing vertical slip
Geologic fault

In geology, a fault or fault line is a planar Fracture in rock in which the rock on one side of the fracture has moved with respect to the rock on the other side....
 along the fault. The result is the set of major faultzones
Geologic fault

In geology, a fault or fault line is a planar Fracture in rock in which the rock on one side of the fracture has moved with respect to the rock on the other side....
 collectively named Periadriatic Seam. The uplift caused violent erosion
Erosion

For morphological image processing operations, see Erosion 'For use of in dermatopathology, see Erosion Erosion is the removal of solids in the natural environment....
 of the young orogen, which led to the formation of the Hohe Tauern
Hohe Tauern window

The Hohe Tauern window is a geological structure in the Austrian Central Eastern Alps. It is a window in the Austroalpine nappes where high-grade metamorphic rocks of the underlying Penninic nappes outcrop....
 window
Window (geology)

A tectonics window Windows can be almost any size, from a couple of meters to hundreds of kilometers....
. At several regions an heavy uplift
Uplift

Uplift may refer to:* Biological uplift, the theoretical prospect of upgrading the capacities of a species or a civilization.** Uplift Universe, the setting for a series of novels by David Brin in which Biological Uplift is a central aspect...
 of the Central Alps by some kilometers took place, and also a shift of more than 50 km.

Geographic position and names

From east to west, the course of the Periadriatic Seam and the names given to it regionally are as follows:
  • Drau line: Southwestern Hungary - Styria - Drau valley (Jaun-, Rosental) - Klagenfurt
    Klagenfurt

    Klagenfurt am W?rthersee is the capital of the federal state of Carinthia in Austria. With a population of over 90,000 it is the sixth-largest city in the country....
    )
  • Gailtal line: Gailtal
  • Pustertal line: Pustertal-Val Pusteria - Bruneck-Brunico - Merano
  • Giudicárie line
    Giudicárie line

    The Giudic?rie line is a major geologic faultzone in the Italy Alps. It runs from Merano in the northeast as a more or less straight line along the lower part of the Val di Sole, along the Val Rendena and then along the Chiese valley to the Lago d'Idro ....
    : Merano - Val di Sole
    Val di Sole

    The Val di Sole or Valle di Sole is a valley in the Italy Province of Trento.Val di Sole applies to the Val Vermiglio, the east-west aligned valley of the river Noce and its sidevalleys, among which the Val di Peio that heads to the Ortler....
  • Tonale or Insubric line: Tonale Pass
    Tonale Pass

    Tonale Pass is a high mountain pass in northern Italy across the Rhaetian Alps, between Lombardy and Province of Trento.It connects Valcamonica and Val di Sole....
     - Val Camonica
    Val Camonica

    Val Camonica is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, about 90 km long. It starts from the Tonale Pass, at 1883 metres above sea level and ends at Corna Trentapassi in the comune of Pisogne, near Lake Iseo....
     - Veltlin - Biella
    Biella

    Biella is a town and comune in the northern Italy region of Piemonte, the capital of the Province of Biella, with some 46,000 inhabitants as of 2007....
     - Gulf of Genoa
    Gulf of Genoa

    The Gulf of Genoa is the northernmost part of the Ligurian Sea. The width of the gulf is about 125 km, from the city of Imperia in the west to La Spezia in the east. The largest city on the its coast is Genoa, which has an important port....
    .


See also

  • Apulian plate
    Apulian Plate

    The Adriatic or Apulian Plate is a small tectonic plate carrying primarily continental crust that broke away from the African plate along a large transform fault in the Cretaceous period....